目的应用静息态功能磁共振(resting state function magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI)观察高压氧治疗(hyperbaric oxygen therapy,HBOT)对改善创伤性颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)患者执行功能(executive function,EF)的作...目的应用静息态功能磁共振(resting state function magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI)观察高压氧治疗(hyperbaric oxygen therapy,HBOT)对改善创伤性颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)患者执行功能(executive function,EF)的作用。方法选取50例TBI后EF障碍患者,按照数字表法随机分为HBO组(n=25)和对照组(n=25),对照组接受常规基础治疗及EF康复训练,HBO组在对照组治疗的基础上加用HBO治疗,HBOT压力0.2 MPa,105 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周,共20次。所有受试者在治疗前后均应用画钟测验、中文版Stroop色词测验、韦氏成人智力量表相似性评分测验EF,同时采用rs-fMRI技术结合ReHo、ALFF分析方法,观察HBOT对TBI患者的大脑各区域代谢活动的强度、局部脑区神经元细胞同步性以及协调性改变情况,分析影像学数据与神经心理学量表评估结果的相关性。结果干预后2组间比较,HBO组Stroop-A耗时、Stroop-C耗时与正确阅读数及干扰效应评分改善程度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同干预后,2组TBI患者共同脑区在顶上小叶ALFF值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析发现,HBO组差异脑区顶上小叶与干扰时间呈正相关(P<0.05)。HBO组差异脑区额中回与卡片A的正确阅读数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论EF康复训练、HBO联合EF康复训练均能不同程度地改善TBI患者的EF;HBO联合EF康复训练对改善TBI患者的EF效果更好;HBOT改善TBI患者EF可能是通过调节额中回、顶上小叶脑区的自发活动及局部一致性而实现的。展开更多
This study utilized a longitudinal design to examine the relationships between the specific components of executive function(EF)and the internalizing and externalizing behavior across different genders and contexts in...This study utilized a longitudinal design to examine the relationships between the specific components of executive function(EF)and the internalizing and externalizing behavior across different genders and contexts in Chinese cultural background.Inhibition,cognitive flexibility,and working memory of EF based on 101 preschool children’s(48 boys and 53 girls)(M_(T1)=4.25,SD=0.76)performances were measured when completing tasks in NIH Toolbox.Twelve months later,boys’and girls’internalizing and externalizing behavior in home-and school-settings was assessed through mother’s feedback on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and teachers’reports of the Child Behavior Rating Scale.The results show that boys’inhibition,cognitive flexibility,and working memory negatively predict their externalizing behavior in the home context,while their cognitive flexibility negatively predicts externalizing behavior in the school context.Additionally,boys’inhibition positively predicts their internalizing behavior only in the school context.For girls,their cognitive flexibility positively predicts externalizing behavior only in the school context.No significant relationship is found among the girls between EF and problem behavior in the home context.These findings suggest that gender differences and a shift in contexts could alternate the relationship between EF and children’s problem behavior.This study sheds light on targeted preventions and interventions based on contexts and gender.展开更多
Executive function （EF） is increasingly recognized as being responsible for adverse developmental outcomes in preterm-born infants. Several perinatal factors may lead to poor EF development in infancy, and the defic...Executive function （EF） is increasingly recognized as being responsible for adverse developmental outcomes in preterm-born infants. Several perinatal factors may lead to poor EF development in infancy, and the deficits in EF can be identified in infants as young as eight months. A prospective cohort study was designed to study the EF in Chinese preterm infants and examine the relationship between EF in preterm infants and maternal factors during perinatal period. A total of 88 preterm infants and 88 full-term infants were followed from birth to eight months （corrected age）. Cup Task and Planning Test was applied to assess the EF of infants, and the Bayley Scale of Infant Development （BSID-III） was used to evaluate cognitive （MDI） and motor abilities （PDI） of infants. In comparison with full-term infants, the preterm infants performed more poorly on all measures of EF including working memory, inhibition to prepotent responses, inhibition to distraction, and planning, and the differences remained after controlling the MDI and PDI. Anemia and selenium deficiency in mothers during pregnancy contributed to the differences in EF performance. However, maternal depression, hypertension, and diabetes during pregnancy were not related to the EF deficits in preterm infants. Future research should focus on the prevention of anemia and selenium deficiency during pregnancy and whether supplementing selenium in mothers during pregnancy can prevent further deterioration and the development of adverse outcomes of their offspring.展开更多
文摘目的应用静息态功能磁共振(resting state function magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI)观察高压氧治疗(hyperbaric oxygen therapy,HBOT)对改善创伤性颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)患者执行功能(executive function,EF)的作用。方法选取50例TBI后EF障碍患者,按照数字表法随机分为HBO组(n=25)和对照组(n=25),对照组接受常规基础治疗及EF康复训练,HBO组在对照组治疗的基础上加用HBO治疗,HBOT压力0.2 MPa,105 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周,共20次。所有受试者在治疗前后均应用画钟测验、中文版Stroop色词测验、韦氏成人智力量表相似性评分测验EF,同时采用rs-fMRI技术结合ReHo、ALFF分析方法,观察HBOT对TBI患者的大脑各区域代谢活动的强度、局部脑区神经元细胞同步性以及协调性改变情况,分析影像学数据与神经心理学量表评估结果的相关性。结果干预后2组间比较,HBO组Stroop-A耗时、Stroop-C耗时与正确阅读数及干扰效应评分改善程度明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同干预后,2组TBI患者共同脑区在顶上小叶ALFF值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析发现,HBO组差异脑区顶上小叶与干扰时间呈正相关(P<0.05)。HBO组差异脑区额中回与卡片A的正确阅读数呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论EF康复训练、HBO联合EF康复训练均能不同程度地改善TBI患者的EF;HBO联合EF康复训练对改善TBI患者的EF效果更好;HBOT改善TBI患者EF可能是通过调节额中回、顶上小叶脑区的自发活动及局部一致性而实现的。
基金funded by the general program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Cumulative Risks and Internalizing Behavior of School-Age Children:A Systematic Perspective Based on Gene,Environment,Brain,and Cognition”(No.32171069).
文摘This study utilized a longitudinal design to examine the relationships between the specific components of executive function(EF)and the internalizing and externalizing behavior across different genders and contexts in Chinese cultural background.Inhibition,cognitive flexibility,and working memory of EF based on 101 preschool children’s(48 boys and 53 girls)(M_(T1)=4.25,SD=0.76)performances were measured when completing tasks in NIH Toolbox.Twelve months later,boys’and girls’internalizing and externalizing behavior in home-and school-settings was assessed through mother’s feedback on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and teachers’reports of the Child Behavior Rating Scale.The results show that boys’inhibition,cognitive flexibility,and working memory negatively predict their externalizing behavior in the home context,while their cognitive flexibility negatively predicts externalizing behavior in the school context.Additionally,boys’inhibition positively predicts their internalizing behavior only in the school context.For girls,their cognitive flexibility positively predicts externalizing behavior only in the school context.No significant relationship is found among the girls between EF and problem behavior in the home context.These findings suggest that gender differences and a shift in contexts could alternate the relationship between EF and children’s problem behavior.This study sheds light on targeted preventions and interventions based on contexts and gender.
文摘Executive function （EF） is increasingly recognized as being responsible for adverse developmental outcomes in preterm-born infants. Several perinatal factors may lead to poor EF development in infancy, and the deficits in EF can be identified in infants as young as eight months. A prospective cohort study was designed to study the EF in Chinese preterm infants and examine the relationship between EF in preterm infants and maternal factors during perinatal period. A total of 88 preterm infants and 88 full-term infants were followed from birth to eight months （corrected age）. Cup Task and Planning Test was applied to assess the EF of infants, and the Bayley Scale of Infant Development （BSID-III） was used to evaluate cognitive （MDI） and motor abilities （PDI） of infants. In comparison with full-term infants, the preterm infants performed more poorly on all measures of EF including working memory, inhibition to prepotent responses, inhibition to distraction, and planning, and the differences remained after controlling the MDI and PDI. Anemia and selenium deficiency in mothers during pregnancy contributed to the differences in EF performance. However, maternal depression, hypertension, and diabetes during pregnancy were not related to the EF deficits in preterm infants. Future research should focus on the prevention of anemia and selenium deficiency during pregnancy and whether supplementing selenium in mothers during pregnancy can prevent further deterioration and the development of adverse outcomes of their offspring.
