Three groups of dynamic triaxial tests were performed for saturated Nanjing fine sand subjected to uniform cyclic loading. The tested curves of the excess pore water pressure （EPWP） ratio variation with the ratio of...Three groups of dynamic triaxial tests were performed for saturated Nanjing fine sand subjected to uniform cyclic loading. The tested curves of the excess pore water pressure （EPWP） ratio variation with the ratio of the number of cycles are provided. The concept of the EPWP increment ratio is introduced and two new concepts of the effective dynamic shear stress ratio and the log decrement of effective stress are defined. It is found that the development of the EPWP increment ratio can be divided into three stages： descending, stable and ascending. Furthermore, at the stable and ascending stages, a satisfactory linear relationship is obtained between the accumulative EPWP increment ratio and natural logarithm of the effective dynamic shear stress ratio. Accordingly, the EPWP increment ratio at the number of cycles N has been deduced that is proportional to the log decrement of effective stress at the cycle number N-l, but is independent of the cyclic stress amplitude. Based on the analysis, a new EPWP increment model for saturated Nanjing fine sand is developed from tested data fitting, which provides a better prediction of the curves of EPWP generation, the number of cycles required for initial liquefaction and the liquefaction resistance.展开更多
2014年8月跨越六盘山东麓断裂带,在长度约为200公里的剖面上展开了流动重力/GPS联合剖面观测.观测结果表明,测线东端的布格重力异常约为-190 m Gal(10^(-5)ms^(-2)),西端则为-250 m Gal左右.在假设地壳均一的前提下,基于Airy均衡模型,...2014年8月跨越六盘山东麓断裂带,在长度约为200公里的剖面上展开了流动重力/GPS联合剖面观测.观测结果表明,测线东端的布格重力异常约为-190 m Gal(10^(-5)ms^(-2)),西端则为-250 m Gal左右.在假设地壳均一的前提下,基于Airy均衡模型,利用布格重力异常和GPS观测数据,分别计算了测线所在剖面的莫霍面深度与均衡面深度,发现六盘山地区处于正均衡异常状态.使用布格重力异常数据反演六盘山地区的地壳密度结构,并据此地壳分层结构,计算了六盘山地区均衡面与莫霍面深度,对比显示该区域亦处于均衡正异常状态.为了确定青藏高原东北缘岩石圈有效弹性厚度和六盘山隆升机制,我们利用EMG2008自由空气异常和SRTM V18.1 DEM数据,使用自由空气重力异常导纳方法,研究了以六盘山地区为中心的青藏高原东北缘岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)和加载机制,发现六盘山地区的Te为5 km,岩石圈加载主要来自于地表,占总加载的95%.最后,对比六盘山地区Airy均衡异常与弹性板均衡异常,发现六盘山东麓断层处地壳承载梯度值最大,表明该断裂带吸收了较多的应变能.展开更多
The dynamic effective shear strength of saturated sand under cyclic loading is discussed in this paper.The discussion includes the transient time depen- dency behaviors based on the analysis of the results obtained in...The dynamic effective shear strength of saturated sand under cyclic loading is discussed in this paper.The discussion includes the transient time depen- dency behaviors based on the analysis of the results obtained in conventional cyclic triaxial tests and cyclic torsional shear triaxial tests.It has been found that the dy- namic effective shear strength is composed of effective frictional resistance and viscous resistance,which are characterized by the strain rate dependent feature of strength magnitude,the coupling of consolidation stress with cyclic stress and the dependency of time needed to make the soil strength sufficiently mobilized,and can also be ex- pressed by the extended Mohr-Coulomb's law.The two strength parameters of the dynamic effective internal frictional angle φd and the dynamic viscosity coefficient η are determined.The former is unvaried for different number of cyclic loading,dy- namic stress form and consolidation stress ratio.And the later is unvaried for the different dynamic shear strain rate γt developed during the sand liquefaction,but increases with the increase of initial density of sand.The generalization of dynamic effective stress strength criterion in the 3-dimensional effective stress space is studied in detail for the purpose of its practical use.展开更多
基金Key Research Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.90715018National Basic Research Program of China Under Grant No.2007CB714200the Special Fund for the Commonweal Industry of China Under Grant No.200808022
文摘Three groups of dynamic triaxial tests were performed for saturated Nanjing fine sand subjected to uniform cyclic loading. The tested curves of the excess pore water pressure （EPWP） ratio variation with the ratio of the number of cycles are provided. The concept of the EPWP increment ratio is introduced and two new concepts of the effective dynamic shear stress ratio and the log decrement of effective stress are defined. It is found that the development of the EPWP increment ratio can be divided into three stages： descending, stable and ascending. Furthermore, at the stable and ascending stages, a satisfactory linear relationship is obtained between the accumulative EPWP increment ratio and natural logarithm of the effective dynamic shear stress ratio. Accordingly, the EPWP increment ratio at the number of cycles N has been deduced that is proportional to the log decrement of effective stress at the cycle number N-l, but is independent of the cyclic stress amplitude. Based on the analysis, a new EPWP increment model for saturated Nanjing fine sand is developed from tested data fitting, which provides a better prediction of the curves of EPWP generation, the number of cycles required for initial liquefaction and the liquefaction resistance.
文摘2014年8月跨越六盘山东麓断裂带,在长度约为200公里的剖面上展开了流动重力/GPS联合剖面观测.观测结果表明,测线东端的布格重力异常约为-190 m Gal(10^(-5)ms^(-2)),西端则为-250 m Gal左右.在假设地壳均一的前提下,基于Airy均衡模型,利用布格重力异常和GPS观测数据,分别计算了测线所在剖面的莫霍面深度与均衡面深度,发现六盘山地区处于正均衡异常状态.使用布格重力异常数据反演六盘山地区的地壳密度结构,并据此地壳分层结构,计算了六盘山地区均衡面与莫霍面深度,对比显示该区域亦处于均衡正异常状态.为了确定青藏高原东北缘岩石圈有效弹性厚度和六盘山隆升机制,我们利用EMG2008自由空气异常和SRTM V18.1 DEM数据,使用自由空气重力异常导纳方法,研究了以六盘山地区为中心的青藏高原东北缘岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)和加载机制,发现六盘山地区的Te为5 km,岩石圈加载主要来自于地表,占总加载的95%.最后,对比六盘山地区Airy均衡异常与弹性板均衡异常,发现六盘山东麓断层处地壳承载梯度值最大,表明该断裂带吸收了较多的应变能.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172070)
文摘The dynamic effective shear strength of saturated sand under cyclic loading is discussed in this paper.The discussion includes the transient time depen- dency behaviors based on the analysis of the results obtained in conventional cyclic triaxial tests and cyclic torsional shear triaxial tests.It has been found that the dy- namic effective shear strength is composed of effective frictional resistance and viscous resistance,which are characterized by the strain rate dependent feature of strength magnitude,the coupling of consolidation stress with cyclic stress and the dependency of time needed to make the soil strength sufficiently mobilized,and can also be ex- pressed by the extended Mohr-Coulomb's law.The two strength parameters of the dynamic effective internal frictional angle φd and the dynamic viscosity coefficient η are determined.The former is unvaried for different number of cyclic loading,dy- namic stress form and consolidation stress ratio.And the later is unvaried for the different dynamic shear strain rate γt developed during the sand liquefaction,but increases with the increase of initial density of sand.The generalization of dynamic effective stress strength criterion in the 3-dimensional effective stress space is studied in detail for the purpose of its practical use.
