Objective:To evaluate toxic activities of essential oils obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula stoechas against the fourth larval instars of Orgyia trigotephras.Methods:A total of 1 200 larvae were divide...Objective:To evaluate toxic activities of essential oils obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula stoechas against the fourth larval instars of Orgyia trigotephras.Methods:A total of 1 200 larvae were divided into three groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.Group Ⅰ was to investigate the effect of extracted essential oils from these aromatic plants as gastric disturbance.Bacillus thuringiensis and ethanol were used as control group.Group Ⅱ was used as contact action and Group Ⅲ was used as fumigant action.Oecis and ethanol were used as control group.During the three experiments,the effect of essential oils on larvae was assessed.Results:The chemical composition of essential oils from two medicinal plants was determined and,their insecticidal effects on the fourth larval slate of Orgyia trigotephras were assessed.The two simples presented an insecticidal activity,nevertheless Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was less efficient compared to Lavandula stoechas one are discussed.Conclusions:The relationship between the chemical composition and the biologieal activities is confirmed by the present findings.Therefore the potential uses of these essential oils as bioinsecticides can he considered as an alternative to the use of synthetic products.展开更多
Essential tremor, also referred to as familial tremor, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease and the most common movement disorder. It typically involves a postural and motor tremor of the hands, head or other part...Essential tremor, also referred to as familial tremor, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease and the most common movement disorder. It typically involves a postural and motor tremor of the hands, head or other part of the body. Essential tremor is driven by a central oscillation signal in the brain. However, the corticospinal mechanisms involved in the generation of essential tremor are unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used a neural computational model that includes both monosynaptic and multisynaptic corticospinal pathways interacting with a propriospinal neuronal network. A virtual arm model is driven by the central oscillation signal to simulate tremor activity behavior. Cortical descending commands are classified as alpha or gamma through monosynaptic or multisynaptic corticospinal pathways, which converge respectively on alpha or gamma motoneurons in the spinal cord. Several scenarios are evaluated based on the central oscillation signal passing down to the spinal motoneurons via each descending pathway. The simulated behaviors are compared with clinical essential tremor characteristics to identify the corticospinal pathways responsible for transmitting the central oscillation signal. A propriospinal neuron with strong cortical inhibition performs a gating function in the generation of essential tremor. Our results indicate that the propriospinal neuronal network is essential for relaying the central oscillation signal and the production of essential tremor.展开更多
目的探讨冠心病合并高血压患者血压控制程度对动脉弹性功能的影响。方法选择经过冠状动脉造影证实的冠心病合并高血压患者46例,全部患者均经过降压药物治疗。根据血压水平将患者分为2组,其中23例为血压控制不良组(收缩压≥140 mm Hg或...目的探讨冠心病合并高血压患者血压控制程度对动脉弹性功能的影响。方法选择经过冠状动脉造影证实的冠心病合并高血压患者46例,全部患者均经过降压药物治疗。根据血压水平将患者分为2组,其中23例为血压控制不良组(收缩压≥140 mm Hg或舒张压≥90 mm Hg),另23例为血压控制良好组(收缩压<140 mm Hg且舒张压<90 mm Hg)作为配对(1∶1)。对2组患者血压、血管弹性功能[颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(cfPWV),系统血管顺应性(SVC)、肱动脉扩张性(BAD)、系统血管阻力(SVR)]进行测定和分析。结果 (1)在血压控制良好组cfPWV(m/s)明显低于控制不良组(10.38±1.73比12.83±3.13,P<0.01)。(2)血压控制良好组的SVC(ml/mm Hg)、BAD(%/mm Hg)与血压控制不良组相比增高(1.16±0.23比0.94±0.17,6.01±0.98比4.63±0.71,均为P<0.01)。(3)cfPWV与年龄、收缩压、脉压正相关,相关系数r分别为0.374、0.416、0.507。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,cfPWV=4.796+0.099×脉压,即cfPWV与脉压成线性关系,提示收缩压及脉压增大加重患者的大动脉功能减退。结论冠心病合并高血压患者存在血管弹性功能异常,并与血压控制不良直接相关。血压控制良好的患者SVC、BAD、cfPWV均有改善,冠心病合并高血压患者需要良好的血压控制。展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate toxic activities of essential oils obtained from Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula stoechas against the fourth larval instars of Orgyia trigotephras.Methods:A total of 1 200 larvae were divided into three groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ.Group Ⅰ was to investigate the effect of extracted essential oils from these aromatic plants as gastric disturbance.Bacillus thuringiensis and ethanol were used as control group.Group Ⅱ was used as contact action and Group Ⅲ was used as fumigant action.Oecis and ethanol were used as control group.During the three experiments,the effect of essential oils on larvae was assessed.Results:The chemical composition of essential oils from two medicinal plants was determined and,their insecticidal effects on the fourth larval slate of Orgyia trigotephras were assessed.The two simples presented an insecticidal activity,nevertheless Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was less efficient compared to Lavandula stoechas one are discussed.Conclusions:The relationship between the chemical composition and the biologieal activities is confirmed by the present findings.Therefore the potential uses of these essential oils as bioinsecticides can he considered as an alternative to the use of synthetic products.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.61361160415,81271684,81501570the Major State Basic Research Development of China(973 Program),No.2011CB013304+1 种基金the Medicine-Engineering Interdisciplinary Research Grant from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China,No.YG2014ZD09a grant from the Youth Eastern Scholar Program at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning in China,No.QD2015007
文摘Essential tremor, also referred to as familial tremor, is an autosomal dominant genetic disease and the most common movement disorder. It typically involves a postural and motor tremor of the hands, head or other part of the body. Essential tremor is driven by a central oscillation signal in the brain. However, the corticospinal mechanisms involved in the generation of essential tremor are unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used a neural computational model that includes both monosynaptic and multisynaptic corticospinal pathways interacting with a propriospinal neuronal network. A virtual arm model is driven by the central oscillation signal to simulate tremor activity behavior. Cortical descending commands are classified as alpha or gamma through monosynaptic or multisynaptic corticospinal pathways, which converge respectively on alpha or gamma motoneurons in the spinal cord. Several scenarios are evaluated based on the central oscillation signal passing down to the spinal motoneurons via each descending pathway. The simulated behaviors are compared with clinical essential tremor characteristics to identify the corticospinal pathways responsible for transmitting the central oscillation signal. A propriospinal neuron with strong cortical inhibition performs a gating function in the generation of essential tremor. Our results indicate that the propriospinal neuronal network is essential for relaying the central oscillation signal and the production of essential tremor.
文摘目的探讨冠心病合并高血压患者血压控制程度对动脉弹性功能的影响。方法选择经过冠状动脉造影证实的冠心病合并高血压患者46例,全部患者均经过降压药物治疗。根据血压水平将患者分为2组,其中23例为血压控制不良组(收缩压≥140 mm Hg或舒张压≥90 mm Hg),另23例为血压控制良好组(收缩压<140 mm Hg且舒张压<90 mm Hg)作为配对(1∶1)。对2组患者血压、血管弹性功能[颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(cfPWV),系统血管顺应性(SVC)、肱动脉扩张性(BAD)、系统血管阻力(SVR)]进行测定和分析。结果 (1)在血压控制良好组cfPWV(m/s)明显低于控制不良组(10.38±1.73比12.83±3.13,P<0.01)。(2)血压控制良好组的SVC(ml/mm Hg)、BAD(%/mm Hg)与血压控制不良组相比增高(1.16±0.23比0.94±0.17,6.01±0.98比4.63±0.71,均为P<0.01)。(3)cfPWV与年龄、收缩压、脉压正相关,相关系数r分别为0.374、0.416、0.507。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,cfPWV=4.796+0.099×脉压,即cfPWV与脉压成线性关系,提示收缩压及脉压增大加重患者的大动脉功能减退。结论冠心病合并高血压患者存在血管弹性功能异常,并与血压控制不良直接相关。血压控制良好的患者SVC、BAD、cfPWV均有改善,冠心病合并高血压患者需要良好的血压控制。
