Four different methods,namely mineralogical analysis,three-stage BCR sequential extraction procedure,dynamic leaching test and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index Method were used to access the environmental acti...Four different methods,namely mineralogical analysis,three-stage BCR sequential extraction procedure,dynamic leaching test and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index Method were used to access the environmental activity and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in zinc leaching residue.The results demonstrate that the environmental activity of heavy metals declines in the following order：CdZnCuAsPb.Potential ecological risk indices for single heavy metal are CdZnCuAsPb.Cd has serious potential ecological risk to the ecological environment and contributes most to the potential toxicity response indices for various heavy metals in the residue.展开更多
[目的]研究超声萃取芒果园土壤中多效唑残留量的毛细管气相色谱检测方法。[方法]采用超声波振荡从经丙酮浸泡的样品中提取多效唑,然后通过装有无水硫酸钠的带滤纸的漏斗过滤后,浓缩、定容,上气相色谱仪测定。利用正交试验确定了多效唑...[目的]研究超声萃取芒果园土壤中多效唑残留量的毛细管气相色谱检测方法。[方法]采用超声波振荡从经丙酮浸泡的样品中提取多效唑,然后通过装有无水硫酸钠的带滤纸的漏斗过滤后,浓缩、定容,上气相色谱仪测定。利用正交试验确定了多效唑的提取条件。以多效唑标准溶液的浓度为横坐标,峰面积为纵坐标,绘制线性关系曲线,对测定结果进行线性相关分析。[结果]正交试验表明,多效唑的最佳提取条件是：提取液用量为50 m l,浸提时间为24 h,超声时间为60 m in。标准曲线表明,线性关系良好。多效唑添加水平为0.064、0.128、0.256、1.000 mg/kg时,方法的回收率为96.3%～106.0%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.8%～5.7%,最低检出限为0.010mg/kg。[结论]采用该方法测定土壤中多效唑的残留量,操作简便、快捷、准确,达到了残留分析的要求。展开更多
本文对14 C 绿磺隆在 7种不同类型土壤中形成结合残留 ( 14 C ER)、可提态残留( 14 C ER)以及矿化为14 C CO2 的规律、影响14 C BR的主要因子及其在腐殖质中的分布规律等进行了研究。结果表明 :( 1 ) 14 C 绿磺隆在土壤中形成的14 C ER...本文对14 C 绿磺隆在 7种不同类型土壤中形成结合残留 ( 14 C ER)、可提态残留( 14 C ER)以及矿化为14 C CO2 的规律、影响14 C BR的主要因子及其在腐殖质中的分布规律等进行了研究。结果表明 :( 1 ) 14 C 绿磺隆在土壤中形成的14 C ER含量与土壤pH呈显著正相关 ,与土壤粘粒和有机质含量呈显著负相关 ,14 C ER中的绿磺隆母体化合物的消减满足一级反应动力学方程 ,其在 7种土壤中的半减期分别为 1 3 0～ 1 3 3 3d。pH是影响绿磺隆母体化合物降解的主要因子 ;( 2 ) 14 C 绿磺隆在 7种土壤中的14 C BR含量与土壤pH呈显著负相关 ,并与土壤粘粒含量呈显著正相关 ,土壤pH是14 C 绿磺隆在土壤中形成BR的主要影响因子 ;( 3 ) 14 C 绿磺隆形成的14 C BR主要分布在富啡酸和胡敏素中 ;14 C BR分布在胡敏酸中的相对百分比约为 2 % ,在14 C 绿磺隆BR的形成过程中 ,富啡酸的作用 >胡敏素 胡敏酸 ;( 4) 14 C 绿磺隆在 7种土壤中的14 C BR含量 ,在培养 2 0d内均随时间而快速增加 ,2 0d后变化量较小。 7种土壤中的14 C BR含量最大值分别占引入量的 53 5%、40 9%、3 7 8%、1 6 4%、42 5%、41 0 %和 3 1 3 % ;( 5)培养 90d内 ,14 C 绿磺隆通过三嗪杂环开环矿化为14 CO2 的量约占引入量的 4%～9% ,而土壤 1表明14展开更多
基金Project(50925417) supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar of ChinaProject(2010AA065203) supported by the High Technology Research and Development Program of China+2 种基金Project(2010-609) Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education,ChinaProject(ncet-10-0840) supported by Program for New Century Excellent Talents in UniversityProject(2012FJ1080) supported by Key Projects of Science and Technology of Hunan Province,China
文摘Four different methods,namely mineralogical analysis,three-stage BCR sequential extraction procedure,dynamic leaching test and Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Index Method were used to access the environmental activity and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in zinc leaching residue.The results demonstrate that the environmental activity of heavy metals declines in the following order：CdZnCuAsPb.Potential ecological risk indices for single heavy metal are CdZnCuAsPb.Cd has serious potential ecological risk to the ecological environment and contributes most to the potential toxicity response indices for various heavy metals in the residue.
文摘[目的]研究超声萃取芒果园土壤中多效唑残留量的毛细管气相色谱检测方法。[方法]采用超声波振荡从经丙酮浸泡的样品中提取多效唑,然后通过装有无水硫酸钠的带滤纸的漏斗过滤后,浓缩、定容,上气相色谱仪测定。利用正交试验确定了多效唑的提取条件。以多效唑标准溶液的浓度为横坐标,峰面积为纵坐标,绘制线性关系曲线,对测定结果进行线性相关分析。[结果]正交试验表明,多效唑的最佳提取条件是：提取液用量为50 m l,浸提时间为24 h,超声时间为60 m in。标准曲线表明,线性关系良好。多效唑添加水平为0.064、0.128、0.256、1.000 mg/kg时,方法的回收率为96.3%～106.0%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.8%～5.7%,最低检出限为0.010mg/kg。[结论]采用该方法测定土壤中多效唑的残留量,操作简便、快捷、准确,达到了残留分析的要求。
