Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS) are used to implement a control mechanism over a wireless network that is capable of carrying real-time traffic. This field has drawn enormous attention from current researche...Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS) are used to implement a control mechanism over a wireless network that is capable of carrying real-time traffic. This field has drawn enormous attention from current researchers because of its flexibility and robustness. However, designing efficient WNCS over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is still a challenging topic because of its less-predictable aspects, such as inconsistent delay, packet drop probability, and dynamic topology. This paper presents design guidelines for WNCS over MANET using the Network Simulator version 2, NS2 software. It investigates the impact of packet delay and packet drop under the AODV and DSR routing protocols. The simulation results have been compared to MATLAB results for validation. Keywords Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing - Dynamic Source routing (DSR) - Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) - Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS) Mohammad Shahidul Hasan received his BSc and first MSc in Computer Science from the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He obtained his 2nd MSc in Computer & Network Engineering from Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK. Currently he is pursuing his PhD under the Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Technology, Staffordshire University, Stafford, UK in Networked Control Systems over MANET.Chris Harding received his BSc in Computing Science and Masters by Research from Staffordshire University, UK. Currently he is pursuing his PhD in Wireless Networked Control Systems, specifically looking at NCS over MANETs, with research interests in this area concentrating on the network routing and effect of routing protocols on the NCS system.Hongnian Yu is Professor of Computer Science at Staffordshire University. He was a lecturer in Control and Systems Engineering at Yanshan University, China in 1985–1990, did his PhD in Robotics at King’s College London (1990–1994), was a research fellow in Manufacturing Systems at Sussex University (1994–1996), a lecturer in Artificial Intelligence at Liver-pool J展开更多
The efficient route algorithms involved in mobile ad hoc network(MANET) are studied. An arrangement of a combination of the traditional dynamic source routing(DSR) protocol is put forward and the selective repeat ARQ ...The efficient route algorithms involved in mobile ad hoc network(MANET) are studied. An arrangement of a combination of the traditional dynamic source routing(DSR) protocol is put forward and the selective repeat ARQ protocol is put forward by analyzing and studying them in detail and providing the scheme. In networks, especially in wireless networks, the nodes are capable to process data much faster than transmission, the DSR-based selective repeat ARQ protocol has real meanings in MANET.展开更多
The flooding distance is an important parameter in the design and evaluation of a routing protocol, which is related not only to the delay time in the route discovery, but also to the stability and reliability of the ...The flooding distance is an important parameter in the design and evaluation of a routing protocol, which is related not only to the delay time in the route discovery, but also to the stability and reliability of the route. In this paper, the average flooding distance （AFD） for a mobile ad hoc network （MANET） in a random graph model was given based on the dynamic source routing （DSR） protocol. The influence of spatial reuse on the AFD was also studied. Compared with that in the model without the spatial reuse, the AFD in the model with the spatial reuse has much smaller value, when the connetivity probability between nodes in the network is small and when the number of reused times is large. This means that the route discovery with the spatial reuse is much more effective.展开更多
为使移动Ad Hoc网络中路由缓存器快速有效地适应拓扑变化,缓解由于路由过时引起TCP(Transmis-sion Control Protocol)拥塞控制,导致吞吐量和带宽利用率降低的情况,提出一种新的没有容量限制的缓存器结构——Cache Table,及分布式自适应...为使移动Ad Hoc网络中路由缓存器快速有效地适应拓扑变化,缓解由于路由过时引起TCP(Transmis-sion Control Protocol)拥塞控制,导致吞吐量和带宽利用率降低的情况,提出一种新的没有容量限制的缓存器结构——Cache Table,及分布式自适应缓存器更新算法,通过自适应的方式主动更新路由缓存器,减少因过时路由引起的路由失效。仿真结果表明,该算法与传统的按需路由相比,路由失效总数和分组丢失明显减少,Ad Hoc网络中的TCP性能得到提高。展开更多
移动Ad hoc网自组织、移动性等特性为组网带来便利的同时也增加了路由管理的难度.针对现有可靠路由算法解决问题具有局限性以及获取链路评价信息低效等问题,在DSR(dynamic source routing)协议基础上提出了基于本地信任系统的可靠路由协...移动Ad hoc网自组织、移动性等特性为组网带来便利的同时也增加了路由管理的难度.针对现有可靠路由算法解决问题具有局限性以及获取链路评价信息低效等问题,在DSR(dynamic source routing)协议基础上提出了基于本地信任系统的可靠路由协议(reliable routing protocol based on local trust system,简称TR-DSR).TR-DSR协议选择路由时,综合考虑路由上各节点和各链路的可靠信任度,并在路由建立过程中利用这些信息,在确保找到可靠路由的基础上降低寻路开销.同时,为了防止自私节点对信任系统评价正确性的影响,提出了基于GTFT(generous tit for tat)策略的激励节点推荐响应行为的DFR(decide forwarding recommendation)算法.仿真实验结果表明,在节点频繁移动和存在大量自私节点的网络中,该协议的性能优势明显,验证了TR-DSR协议的可靠性.展开更多
Ad hoc网络的自组织、动态拓扑和无线接入等特点使得路由的安全问题日益突出。提出了一种在保证安全前提下允许中间节点返回路由应答报文的安全DSR路由协议。该协议对原有的信任机制进行了改进。仿真结果表明该协议可以有效防止路由信...Ad hoc网络的自组织、动态拓扑和无线接入等特点使得路由的安全问题日益突出。提出了一种在保证安全前提下允许中间节点返回路由应答报文的安全DSR路由协议。该协议对原有的信任机制进行了改进。仿真结果表明该协议可以有效防止路由信息伪装、篡改、路由重放以及黑洞攻击,可以缓解因恶意节点和自私节点拒绝网络服务或者网络环境变化造成的路由再发现问题。展开更多
无线Ad hoc网络拓扑结构的频繁变化以及无线信道的不稳定,使得如何提高路由可靠性成为无线Ad hoc网络路由协议研究的主要目标之一。在动态源路由协议(Dynam ic SourceRouting,以下简称DSR)基础上提出一个新的基于路由生命期估计的Ad ho...无线Ad hoc网络拓扑结构的频繁变化以及无线信道的不稳定,使得如何提高路由可靠性成为无线Ad hoc网络路由协议研究的主要目标之一。在动态源路由协议(Dynam ic SourceRouting,以下简称DSR)基础上提出一个新的基于路由生命期估计的Ad hoc网络路由协议,REBD-SR(Route-lifetime Estimation Based Dynam ic Source Routing)。该协议通过对链路状态预测估计路由生命期;路由发现算法同时使用路由生命期、路由跳数作为路径选择参数;当路由上的链路进入危险期后,启动主动式路由维护机制,发送路由失效警告以保证快速路由切换。REBDSR还以路由生命期为超时值进行路由缓存管理,解决了DSR路由缓存中存在较多过时路由的问题。大量仿真实验表明:在网络中载和重载情况下,REBDSR协议的整体性能要优于DSR协议,特别是在节点运动频繁的网络中,REBDSR协议的性能优势更为明显。展开更多
文摘Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS) are used to implement a control mechanism over a wireless network that is capable of carrying real-time traffic. This field has drawn enormous attention from current researchers because of its flexibility and robustness. However, designing efficient WNCS over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is still a challenging topic because of its less-predictable aspects, such as inconsistent delay, packet drop probability, and dynamic topology. This paper presents design guidelines for WNCS over MANET using the Network Simulator version 2, NS2 software. It investigates the impact of packet delay and packet drop under the AODV and DSR routing protocols. The simulation results have been compared to MATLAB results for validation. Keywords Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing - Dynamic Source routing (DSR) - Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) - Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS) Mohammad Shahidul Hasan received his BSc and first MSc in Computer Science from the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. He obtained his 2nd MSc in Computer & Network Engineering from Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK. Currently he is pursuing his PhD under the Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Technology, Staffordshire University, Stafford, UK in Networked Control Systems over MANET.Chris Harding received his BSc in Computing Science and Masters by Research from Staffordshire University, UK. Currently he is pursuing his PhD in Wireless Networked Control Systems, specifically looking at NCS over MANETs, with research interests in this area concentrating on the network routing and effect of routing protocols on the NCS system.Hongnian Yu is Professor of Computer Science at Staffordshire University. He was a lecturer in Control and Systems Engineering at Yanshan University, China in 1985–1990, did his PhD in Robotics at King’s College London (1990–1994), was a research fellow in Manufacturing Systems at Sussex University (1994–1996), a lecturer in Artificial Intelligence at Liver-pool J
文摘The efficient route algorithms involved in mobile ad hoc network(MANET) are studied. An arrangement of a combination of the traditional dynamic source routing(DSR) protocol is put forward and the selective repeat ARQ protocol is put forward by analyzing and studying them in detail and providing the scheme. In networks, especially in wireless networks, the nodes are capable to process data much faster than transmission, the DSR-based selective repeat ARQ protocol has real meanings in MANET.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（Grant No.60572126）
文摘The flooding distance is an important parameter in the design and evaluation of a routing protocol, which is related not only to the delay time in the route discovery, but also to the stability and reliability of the route. In this paper, the average flooding distance （AFD） for a mobile ad hoc network （MANET） in a random graph model was given based on the dynamic source routing （DSR） protocol. The influence of spatial reuse on the AFD was also studied. Compared with that in the model without the spatial reuse, the AFD in the model with the spatial reuse has much smaller value, when the connetivity probability between nodes in the network is small and when the number of reused times is large. This means that the route discovery with the spatial reuse is much more effective.
文摘移动Ad hoc网自组织、移动性等特性为组网带来便利的同时也增加了路由管理的难度.针对现有可靠路由算法解决问题具有局限性以及获取链路评价信息低效等问题,在DSR(dynamic source routing)协议基础上提出了基于本地信任系统的可靠路由协议(reliable routing protocol based on local trust system,简称TR-DSR).TR-DSR协议选择路由时,综合考虑路由上各节点和各链路的可靠信任度,并在路由建立过程中利用这些信息,在确保找到可靠路由的基础上降低寻路开销.同时,为了防止自私节点对信任系统评价正确性的影响,提出了基于GTFT(generous tit for tat)策略的激励节点推荐响应行为的DFR(decide forwarding recommendation)算法.仿真实验结果表明,在节点频繁移动和存在大量自私节点的网络中,该协议的性能优势明显,验证了TR-DSR协议的可靠性.
文摘无线Ad hoc网络拓扑结构的频繁变化以及无线信道的不稳定,使得如何提高路由可靠性成为无线Ad hoc网络路由协议研究的主要目标之一。在动态源路由协议(Dynam ic SourceRouting,以下简称DSR)基础上提出一个新的基于路由生命期估计的Ad hoc网络路由协议,REBD-SR(Route-lifetime Estimation Based Dynam ic Source Routing)。该协议通过对链路状态预测估计路由生命期;路由发现算法同时使用路由生命期、路由跳数作为路径选择参数;当路由上的链路进入危险期后,启动主动式路由维护机制,发送路由失效警告以保证快速路由切换。REBDSR还以路由生命期为超时值进行路由缓存管理,解决了DSR路由缓存中存在较多过时路由的问题。大量仿真实验表明:在网络中载和重载情况下,REBDSR协议的整体性能要优于DSR协议,特别是在节点运动频繁的网络中,REBDSR协议的性能优势更为明显。
