[目的]明确唑嘧磺草胺苗前封闭处理对大豆苗期生长及其生理生化指标的影响。[方法]通过盆栽试验的方法,设置0(清水)、30、60、120、240、480 g a.i./hm^2共6个剂量处理,药后28 d测定大豆幼苗的相关农艺性状及各生理生化指标。[结果]唑...[目的]明确唑嘧磺草胺苗前封闭处理对大豆苗期生长及其生理生化指标的影响。[方法]通过盆栽试验的方法,设置0(清水)、30、60、120、240、480 g a.i./hm^2共6个剂量处理,药后28 d测定大豆幼苗的相关农艺性状及各生理生化指标。[结果]唑嘧磺草胺施用剂量为30~240 g a.i./hm^2时,大豆幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、茎叶干重与对照相比均无显著差异,根鲜重显著低于对照;大豆叶片叶绿素含量随唑嘧磺草胺剂量的增加而降低,但在30 g a.i./hm^2和60 g a.i./hm^2用量下与对照无显著差异;大豆叶片SOD和CAT活性在30~120 g a.i./hm^2处理下与对照无显著差异,POD活性在30 g a.i./hm^2处理下显著升高23.29%;在30~120 g a.i./hm^2用量下MDA含量略低于对照,但当用量达到480 g a.i./hm^2时显著升高30.63%。[结论]唑嘧磺草胺在30~60 g a.i./hm^2范围内对大豆幼苗生长无抑制作用,对大豆无药害,表现出良好的安全性。展开更多
2001～2002年进行了80%唑嘧磺草胺WG土壤残留12个月对后茬作物影响的田间小区试验。结果表明, 施用推荐量48 g a.i./hm2和2倍量96 g a.i./hm2,可以安全种植马铃薯、西瓜、高粱、西红柿和葱;施用3 倍量144 g a.i./hm2可以安全种植马铃薯...2001～2002年进行了80%唑嘧磺草胺WG土壤残留12个月对后茬作物影响的田间小区试验。结果表明, 施用推荐量48 g a.i./hm2和2倍量96 g a.i./hm2,可以安全种植马铃薯、西瓜、高粱、西红柿和葱;施用3 倍量144 g a.i./hm2可以安全种植马铃薯和西瓜,高粱、西红柿和葱有一定的药害,不能种植。48 g a.i./hm2 对较敏感作物向日葵和亚麻有轻微药害,最好不种植,对敏感作物甜菜、甘蓝和油菜有较重药害,不能种植;96、144 g a.i./hm2对向日葵、亚麻、甜菜、甘蓝和油菜药害严重,均不能种植。展开更多
The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in ...The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in soybean (Glycine max L.). Trials were conducted at two locations in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either five PRE or nine POST herbicides. Volunteer adzuki bean interference in soybean resulted in yield loss of up to 25%. Cloransulam-methyl, linuron, metribuzin, flumetsulam, and imazethapyr applied PRE provided up to 6, 24, 14, 8, and 0% control, respectively at 8 weeks after emergence (WAE), while acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr, and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied POST provided 2, 2, 5, 34, 6, 4, and 12% control, respectively at 8 weeks after application (WAA). Generally, with the aforementioned herbicides, soybean yield was equivalent to the weedy control and soybean grain contamination with adzuki bean seed was consistently above the 1% maximum threshold. Chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate applied POST provided up to 84 and 94% visual control at 8 WAA, respectively, decreased adzuki bean density, biomass, and seed production, and generally decreased soybean contamination with adzuki bean below the 1% threshold. The only herbicides evaluated in this study that controlled volunteer adzuki bean in soybean were chlorimuron-ethyl (9 g ai.ha-1) and glyphosate (900 g ai.ha-1) applied POST. All the other PRE and POST herbicides evaluated did not provide adequate control of volunteer adzuki bean in soybean.展开更多
本工作测定了商品化除草剂阔草清对大肠杆菌乙酰羟酸合成酶Ⅱ及其突变体的抑制常数.利用生物大分子的定量构效关系方法(MB-QSAR)建立了定量、可视的突变体性质与结构关系模型.实验数据与计算数据之间显示了良好的相关性:MB-QSAR/CoMFA(c...本工作测定了商品化除草剂阔草清对大肠杆菌乙酰羟酸合成酶Ⅱ及其突变体的抑制常数.利用生物大分子的定量构效关系方法(MB-QSAR)建立了定量、可视的突变体性质与结构关系模型.实验数据与计算数据之间显示了良好的相关性:MB-QSAR/CoMFA(comparative molecular field analysis)模型的交叉验证系数q^(2)=0.691,非交叉验证相关性系数r^(2)=0.947,外部预测能力r^(2)_(pred)=0.759;MB-QSAR/CoMSIA(comparative molecular similarity indices analysis)模型的相应值分别为0.625,0.960和0.619.模型的三维结构-性质关系图为突变体抗性提供了直观阐释,为抗性规避性农药的设计提供了有价值的信息.同时,该模型也在一定程度上显示了除草剂种属选择性的预测能力.展开更多
文摘[目的]明确唑嘧磺草胺苗前封闭处理对大豆苗期生长及其生理生化指标的影响。[方法]通过盆栽试验的方法,设置0(清水)、30、60、120、240、480 g a.i./hm^2共6个剂量处理,药后28 d测定大豆幼苗的相关农艺性状及各生理生化指标。[结果]唑嘧磺草胺施用剂量为30~240 g a.i./hm^2时,大豆幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、茎叶干重与对照相比均无显著差异,根鲜重显著低于对照;大豆叶片叶绿素含量随唑嘧磺草胺剂量的增加而降低,但在30 g a.i./hm^2和60 g a.i./hm^2用量下与对照无显著差异;大豆叶片SOD和CAT活性在30~120 g a.i./hm^2处理下与对照无显著差异,POD活性在30 g a.i./hm^2处理下显著升高23.29%;在30~120 g a.i./hm^2用量下MDA含量略低于对照,但当用量达到480 g a.i./hm^2时显著升高30.63%。[结论]唑嘧磺草胺在30~60 g a.i./hm^2范围内对大豆幼苗生长无抑制作用,对大豆无药害,表现出良好的安全性。
文摘2001～2002年进行了80%唑嘧磺草胺WG土壤残留12个月对后茬作物影响的田间小区试验。结果表明, 施用推荐量48 g a.i./hm2和2倍量96 g a.i./hm2,可以安全种植马铃薯、西瓜、高粱、西红柿和葱;施用3 倍量144 g a.i./hm2可以安全种植马铃薯和西瓜,高粱、西红柿和葱有一定的药害,不能种植。48 g a.i./hm2 对较敏感作物向日葵和亚麻有轻微药害,最好不种植,对敏感作物甜菜、甘蓝和油菜有较重药害,不能种植;96、144 g a.i./hm2对向日葵、亚麻、甜菜、甘蓝和油菜药害严重,均不能种植。
文摘The objective of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of various pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for the control of volunteer adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi) in soybean (Glycine max L.). Trials were conducted at two locations in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2009. Experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with either five PRE or nine POST herbicides. Volunteer adzuki bean interference in soybean resulted in yield loss of up to 25%. Cloransulam-methyl, linuron, metribuzin, flumetsulam, and imazethapyr applied PRE provided up to 6, 24, 14, 8, and 0% control, respectively at 8 weeks after emergence (WAE), while acifluorfen, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl, imazethapyr, and imazethapyr plus bentazon applied POST provided 2, 2, 5, 34, 6, 4, and 12% control, respectively at 8 weeks after application (WAA). Generally, with the aforementioned herbicides, soybean yield was equivalent to the weedy control and soybean grain contamination with adzuki bean seed was consistently above the 1% maximum threshold. Chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate applied POST provided up to 84 and 94% visual control at 8 WAA, respectively, decreased adzuki bean density, biomass, and seed production, and generally decreased soybean contamination with adzuki bean below the 1% threshold. The only herbicides evaluated in this study that controlled volunteer adzuki bean in soybean were chlorimuron-ethyl (9 g ai.ha-1) and glyphosate (900 g ai.ha-1) applied POST. All the other PRE and POST herbicides evaluated did not provide adequate control of volunteer adzuki bean in soybean.
文摘本工作测定了商品化除草剂阔草清对大肠杆菌乙酰羟酸合成酶Ⅱ及其突变体的抑制常数.利用生物大分子的定量构效关系方法(MB-QSAR)建立了定量、可视的突变体性质与结构关系模型.实验数据与计算数据之间显示了良好的相关性:MB-QSAR/CoMFA(comparative molecular field analysis)模型的交叉验证系数q^(2)=0.691,非交叉验证相关性系数r^(2)=0.947,外部预测能力r^(2)_(pred)=0.759;MB-QSAR/CoMSIA(comparative molecular similarity indices analysis)模型的相应值分别为0.625,0.960和0.619.模型的三维结构-性质关系图为突变体抗性提供了直观阐释,为抗性规避性农药的设计提供了有价值的信息.同时,该模型也在一定程度上显示了除草剂种属选择性的预测能力.
