This paper describes the control and communication network in fuel cell vehicles, including both the protocol and the hardware. Based on the current protocol (ISO-11898 and SAE J1939), a new practical protocol is prop...This paper describes the control and communication network in fuel cell vehicles, including both the protocol and the hardware. Based on the current protocol (ISO-11898 and SAE J1939), a new practical protocol is proposed and implemented for the control and communication network in fuel cell vehicles. To improve the re-liability of data communication and to unify the network management, a new network system based on dual-port RAM is also implemented.展开更多
针对传统背靠背三电平变换器成本高、体积大、结构复杂等问题,文中提出一种新型双端口三电平变换器拓扑,通过器件复用方式减少开关器件数量,优化系统结构。首先,详细分析所提新型拓扑的工作原理,给出单相桥臂的6种有效开关状态、电流流...针对传统背靠背三电平变换器成本高、体积大、结构复杂等问题,文中提出一种新型双端口三电平变换器拓扑,通过器件复用方式减少开关器件数量,优化系统结构。首先,详细分析所提新型拓扑的工作原理,给出单相桥臂的6种有效开关状态、电流流通路径及对应双端口输出电平,并对各开关器件的电压应力进行分析。其次,研究并设计一种适用于该新型拓扑的载波层叠脉宽调制策略,加入直流偏移量以避免调制波重合产生的影响。然后,进一步分析该策略在同频与异频工作模式下的调制度范围、相角差约束等关键问题,给出各工作模式下直流偏移量选取原则及两端口调制度约束范围。最后,基于DSP-FPGA-Typhoon HIL 402实验平台对不同工作模式进行验证。实验结果表明,在实现所提新型拓扑双端口电压电流稳定输出的前提下,加入直流偏移量的载波层叠脉宽调制策略使得变换器输出的电能质量良好,谐波含量低。展开更多
Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditi...Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally demand different synchronization control techniques,leading to heterogeneous VSCs.It is challenging for the power system to accommodate and coordinate heterogeneous VSCs.A promising universal synchronization control technique for VSCs is the DC-link voltage synchronization control(DVSC)based on a lead compensator(LC).The LC DVSC stabilizes both the DC and AC voltages of a VSC while achieving synchronization with the AC grid.This results in a dual-port grid-forming(DGFM)characteristic for the VSC.However,there has been very limited study on the stability and synchronization controller design of the VSCs with the LC DVSC operating in various modes.To bridge this gap,the paper presents a quantitative analysis on the stability and steady-state performance of the LC DVSC in all three operation modes of the DGFM VSC.Based on the analysis,the paper provides step-by-step design guidelines for the LC DVSC.Furthermore,the paper uncovers an instability issue related to the LC DVSC when the DGFM VSC operates in the balanced mode.To tackle the instability issue,a virtual resistance control is proposed and integrated with the LC DVSC.Simulation results validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC designed using the proposed guidelines in all three operation modes.Overall,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC for all three possible operation modes,which can help overcome the challenges associated with accommodating and coordinating heterogeneous VSCs in the power system.展开更多
A conventional multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer acquires single energy spectrum,but provides no information on its tendency with time.To address the limitation,we propose a scheme of time-sharing multichannel pu...A conventional multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer acquires single energy spectrum,but provides no information on its tendency with time.To address the limitation,we propose a scheme of time-sharing multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer(TSMCA).A dual-port random access memory is divided into two storage spaces,one for current energy spectrum data acquisition and another for previous energy spectrum data storage.The two tasks can be performed simultaneously,and the time-related variation tendency of energy spectrum can be obtained.A prototype system of TSMCA is designed.It performs nicely,with maximum channel number of 4096 in capacity of 2^(32)/Ch,minimal time-sharing slice of 25 ms,the differential nonlinearity of <1.5%,and the integral nonlinearity of <0.3%.展开更多
设计了一款双频双端口微带阵列天线,该天线由两个矩形辐射贴片构成。将两个辐射贴片平行放置,在其中一个低频对应的较大尺寸贴片上开矩形槽,将高频对应的较小尺寸贴片嵌套在矩形槽中。相互嵌套的结构形式带来严重的端口耦合,而天线端口...设计了一款双频双端口微带阵列天线,该天线由两个矩形辐射贴片构成。将两个辐射贴片平行放置,在其中一个低频对应的较大尺寸贴片上开矩形槽,将高频对应的较小尺寸贴片嵌套在矩形槽中。相互嵌套的结构形式带来严重的端口耦合,而天线端口间的互耦是制约阵列天线性能的主要因素之一,在辐射贴片间加载两条平行微带线用来隔离耦合电流,并且在平行微带线中间设置圆形接地贴片,通过过孔将微带线上耦合电流引入地板,同时在高频辐射贴片嵌入部分的垂直边两侧开缝,能进一步有效减小耦合电流,提高隔离度。经过隔离度优化设计后,最终实现天线在工作频带内隔离度均大于20 d B。天线的工作频段分别为15.2 GHz(14.83~16.10 GHz)和5.8GHz(5.68~5.88 GHz),对应的最大增益分别为7.8 d Bi和6.8 d Bi。天线两个辐射贴片尺寸分别为0.36λ(15.2GHz)和0.37λ(5.8 GHz),该天线辐射单元相互嵌套,满足小型化设计需求。展开更多
基金Supported by the National High-Tech Research and Devel-opment (863) Program of China (No. 2001AA501100)
文摘This paper describes the control and communication network in fuel cell vehicles, including both the protocol and the hardware. Based on the current protocol (ISO-11898 and SAE J1939), a new practical protocol is proposed and implemented for the control and communication network in fuel cell vehicles. To improve the re-liability of data communication and to unify the network management, a new network system based on dual-port RAM is also implemented.
文摘针对传统背靠背三电平变换器成本高、体积大、结构复杂等问题,文中提出一种新型双端口三电平变换器拓扑,通过器件复用方式减少开关器件数量,优化系统结构。首先,详细分析所提新型拓扑的工作原理,给出单相桥臂的6种有效开关状态、电流流通路径及对应双端口输出电平,并对各开关器件的电压应力进行分析。其次,研究并设计一种适用于该新型拓扑的载波层叠脉宽调制策略,加入直流偏移量以避免调制波重合产生的影响。然后,进一步分析该策略在同频与异频工作模式下的调制度范围、相角差约束等关键问题,给出各工作模式下直流偏移量选取原则及两端口调制度约束范围。最后,基于DSP-FPGA-Typhoon HIL 402实验平台对不同工作模式进行验证。实验结果表明,在实现所提新型拓扑双端口电压电流稳定输出的前提下,加入直流偏移量的载波层叠脉宽调制策略使得变换器输出的电能质量良好,谐波含量低。
基金supported in part by the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research.
文摘Grid-tie voltage source converters(VSCs)can operate in three distinct modes:AC-dominant,DC-dominant,and balanced,depending on the placement of the stiff voltage sources.The distinct operation modes of the VSCs traditionally demand different synchronization control techniques,leading to heterogeneous VSCs.It is challenging for the power system to accommodate and coordinate heterogeneous VSCs.A promising universal synchronization control technique for VSCs is the DC-link voltage synchronization control(DVSC)based on a lead compensator(LC).The LC DVSC stabilizes both the DC and AC voltages of a VSC while achieving synchronization with the AC grid.This results in a dual-port grid-forming(DGFM)characteristic for the VSC.However,there has been very limited study on the stability and synchronization controller design of the VSCs with the LC DVSC operating in various modes.To bridge this gap,the paper presents a quantitative analysis on the stability and steady-state performance of the LC DVSC in all three operation modes of the DGFM VSC.Based on the analysis,the paper provides step-by-step design guidelines for the LC DVSC.Furthermore,the paper uncovers an instability issue related to the LC DVSC when the DGFM VSC operates in the balanced mode.To tackle the instability issue,a virtual resistance control is proposed and integrated with the LC DVSC.Simulation results validate the analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC designed using the proposed guidelines in all three operation modes.Overall,the paper demonstrates the feasibility of employing the DGFM VSC with the LC DVSC for all three possible operation modes,which can help overcome the challenges associated with accommodating and coordinating heterogeneous VSCs in the power system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11375195,11375263,and 11105143)the project of National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Development Research(No.2013GB104003)
文摘A conventional multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer acquires single energy spectrum,but provides no information on its tendency with time.To address the limitation,we propose a scheme of time-sharing multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer(TSMCA).A dual-port random access memory is divided into two storage spaces,one for current energy spectrum data acquisition and another for previous energy spectrum data storage.The two tasks can be performed simultaneously,and the time-related variation tendency of energy spectrum can be obtained.A prototype system of TSMCA is designed.It performs nicely,with maximum channel number of 4096 in capacity of 2^(32)/Ch,minimal time-sharing slice of 25 ms,the differential nonlinearity of <1.5%,and the integral nonlinearity of <0.3%.
文摘设计了一款双频双端口微带阵列天线,该天线由两个矩形辐射贴片构成。将两个辐射贴片平行放置,在其中一个低频对应的较大尺寸贴片上开矩形槽,将高频对应的较小尺寸贴片嵌套在矩形槽中。相互嵌套的结构形式带来严重的端口耦合,而天线端口间的互耦是制约阵列天线性能的主要因素之一,在辐射贴片间加载两条平行微带线用来隔离耦合电流,并且在平行微带线中间设置圆形接地贴片,通过过孔将微带线上耦合电流引入地板,同时在高频辐射贴片嵌入部分的垂直边两侧开缝,能进一步有效减小耦合电流,提高隔离度。经过隔离度优化设计后,最终实现天线在工作频带内隔离度均大于20 d B。天线的工作频段分别为15.2 GHz(14.83~16.10 GHz)和5.8GHz(5.68~5.88 GHz),对应的最大增益分别为7.8 d Bi和6.8 d Bi。天线两个辐射贴片尺寸分别为0.36λ(15.2GHz)和0.37λ(5.8 GHz),该天线辐射单元相互嵌套,满足小型化设计需求。
