在构建包含停车换乘（P＆R：park and ride）接驳方式的出行方式选择NL（nested logit）模型的基础上,分析了停车票价对P＆R出行比例的影响,建立了停车费用与P＆R停车设施使用人数间的关系模型.从改善P＆R停车场运营角度出发,针对P＆R...在构建包含停车换乘（P＆R：park and ride）接驳方式的出行方式选择NL（nested logit）模型的基础上,分析了停车票价对P＆R出行比例的影响,建立了停车费用与P＆R停车设施使用人数间的关系模型.从改善P＆R停车场运营角度出发,针对P＆R停车场的供需情况,分别提出以停车场季利用率最大化和停车场收益最大化为优化目标的P＆R设施定价优化策略,以及停车场未来的建设及运营建议.选取天通苑北站P＆R停车场为例进行案例分析,结合其运营现状对该停车设施的定价进行优化.研究结果可针对已运营的停车换乘设施存在的供过于求或供不应求问题,从设施定价的角度提出相应的运营改善建议.展开更多
The effects of human activities on climate change are a significant area of research in the field of global environmental change.Land use and land cover change(LUCC)has a greater effect on climate than greenhouse gase...The effects of human activities on climate change are a significant area of research in the field of global environmental change.Land use and land cover change(LUCC)has a greater effect on climate than greenhouse gases,and the effect of farmland expansion on regional drought is particularly important.From the 1910s to the 2010s,cultivated land in Songnen Plain increased by 2.67 times,the area of cultivated land increased from 4.92×10^4 km^2 to 13.14×10^4 km^2,and its percentage of all land increased from 25%to 70%.This provides an opportunity to study the effects of the conversion of natural grassland to farmland on climate.In this study,the drought indices in Songnen Plain were evaluated from the 1910s to the 2010s,and the effect of farmland expansion on drought was investigated using statistical methods and the Weather Research and Forecasting Model based on UK’s Climatic Research Unit data.The resulting dryness index,Palmer drought severity index,and standardized precipitation index values indicated a significant drying trend in the study area from 1981 to 2010.This trend can be attributed to increases in maximum temperature and diurnal temperature range,which increased the degree of drought.Based on statistical analysis and simulation,the maximum temperature,diurnal temperature range,and sensible heat flux increased during the growing season in Songnen Plain over the past 100 years,while the minimum temperature and latent heat flux decreased.The findings indicate that farmland expansion caused a drying trend in Songnen Plain during the study period.展开更多
文摘在构建包含停车换乘（P＆R：park and ride）接驳方式的出行方式选择NL（nested logit）模型的基础上,分析了停车票价对P＆R出行比例的影响,建立了停车费用与P＆R停车设施使用人数间的关系模型.从改善P＆R停车场运营角度出发,针对P＆R停车场的供需情况,分别提出以停车场季利用率最大化和停车场收益最大化为优化目标的P＆R设施定价优化策略,以及停车场未来的建设及运营建议.选取天通苑北站P＆R停车场为例进行案例分析,结合其运营现状对该停车设施的定价进行优化.研究结果可针对已运营的停车换乘设施存在的供过于求或供不应求问题,从设施定价的角度提出相应的运营改善建议.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41771067Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,No.D2018007。
文摘The effects of human activities on climate change are a significant area of research in the field of global environmental change.Land use and land cover change(LUCC)has a greater effect on climate than greenhouse gases,and the effect of farmland expansion on regional drought is particularly important.From the 1910s to the 2010s,cultivated land in Songnen Plain increased by 2.67 times,the area of cultivated land increased from 4.92×10^4 km^2 to 13.14×10^4 km^2,and its percentage of all land increased from 25%to 70%.This provides an opportunity to study the effects of the conversion of natural grassland to farmland on climate.In this study,the drought indices in Songnen Plain were evaluated from the 1910s to the 2010s,and the effect of farmland expansion on drought was investigated using statistical methods and the Weather Research and Forecasting Model based on UK’s Climatic Research Unit data.The resulting dryness index,Palmer drought severity index,and standardized precipitation index values indicated a significant drying trend in the study area from 1981 to 2010.This trend can be attributed to increases in maximum temperature and diurnal temperature range,which increased the degree of drought.Based on statistical analysis and simulation,the maximum temperature,diurnal temperature range,and sensible heat flux increased during the growing season in Songnen Plain over the past 100 years,while the minimum temperature and latent heat flux decreased.The findings indicate that farmland expansion caused a drying trend in Songnen Plain during the study period.
