Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome （SFTS） is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus （SFTSV）. SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Jap...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome （SFTS） is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus （SFTSV）. SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Japan. SFTSV undergoes rapid changes owing to evolution, gene mutations, and reassortment between different strains of SFTSV. In this review, we summarize the recent cases and general properties of SFTS, focusing on the epidemiology, genetic diversity, clinical features, and diagnostics of SFTSV in China. From 2010 to October 2016, SFTS cases were reported in 23 provinces of China, with increased numbers yearly. Infection and death cases are mainly found in central China, where the Haemaphysalis Iongicornis ticks are spread. The national average mortality rate of SFTS infection was 5.3%, with higher risk to elder people. The main epidemic period was from May to July, with a peak in May. Thus, SFTS reminds a significant public health problem, and development of prophylactic vaccines and effective antiviral drugs will be highly needed.展开更多
African swine fever virus(ASFV)has been circulating in China for more than two years,and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed.Here,we report on our surveillance of ASFVs in seven...African swine fever virus(ASFV)has been circulating in China for more than two years,and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed.Here,we report on our surveillance of ASFVs in seven provinces of China,from June to December,2020.A total of 22 viruses were isolated and characterized as genotype II ASFVs,with mutations,deletions,insertions,or short-fragment replacement occurring in all isolates compared with Pig/HLJ/2018(HLJ/18),the earliest isolate in China.Eleven isolates had four different types of natural mutations or deletion in the EP402R gene and displayed a nonhemadsorbing(non-HAD)phenotype.Four isolates were tested for virulence in pigs;two were found to be as highly lethal as HLJ/18.However,two non-HAD isolates showed lower virulence but were highly transmissible;infection with 106 TCID50 dose was partially lethal and caused acute or sub-acute disease,whereas 103 TCID50 dose caused non-lethal,sub-acute or chronic disease,and persistent infection.The emergence of lower virulent natural mutants brings greater difficulty to the early diagnosis of ASF and creates new challenges for ASFV control.展开更多
African swine fever(ASF)is an infectious transboundary disease of domestic pigs and wild boar and spreading throughout Eurasia.There is no vaccine and treatment available.Complex immune escape strategies of African sw...African swine fever(ASF)is an infectious transboundary disease of domestic pigs and wild boar and spreading throughout Eurasia.There is no vaccine and treatment available.Complex immune escape strategies of African swine fever virus(ASFV)are crucial factors affecting immune prevention and vaccine development.MGF360 genes have been implicated in the modulation of the IFN-Ⅰresponse.The molecular mechanisms contributing to innate immunity are poorly understood.In this study,we demonstrated that ASFV MGF360-12 L(MGF360 families 12 L protein)significantly inhibited the mRNA transcription and promoter activity of IFN-βand NF-κB,accompanied by decreases of IRF3,STING,TBK1,ISG54,ISG56 and AP-1 m RNA transcription.Also,MGF360-12 L might suppress the nuclear localization of p50 and p65 mediated by classical nuclear localization signal(NLS).Additionally,MGF360-12 L could interact with KPNA2,KPNA3,and KPNA4,which interrupted the interaction between p65 and KPNA2,KPNA3,KPNA4.We further found that MGF360-12 L could interfere with the NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively inhibiting the interaction between NF-κB and nuclear transport proteins.These findings suggested that MGF360-12 L could inhibit the IFN-Ⅰproduction by blocking the interaction of importinαand NF-κB signaling pathway,which might reveal a novel strategy for ASFV to escape the host innate immune response.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the China Mega-Project for Infectious Diseases (2012ZX10004207)the China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (S2012Y03)+1 种基金the key project of the Health Ministry of Hubei Province (JX5A06)the Hubei Provincial Outstanding Medical Academic Leader program
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome （SFTS） is an emerging infectious disease caused by SFTS virus （SFTSV）. SFTSV is associated with a high mortality rate and has been reported in China, South Korea and Japan. SFTSV undergoes rapid changes owing to evolution, gene mutations, and reassortment between different strains of SFTSV. In this review, we summarize the recent cases and general properties of SFTS, focusing on the epidemiology, genetic diversity, clinical features, and diagnostics of SFTSV in China. From 2010 to October 2016, SFTS cases were reported in 23 provinces of China, with increased numbers yearly. Infection and death cases are mainly found in central China, where the Haemaphysalis Iongicornis ticks are spread. The national average mortality rate of SFTS infection was 5.3%, with higher risk to elder people. The main epidemic period was from May to July, with a peak in May. Thus, SFTS reminds a significant public health problem, and development of prophylactic vaccines and effective antiviral drugs will be highly needed.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1200601)Applied Technology Research and Development Project of Heilongjiang Province(GA19B301)+2 种基金Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B020211004)the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Program(SKLVBP201801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31941002)。
文摘African swine fever virus(ASFV)has been circulating in China for more than two years,and it is not clear whether the biological properties of the virus have changed.Here,we report on our surveillance of ASFVs in seven provinces of China,from June to December,2020.A total of 22 viruses were isolated and characterized as genotype II ASFVs,with mutations,deletions,insertions,or short-fragment replacement occurring in all isolates compared with Pig/HLJ/2018(HLJ/18),the earliest isolate in China.Eleven isolates had four different types of natural mutations or deletion in the EP402R gene and displayed a nonhemadsorbing(non-HAD)phenotype.Four isolates were tested for virulence in pigs;two were found to be as highly lethal as HLJ/18.However,two non-HAD isolates showed lower virulence but were highly transmissible;infection with 106 TCID50 dose was partially lethal and caused acute or sub-acute disease,whereas 103 TCID50 dose caused non-lethal,sub-acute or chronic disease,and persistent infection.The emergence of lower virulent natural mutants brings greater difficulty to the early diagnosis of ASF and creates new challenges for ASFV control.
基金sponsored by National key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2017YFD0502301)National College Students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program(201910504017)。
文摘African swine fever(ASF)is an infectious transboundary disease of domestic pigs and wild boar and spreading throughout Eurasia.There is no vaccine and treatment available.Complex immune escape strategies of African swine fever virus(ASFV)are crucial factors affecting immune prevention and vaccine development.MGF360 genes have been implicated in the modulation of the IFN-Ⅰresponse.The molecular mechanisms contributing to innate immunity are poorly understood.In this study,we demonstrated that ASFV MGF360-12 L(MGF360 families 12 L protein)significantly inhibited the mRNA transcription and promoter activity of IFN-βand NF-κB,accompanied by decreases of IRF3,STING,TBK1,ISG54,ISG56 and AP-1 m RNA transcription.Also,MGF360-12 L might suppress the nuclear localization of p50 and p65 mediated by classical nuclear localization signal(NLS).Additionally,MGF360-12 L could interact with KPNA2,KPNA3,and KPNA4,which interrupted the interaction between p65 and KPNA2,KPNA3,KPNA4.We further found that MGF360-12 L could interfere with the NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively inhibiting the interaction between NF-κB and nuclear transport proteins.These findings suggested that MGF360-12 L could inhibit the IFN-Ⅰproduction by blocking the interaction of importinαand NF-κB signaling pathway,which might reveal a novel strategy for ASFV to escape the host innate immune response.
