Based on the analysis of the structure and properties of gardenia, the gardenia was extracted in neutral bath. The mordant dyeing of cotton, including pre-mordant, one-bath and post-mordant were studied, and the dyein...Based on the analysis of the structure and properties of gardenia, the gardenia was extracted in neutral bath. The mordant dyeing of cotton, including pre-mordant, one-bath and post-mordant were studied, and the dyeing properties such as dye K/S value and color fastness were investigated. According to the structure and property of mordants including alum, copper sulfate, iron sulfate and rare earth, the interaction mechanisms among gardenia, mordant and cotton fibers were analyzed and the processing factors affecting the mordant dyeing were discussed. As a result, gardenia showed favorable dyeing performance on cotton. The soaping color fastness and crocking fastness were improved by 0.5-1 grade after fixation process with the selected dye-fixing agent and optimized process conditions. The dyeing process and fixation process were optimized.展开更多
Sustainable nitrogen fixation driven by renewable energy sources under mild conditions has been widely sought to replace the industrial Haber-Bosch process.The fixation of nitrogen in the form of NO_(x)^(-)and NH_4^(+...Sustainable nitrogen fixation driven by renewable energy sources under mild conditions has been widely sought to replace the industrial Haber-Bosch process.The fixation of nitrogen in the form of NO_(x)^(-)and NH_4^(+)into aqueous solutions using electricity-driven gas-liquid discharge plasma is considered a promising prescription.In this paper,a scalable bubble discharge excited by nanosecond pulse power is employed for nitrogen fixation in the liquid phase.The nitrogen fixation performance and the mechanisms are analyzed by varying the power supply parameters,working gas flow rate and composition.The results show that an increase in voltage and frequency can result in an enhanced NO_(3)^(-)yield.Increases in the gas flow rate can result in inadequate activation of the working gas,which together with more inefficient mass transfer efficiencies can reduce the yield.The addition of O_(2) effectively elevates NO_(3)^(-)production while simultaneously inhibiting NH_4^(+) production.The addition of H_(2)O vapor increases the production of OH and H,thereby promoting the generation of reactive nitrogen and enhancing the yield of nitrogen fixation.However,the excessive addition of O_(2) and H_(2)O vapor results in negative effect on the yield of nitrogen fixation,due to the significant weakening of the discharge intensity.The optimal nitrogen fixation yield was up to 16.5 μmol/min,while the optimal energy consumption was approximately 21.3 MJ/mol in this study.Finally,the mechanism related to nitrogen fixation is discussed through the optical emission spectral(OES) information in conjunction with the simulation of energy loss paths in the plasma by BOLSIG+.The work advances knowledge of the effect of parameter variations on nitrogen fixation by gas-liquid discharge for higher yield and energy production.展开更多
Although lithium-sulfur batteries are considered one of the most potential next-generation energy storage systems owing to their high-energy density, the dissolution and shuttle of intermediate lithium polysulfides pr...Although lithium-sulfur batteries are considered one of the most potential next-generation energy storage systems owing to their high-energy density, the dissolution and shuttle of intermediate lithium polysulfides primarily limit their commercial applications. Currently, the search for new materials for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries has become a global research hotspot.MXenes, two dimensional inorganic compound comprising several layers of transition metal carbide, nitride, or car-bonitride,are actively investigated owing to their large specific surface area, good conductivity, and excellent cycle and rate performance.This article firstly reviews the breakthrough of MXenes in lithium-sulfur batteries, introduces the preparation methods and structural characteristics, and summarizes the specific applications and modification mechanisms in lithium-sulfur batteries.Then, the characteristics and advantages of MXenes as a composite electrode material for lithium-sulfur batteries are highlighted. Finally, the potential in future commercial applications is summarized.展开更多
文摘Based on the analysis of the structure and properties of gardenia, the gardenia was extracted in neutral bath. The mordant dyeing of cotton, including pre-mordant, one-bath and post-mordant were studied, and the dyeing properties such as dye K/S value and color fastness were investigated. According to the structure and property of mordants including alum, copper sulfate, iron sulfate and rare earth, the interaction mechanisms among gardenia, mordant and cotton fibers were analyzed and the processing factors affecting the mordant dyeing were discussed. As a result, gardenia showed favorable dyeing performance on cotton. The soaping color fastness and crocking fastness were improved by 0.5-1 grade after fixation process with the selected dye-fixing agent and optimized process conditions. The dyeing process and fixation process were optimized.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52277151 and 51907088)。
文摘Sustainable nitrogen fixation driven by renewable energy sources under mild conditions has been widely sought to replace the industrial Haber-Bosch process.The fixation of nitrogen in the form of NO_(x)^(-)and NH_4^(+)into aqueous solutions using electricity-driven gas-liquid discharge plasma is considered a promising prescription.In this paper,a scalable bubble discharge excited by nanosecond pulse power is employed for nitrogen fixation in the liquid phase.The nitrogen fixation performance and the mechanisms are analyzed by varying the power supply parameters,working gas flow rate and composition.The results show that an increase in voltage and frequency can result in an enhanced NO_(3)^(-)yield.Increases in the gas flow rate can result in inadequate activation of the working gas,which together with more inefficient mass transfer efficiencies can reduce the yield.The addition of O_(2) effectively elevates NO_(3)^(-)production while simultaneously inhibiting NH_4^(+) production.The addition of H_(2)O vapor increases the production of OH and H,thereby promoting the generation of reactive nitrogen and enhancing the yield of nitrogen fixation.However,the excessive addition of O_(2) and H_(2)O vapor results in negative effect on the yield of nitrogen fixation,due to the significant weakening of the discharge intensity.The optimal nitrogen fixation yield was up to 16.5 μmol/min,while the optimal energy consumption was approximately 21.3 MJ/mol in this study.Finally,the mechanism related to nitrogen fixation is discussed through the optical emission spectral(OES) information in conjunction with the simulation of energy loss paths in the plasma by BOLSIG+.The work advances knowledge of the effect of parameter variations on nitrogen fixation by gas-liquid discharge for higher yield and energy production.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 202001AU070079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 202101AW070006)+1 种基金the Basic Research Plan (Key Project) of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 202101BE070001-003)the University-level Project of Panzhihua College (Grant No.035000292)
文摘Although lithium-sulfur batteries are considered one of the most potential next-generation energy storage systems owing to their high-energy density, the dissolution and shuttle of intermediate lithium polysulfides primarily limit their commercial applications. Currently, the search for new materials for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries has become a global research hotspot.MXenes, two dimensional inorganic compound comprising several layers of transition metal carbide, nitride, or car-bonitride,are actively investigated owing to their large specific surface area, good conductivity, and excellent cycle and rate performance.This article firstly reviews the breakthrough of MXenes in lithium-sulfur batteries, introduces the preparation methods and structural characteristics, and summarizes the specific applications and modification mechanisms in lithium-sulfur batteries.Then, the characteristics and advantages of MXenes as a composite electrode material for lithium-sulfur batteries are highlighted. Finally, the potential in future commercial applications is summarized.
