AIM: To investigate the prognostic significance of c-Kitgen emutation and DNA ploidy in gastointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).METHODS: A total of 55 cases of GISTs were studied for the expression of c-Kit by immunohi...AIM: To investigate the prognostic significance of c-Kitgen emutation and DNA ploidy in gastointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).METHODS: A total of 55 cases of GISTs were studied for the expression of c-Kit by immunohistochemistry, and the c-Kit gene mutations in exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand confirmation polymarphism (PCR-SSCP) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (D-HPLC) techniques. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Of the 55 cases of GISTs, 53 cases (96.4%) expressed c-Kit protein. The c-Kit gene mutations of exons 11 and 9 were found in 30 (54.5%) and 7 cases (12.7%),respectively. No mutations were found in exons 13 and 17.DNA aneuploidy was seen in 10 cases (18.2%). The c-Kit mutation positive GISTs were larger in size than the negative GISTs. The aneuploidy tumors were statistically associated with large size, high mitotic counts, high risk groups, high cellularity and severe nuclear atypia, and epithelioid type.There was a tendency that c-Kit mutations were more frequently found in aneuploidy GISTs.CONCLUSION: DNA aneuploidy and c-Kit mutations can be considered as prognostic factors in GISTs.展开更多
The sine oculis homeobox homolog(SIX)family,a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain,plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis acro...The sine oculis homeobox homolog(SIX)family,a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain,plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis across various organisms,including humans.Comprising six distinct members,from SIX1 to SIX6,each member contributes uniquely to the development and differentiation of diverse tissues and organs,underscoring the versatility of the SIX family.Dysregulation or mutations in SIX genes have been implicated in a spectrum of developmental disorders,as well as in tumor initiation and progression,highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining normal developmental trajectories and cellular functions.Efforts to target the transcriptional complex of the SIX gene family have emerged as a promising strategy to inhibit tumor development.While the development of inhibitors targeting this gene family is still in its early stages,the significant potential of such interventions holds promise for future therapeutic advances.Therefore,this review aimed to comprehensively explore the advancements in understanding the SIX family within gastrointestinal cancers,focusing on its critical role in normal organ development and its implications in gastrointestinal cancers,including gastric,pancreatic,colorectal cancer,and hepatocellular carcinomas.In conclusion,this review deepened the understanding of the functional roles of the SIX family and explored the potential of utilizing this gene family for the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.Surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are defined as the main treatments but cannot ...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.Surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are defined as the main treatments but cannot cure patients with advanced GIST,which eventually develops into recurrence and acquired drug resistance.Therefore,it is necessary to identify prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for GISTs.CC chemokine receptor type 8(CCR8)protein participates in regulation of immune responses.Recent studies on CCR8 in nonsmall cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer showed that it was highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells and correlated with a poor prognosis.AIM To detect CCR8 expression in GIST tissues and analyze its relationships with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with GISTs.METHODS Tissue samples were used for the tissue microarrays construction.The microarrays were then subjected to immunohistochemical analyses to detect CCR8 expression.Next,Kaplan–Meier analysis was utilized to calculate the survival rate of patients with complete follow-up data,and the potential prognostic value of CCR8 was evaluated by Cox regression analysis.Finally,a Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes single-gene enrichment chart of CCR8 was constructed using the STRING database.RESULTS CCR8-positive signals were detected as brown or brown-yellow particles by immunohistochemistry located in the cytoplasm.Among 125 tissue samples,74 had CCR8 high expression and 51 had low or negative expression.Statistical analyses suggested CCR8 was significantly correlated with tumor size,mitotic index,AFIP-Miettinen risk classification and tumor location.Kaplan–Meier and multivariate analyses showed that patients with low or negative CCR8 expression,mitotic index<5/high-power fields(HPF)and tumor diameter<5 cm had a better prognosis.Based on the STRING database,CCR8 was significantly enriched in biological processes such as tumor immunity,T lymphocyte chemotaxis,migration and展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effect of Shenling Baizhu San combined with routine treatment on the clinical efficacy,gastrointestinal function protection,inflammatory response and immune function of children with bacteri...[Objectives]To explore the effect of Shenling Baizhu San combined with routine treatment on the clinical efficacy,gastrointestinal function protection,inflammatory response and immune function of children with bacterial pneumonia.[Methods]From July 2017 to January 2018,80 children with bacterial pneumonia were randomly selected and divided into observation group and control group with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine,while the observation group was treated with Shenling Baizhu San on the basis of conventional treatment,with a period of 10 d.Then,we compared the clinical efficacy,incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms,WBC,CRP,CD4+and CD8+levels between the two groups.[Results]The clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of WBC and CRP in the two groups decreased,especially in the observation group(P<0.05).After treatment,the level of CD4+in both groups increased significantly,while the level of CD8+decreased significantly,and the level of CD4+in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group after treatment.The incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).[Conclusions]Shenling Baizhu San can obviously improve the clinical effect of bacterial pneumonia in children and has the protective effect of gastrointestinal tract,and its mechanism may be related to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the prognostic significance of c-Kitgen emutation and DNA ploidy in gastointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).METHODS: A total of 55 cases of GISTs were studied for the expression of c-Kit by immunohistochemistry, and the c-Kit gene mutations in exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-single strand confirmation polymarphism (PCR-SSCP) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (D-HPLC) techniques. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Of the 55 cases of GISTs, 53 cases (96.4%) expressed c-Kit protein. The c-Kit gene mutations of exons 11 and 9 were found in 30 (54.5%) and 7 cases (12.7%),respectively. No mutations were found in exons 13 and 17.DNA aneuploidy was seen in 10 cases (18.2%). The c-Kit mutation positive GISTs were larger in size than the negative GISTs. The aneuploidy tumors were statistically associated with large size, high mitotic counts, high risk groups, high cellularity and severe nuclear atypia, and epithelioid type.There was a tendency that c-Kit mutations were more frequently found in aneuploidy GISTs.CONCLUSION: DNA aneuploidy and c-Kit mutations can be considered as prognostic factors in GISTs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82273457the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2023A1515012762 and No.2021A1515010846+1 种基金Special Grant for Key Area Programs of Guangdong Department of Education,No.2021ZDZX2040Science and Technology Special Project of Guangdong Province,No.210715216902829.
文摘The sine oculis homeobox homolog(SIX)family,a group of transcription factors characterized by a conserved DNA-binding homology domain,plays a critical role in orchestrating embryonic development and organogenesis across various organisms,including humans.Comprising six distinct members,from SIX1 to SIX6,each member contributes uniquely to the development and differentiation of diverse tissues and organs,underscoring the versatility of the SIX family.Dysregulation or mutations in SIX genes have been implicated in a spectrum of developmental disorders,as well as in tumor initiation and progression,highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining normal developmental trajectories and cellular functions.Efforts to target the transcriptional complex of the SIX gene family have emerged as a promising strategy to inhibit tumor development.While the development of inhibitors targeting this gene family is still in its early stages,the significant potential of such interventions holds promise for future therapeutic advances.Therefore,this review aimed to comprehensively explore the advancements in understanding the SIX family within gastrointestinal cancers,focusing on its critical role in normal organ development and its implications in gastrointestinal cancers,including gastric,pancreatic,colorectal cancer,and hepatocellular carcinomas.In conclusion,this review deepened the understanding of the functional roles of the SIX family and explored the potential of utilizing this gene family for the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.Surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are defined as the main treatments but cannot cure patients with advanced GIST,which eventually develops into recurrence and acquired drug resistance.Therefore,it is necessary to identify prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for GISTs.CC chemokine receptor type 8(CCR8)protein participates in regulation of immune responses.Recent studies on CCR8 in nonsmall cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer showed that it was highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells and correlated with a poor prognosis.AIM To detect CCR8 expression in GIST tissues and analyze its relationships with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with GISTs.METHODS Tissue samples were used for the tissue microarrays construction.The microarrays were then subjected to immunohistochemical analyses to detect CCR8 expression.Next,Kaplan–Meier analysis was utilized to calculate the survival rate of patients with complete follow-up data,and the potential prognostic value of CCR8 was evaluated by Cox regression analysis.Finally,a Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes single-gene enrichment chart of CCR8 was constructed using the STRING database.RESULTS CCR8-positive signals were detected as brown or brown-yellow particles by immunohistochemistry located in the cytoplasm.Among 125 tissue samples,74 had CCR8 high expression and 51 had low or negative expression.Statistical analyses suggested CCR8 was significantly correlated with tumor size,mitotic index,AFIP-Miettinen risk classification and tumor location.Kaplan–Meier and multivariate analyses showed that patients with low or negative CCR8 expression,mitotic index<5/high-power fields(HPF)and tumor diameter<5 cm had a better prognosis.Based on the STRING database,CCR8 was significantly enriched in biological processes such as tumor immunity,T lymphocyte chemotaxis,migration and
基金Major Medical and Health Project of Zhongshan Science and Technology Bureau(2016B1004).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effect of Shenling Baizhu San combined with routine treatment on the clinical efficacy,gastrointestinal function protection,inflammatory response and immune function of children with bacterial pneumonia.[Methods]From July 2017 to January 2018,80 children with bacterial pneumonia were randomly selected and divided into observation group and control group with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine,while the observation group was treated with Shenling Baizhu San on the basis of conventional treatment,with a period of 10 d.Then,we compared the clinical efficacy,incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms,WBC,CRP,CD4+and CD8+levels between the two groups.[Results]The clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of WBC and CRP in the two groups decreased,especially in the observation group(P<0.05).After treatment,the level of CD4+in both groups increased significantly,while the level of CD8+decreased significantly,and the level of CD4+in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group after treatment.The incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).[Conclusions]Shenling Baizhu San can obviously improve the clinical effect of bacterial pneumonia in children and has the protective effect of gastrointestinal tract,and its mechanism may be related to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
