To better reflect the psychological behavior characteristics of loss aversion,this paper builds a double reference point decision making method for dynamic multi-attribute decision-making(DMADM)problem,taking bottom-l...To better reflect the psychological behavior characteristics of loss aversion,this paper builds a double reference point decision making method for dynamic multi-attribute decision-making(DMADM)problem,taking bottom-line and target as reference pints.First,the gain/loss function is given,and the state is divided according to the relationship between the gain/loss value and the reference point.Second,the attitude function is constructed based on the results of state division to establish the utility function.Third,the comprehensive utility value is calculated as the basis for alternatives classification and ranking.Finally,the new method is used to evaluate the development level of smart cities.The results show that the new method can judge the degree to which the alternatives meet the requirements of the decision-maker.While the new method can effectively screen out the unsatisfactory alternatives,the ranking results of other alternatives are consistent with those of traditional methods.展开更多
Ti separation was achieved by ion-exchange chromatography using Bio-Rad AG 1-X8 anion-exchange and DGA resins.For high-Fe/Ti and high-Mg/Ti igneous samples,a three-column procedure was required,whereas a two-column pr...Ti separation was achieved by ion-exchange chromatography using Bio-Rad AG 1-X8 anion-exchange and DGA resins.For high-Fe/Ti and high-Mg/Ti igneous samples,a three-column procedure was required,whereas a two-column procedure was used for low-Fe/Ti and low-Mg/Ti igneous samples.The Ti isotopes were analysed by MC-ICP-MS,and instrumental mass bias was corrected using a ^(47)Ti-^(49)Ti double-spike technique.The ^(47)Ti-^(49)Ti double-spike and SRM 3162a were calibrated using SRM 979-Cr,certificated value ^(53)Cr/^(52)Crt rue=0.11339.Isobaric interference was evaluated by analysing Alfa-Ti doped with Na,Mg,Ca,and Mo,and results indicate that high concentrations of Na and Mg have no significant effect on Ti isotope analyses;however,Ca and Mo interferences lead to erroneousδ^(49/47)Ti values when Ca/Ti and Mo/Ti ratios exceed 0.01 and 0.1,respectively.Titanium isotopic compositions were determined for 12 igneous reference materials,BCR-2,BHVO-2,GBW07105,AGV-1,AGV-2,W-2,GBW07123,GBW07126,GBW07127,GBW07101,JP-1,and DTS-2b.Samples yieldδ^(49/47)Ti(‰)of−0.035±0.022,−0.038±0.031,0.031±0.022,0.059±0.038,0.044±0.037,0.000±0.015,0.154±0.044,−0.044±0.018,0.010±0.022,0.064±0.043,0.169±0.034,and−0.047±0.025(relative to OL-Ti,±2SD),respectively;of which isotopic compositions of DTS-2b,JP-1,GBW07101,GBW07105,GBW07123,GBW07126,and GBW07127 are reported for the first time.Standard Alfa-Ti was analysed repeatedly over a ten-month period,indicating a reproducibility of±0.047(2SD)forδ^(49/47)Ti,similar to the precisions obtained for geochemical reference materials.展开更多
In this work,two process-variation-tolerant schemes for a current-mode sense amplifier(CSA)of RRAM were proposed:(1)hybrid read reference generator(HRRG)that tracks process-voltage-temperature(PVT)variations and solve...In this work,two process-variation-tolerant schemes for a current-mode sense amplifier(CSA)of RRAM were proposed:(1)hybrid read reference generator(HRRG)that tracks process-voltage-temperature(PVT)variations and solve the nonlinear issue of the RRAM cells;(2)a two-stage offset-cancelled current sense amplifier(TSOCC-SA)with only two capacitors achieves a double sensing margin and a high tolerance of device mismatch.The simulation results in 28 nm CMOS technology show that the HRRG can provide a read reference that tracks PVT variations and solves the nonlinear issue of the RRAM cells.The proposed TSOCC-SA can tolerate over 64% device mismatch.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62003379Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province under Grant 2018A030313317+3 种基金Special Research Project on the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Epidemic in Colleges and Universities of Guangdong under Grant 2020KZDZX1118Guangzhou Science and Technology Program under Grant 202002030246Research Project and Development Plan for Key Areas of Guangdong Province under Grant 2020B0202080002Guangzhou Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences(Research Center of Agricultural Products Circulation in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area).
文摘To better reflect the psychological behavior characteristics of loss aversion,this paper builds a double reference point decision making method for dynamic multi-attribute decision-making(DMADM)problem,taking bottom-line and target as reference pints.First,the gain/loss function is given,and the state is divided according to the relationship between the gain/loss value and the reference point.Second,the attitude function is constructed based on the results of state division to establish the utility function.Third,the comprehensive utility value is calculated as the basis for alternatives classification and ranking.Finally,the new method is used to evaluate the development level of smart cities.The results show that the new method can judge the degree to which the alternatives meet the requirements of the decision-maker.While the new method can effectively screen out the unsatisfactory alternatives,the ranking results of other alternatives are consistent with those of traditional methods.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project Nos.41473005,41973020,41873027)。
文摘Ti separation was achieved by ion-exchange chromatography using Bio-Rad AG 1-X8 anion-exchange and DGA resins.For high-Fe/Ti and high-Mg/Ti igneous samples,a three-column procedure was required,whereas a two-column procedure was used for low-Fe/Ti and low-Mg/Ti igneous samples.The Ti isotopes were analysed by MC-ICP-MS,and instrumental mass bias was corrected using a ^(47)Ti-^(49)Ti double-spike technique.The ^(47)Ti-^(49)Ti double-spike and SRM 3162a were calibrated using SRM 979-Cr,certificated value ^(53)Cr/^(52)Crt rue=0.11339.Isobaric interference was evaluated by analysing Alfa-Ti doped with Na,Mg,Ca,and Mo,and results indicate that high concentrations of Na and Mg have no significant effect on Ti isotope analyses;however,Ca and Mo interferences lead to erroneousδ^(49/47)Ti values when Ca/Ti and Mo/Ti ratios exceed 0.01 and 0.1,respectively.Titanium isotopic compositions were determined for 12 igneous reference materials,BCR-2,BHVO-2,GBW07105,AGV-1,AGV-2,W-2,GBW07123,GBW07126,GBW07127,GBW07101,JP-1,and DTS-2b.Samples yieldδ^(49/47)Ti(‰)of−0.035±0.022,−0.038±0.031,0.031±0.022,0.059±0.038,0.044±0.037,0.000±0.015,0.154±0.044,−0.044±0.018,0.010±0.022,0.064±0.043,0.169±0.034,and−0.047±0.025(relative to OL-Ti,±2SD),respectively;of which isotopic compositions of DTS-2b,JP-1,GBW07101,GBW07105,GBW07123,GBW07126,and GBW07127 are reported for the first time.Standard Alfa-Ti was analysed repeatedly over a ten-month period,indicating a reproducibility of±0.047(2SD)forδ^(49/47)Ti,similar to the precisions obtained for geochemical reference materials.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2019YFB2204800in part by the Major Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Lab(Grant No.2019KC0AD02)+1 种基金in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 61904200the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No.XDB44000000。
文摘In this work,two process-variation-tolerant schemes for a current-mode sense amplifier(CSA)of RRAM were proposed:(1)hybrid read reference generator(HRRG)that tracks process-voltage-temperature(PVT)variations and solve the nonlinear issue of the RRAM cells;(2)a two-stage offset-cancelled current sense amplifier(TSOCC-SA)with only two capacitors achieves a double sensing margin and a high tolerance of device mismatch.The simulation results in 28 nm CMOS technology show that the HRRG can provide a read reference that tracks PVT variations and solves the nonlinear issue of the RRAM cells.The proposed TSOCC-SA can tolerate over 64% device mismatch.
