This paper reviews the development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants,including extraction chemistry(thermodynamics and kinetics), separation process and industrial application, the loss...This paper reviews the development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants,including extraction chemistry(thermodynamics and kinetics), separation process and industrial application, the loss/degradation of extractants, etc.展开更多
Rare earths(REs) play a key role in high-tech fields and the associated thorium is a vital element for nuclear energy. However, to be used in high-tech industry or nuclear energy, these elements must first be recovere...Rare earths(REs) play a key role in high-tech fields and the associated thorium is a vital element for nuclear energy. However, to be used in high-tech industry or nuclear energy, these elements must first be recovered from the deposits and purified. As solvent extraction is the main technology for the recovery and purification of the metals, the review mainly presents our recent works on the extraction and separation of tetravalent cerium cation by neutral α-aminophosphonates, the individual rare earth separation by α-aminophosphonic acids, and the continuous preparation of high-purity thorium. The extraction and separation of some other metals are also discussed.展开更多
Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, ...Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2006CB403302)
文摘This paper reviews the development course of separating rare earths with acid phosphorus extractants,including extraction chemistry(thermodynamics and kinetics), separation process and industrial application, the loss/degradation of extractants, etc.
基金supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Program)(Grant No.2012CBA01206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21521092,51222404)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(Grant No.XDA02030100)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization(Grant No.RERU2017019)
文摘Rare earths(REs) play a key role in high-tech fields and the associated thorium is a vital element for nuclear energy. However, to be used in high-tech industry or nuclear energy, these elements must first be recovered from the deposits and purified. As solvent extraction is the main technology for the recovery and purification of the metals, the review mainly presents our recent works on the extraction and separation of tetravalent cerium cation by neutral α-aminophosphonates, the individual rare earth separation by α-aminophosphonic acids, and the continuous preparation of high-purity thorium. The extraction and separation of some other metals are also discussed.
文摘Knowledge about heavy metal release from industrial solid wastes(ISWs) is crucial for better management of their environmental risks. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic acids, clay minerals, and nanoparticles(NPs) on the release of heavy metals from sugar factory waste, ceramic factory waste, leather factory waste, and stone cutting waste. The influence of the extractants on heavy metal release from these ISWs was in the following descending order: citric acid > oxalic acid > nitric acid≥ sulfuric acid > Ca Cl2. Addition of clay minerals and NPs as adsorbents decreased heavy metal release, which was significantly lower in NP-treated wastes than in the clay mineral-treated wastes. On the other hand, the presence of organic and inorganic acids increased heavy metal adsorption by NPs and clay minerals. These results suggest that NPs can be applied successfully in waste remediation,and organic and inorganic acids play an important role in the removal of heavy metals from the studied adsorbents.
