As one of the most important geological events in Cenozoic era,the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has had profound influences on the Asian and global climate and environment evolution.During the past four decades,ma...As one of the most important geological events in Cenozoic era,the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has had profound influences on the Asian and global climate and environment evolution.During the past four decades,many scholars from China and abroad have studied climatic and environmental effects of the TP uplift by using a variety of geological records and paleoclimate numerical simulations.The existing research results enrich our understanding of the mechanisms of Asian monsoon changes and interior aridification,but so far there are still a lot of issues that need to be thought deeply and investigated further.This paper attempts to review the research on the influence of the TP uplift on the Asian monsoon-arid environment,summarize three types of numerical simulations including bulk-plateau uplift,phased uplift and sub-regional uplift,and especially to analyze regional differences in responses of climate and environment to different forms of tectonic uplifts.From previous modeling results,the land-sea distribution and the Himalayan uplift may have a large effect in the establishment and development of the South Asian monsoon.However,the formation and evolution of the monsoon in northern East Asia,the intensified dryness north of the TP and enhanced Asian dust cycle may be more closely related to the uplift of the main body,especially the northern part of the TP.In this review,we also discuss relative roles of the TP uplift and other impact factors,origins of the South Asian monsoon and East Asian monsoon,feedback effects and nonlinear responses of climatic and environmental changes to the plateau uplift.Finally,we make comparisons between numerical simulations and geological records,discuss their uncertainties,and highlight some problems worthy of further studying.展开更多
Geological climatic records and model simulations on the Asian summer monsoon climate change induced by insolation forcing of the Earth's precession are systematically reviewed in this paper.The presentation of th...Geological climatic records and model simulations on the Asian summer monsoon climate change induced by insolation forcing of the Earth's precession are systematically reviewed in this paper.The presentation of the questions on the mechanism of the Asian monsoon evolution at the precession band,currently existing debates and future research directions are discussed.Since the early 1980s,more and more observed evidence and simulated results,especially the absolute-dated stalagmite records and orbital-scale transient model runs in the last few years,have indicated that the quasi-20ka period in the Quaternary monsoon climate change is caused by precession.However,debates still exist on the dynamic mechanism how precession affects the Asian monsoon.The "zero phase" hypothesis says that the Asian monsoon is merely controlled by summer insolation in the Northern Hemisphere(NH) while the "latent heat" hypothesis emphasizes the dominant effect of latent heat transport from the Southern Hemisphere(SH) besides the role of the northern insolation.The two hypotheses have separately been supported by some evidence.Although we are cognizant of the importance of northern solar radiation and the remote effect of southern insolation,it has still a long way to go before comprehensively understanding the evolutionary mechanism of the Asian monsoon.In view of the problems existing in present researches of monsoon-dominated climate change at the precession scale,we propose that studies on the environmental significance of geological monsoon proxies,feedback processes in the long-term transient simulations and intercomparisons between observations and modeling results should be strengthened in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB03020601)the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB833406)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41290255 and 41075067)
文摘As one of the most important geological events in Cenozoic era,the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has had profound influences on the Asian and global climate and environment evolution.During the past four decades,many scholars from China and abroad have studied climatic and environmental effects of the TP uplift by using a variety of geological records and paleoclimate numerical simulations.The existing research results enrich our understanding of the mechanisms of Asian monsoon changes and interior aridification,but so far there are still a lot of issues that need to be thought deeply and investigated further.This paper attempts to review the research on the influence of the TP uplift on the Asian monsoon-arid environment,summarize three types of numerical simulations including bulk-plateau uplift,phased uplift and sub-regional uplift,and especially to analyze regional differences in responses of climate and environment to different forms of tectonic uplifts.From previous modeling results,the land-sea distribution and the Himalayan uplift may have a large effect in the establishment and development of the South Asian monsoon.However,the formation and evolution of the monsoon in northern East Asia,the intensified dryness north of the TP and enhanced Asian dust cycle may be more closely related to the uplift of the main body,especially the northern part of the TP.In this review,we also discuss relative roles of the TP uplift and other impact factors,origins of the South Asian monsoon and East Asian monsoon,feedback effects and nonlinear responses of climatic and environmental changes to the plateau uplift.Finally,we make comparisons between numerical simulations and geological records,discuss their uncertainties,and highlight some problems worthy of further studying.
基金Supported by the NSFC National Excellent Young Scientists Fund (Grant No. 40825008)National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB-720208)
文摘Geological climatic records and model simulations on the Asian summer monsoon climate change induced by insolation forcing of the Earth's precession are systematically reviewed in this paper.The presentation of the questions on the mechanism of the Asian monsoon evolution at the precession band,currently existing debates and future research directions are discussed.Since the early 1980s,more and more observed evidence and simulated results,especially the absolute-dated stalagmite records and orbital-scale transient model runs in the last few years,have indicated that the quasi-20ka period in the Quaternary monsoon climate change is caused by precession.However,debates still exist on the dynamic mechanism how precession affects the Asian monsoon.The "zero phase" hypothesis says that the Asian monsoon is merely controlled by summer insolation in the Northern Hemisphere(NH) while the "latent heat" hypothesis emphasizes the dominant effect of latent heat transport from the Southern Hemisphere(SH) besides the role of the northern insolation.The two hypotheses have separately been supported by some evidence.Although we are cognizant of the importance of northern solar radiation and the remote effect of southern insolation,it has still a long way to go before comprehensively understanding the evolutionary mechanism of the Asian monsoon.In view of the problems existing in present researches of monsoon-dominated climate change at the precession scale,we propose that studies on the environmental significance of geological monsoon proxies,feedback processes in the long-term transient simulations and intercomparisons between observations and modeling results should be strengthened in the future.
