介绍了一种新的非线性、非平稳信号分析方法——局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,LMD),分析了LMD用于扰动信号检测时的优缺点及原因。在此基础上,提出一种改进的局部均值分解(improved local mean decomposition,ILMD)电能质量...介绍了一种新的非线性、非平稳信号分析方法——局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,LMD),分析了LMD用于扰动信号检测时的优缺点及原因。在此基础上,提出一种改进的局部均值分解(improved local mean decomposition,ILMD)电能质量扰动检测及时频分析新方法,该方法由LMD和希尔伯特变换(Hilbert Transform,HT)2部分组成。先用LMD提取信号的乘积函数(product function,PF),由PF分量的调幅函数可得信号瞬时幅值;再对PF分量进行HT求取瞬时频率。ILMD方法可有效定位发生扰动的起止时刻,克服LMD在定位能力上的不足。与采用希尔伯特黄变换(Hilbert Huang transform,HHT)方法相比,ILMD具有瞬时幅值函数端部失真小、瞬时幅频曲线波动小和幅值与频率检测精度高等优点。仿真信号和500 kV变电站电容器组投切时的电压信号分析结果证明所提方法的可行性和有效性。展开更多
针对地面微地震资料强周期干扰和随机干扰突出的特点以及单一去噪方法无法有效压制噪声的问题,提出了基于单道奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)和振幅比的联合去噪方法。首先利用单道微地震记录构建分解矩阵,使矩阵各维具...针对地面微地震资料强周期干扰和随机干扰突出的特点以及单一去噪方法无法有效压制噪声的问题,提出了基于单道奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)和振幅比的联合去噪方法。首先利用单道微地震记录构建分解矩阵,使矩阵各维具有较强的相关性,然后对分解矩阵进行奇异值分解,选取数值居中部分奇异值进行矩阵重构,以达到压制单道微地震记录强周期干扰的目的。其次采用具有伸缩特性时窗的振幅比法改善有效信号与随机噪声的统计特性差异,有效压制微地震资料中的随机噪声。理论模型数据和四川某地区地面微地震射孔资料应用结果表明,联合去噪方法有效地压制了微地震记录中的噪声,提高了资料的信噪比,在很大程度上改善了单一去噪方法无法较好突出微地震有效信号的不足,为后期微地震资料的处理与解释奠定了良好的基础。展开更多
According to the characteristic that Hilbert-Huang transform （HHT） can detect abnormity in signals, an HHT-based method to eliminate short-time strong disturbance was proposed. The signal with short-time strong dist...According to the characteristic that Hilbert-Huang transform （HHT） can detect abnormity in signals, an HHT-based method to eliminate short-time strong disturbance was proposed. The signal with short-time strong disturbance was decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions （IMFs） and a residue by the empirical mode decomposition （EMD）. The instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of each IMF were calculated. And at abnormal section, instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies were fired according to the data at normal section, replacing the fitted data for the original ones. A new set of IMFs was reconstructed by using the processed instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies. For the residue, abnormal fluctuations could be directly eliminated. And a new signal with the short-time strong disturbance eliminated was reconstructed by superposing all the new IMFs and the residue, The numerical simulation shows that there is a good correlation between the reconstructed signal and the undisturbed signal, The correlation coefficient is equal to 0.999 1. The processing results of the measured strain signal of a bridge with short-time strong disturbance verify the practicability of the method.展开更多
继1997年5月采用LacosteET-21重力仪在中国南极中山站观测发现South of Kermadec Islands7．1级地震前的“重力扰动”现象之后，2008年5月又在武汉大地测量国家野外科学观测站LacosteET-20重力仪的观测资料中发现了汶川大地震的“重力...继1997年5月采用LacosteET-21重力仪在中国南极中山站观测发现South of Kermadec Islands7．1级地震前的“重力扰动”现象之后，2008年5月又在武汉大地测量国家野外科学观测站LacosteET-20重力仪的观测资料中发现了汶川大地震的“重力扰动”现象：从大震前两天开始，“重力扰动”逐渐增大、最大振幅约为±0．8×10^-8ms^-2，直到大震发生。由于这两次监测的时间不同、地点不同、仪器不同（ET-21与ET-20），这就使得监测结果的可靠性得到了加强。初步认识是：在某些强震发生前两天左右，往往会出现较明显的“重力扰动”，其振幅在±（1～2）×10^-8ms^-2左右、信号周期4～8s。展开更多
文摘介绍了一种新的非线性、非平稳信号分析方法——局部均值分解(local mean decomposition,LMD),分析了LMD用于扰动信号检测时的优缺点及原因。在此基础上,提出一种改进的局部均值分解(improved local mean decomposition,ILMD)电能质量扰动检测及时频分析新方法,该方法由LMD和希尔伯特变换(Hilbert Transform,HT)2部分组成。先用LMD提取信号的乘积函数(product function,PF),由PF分量的调幅函数可得信号瞬时幅值;再对PF分量进行HT求取瞬时频率。ILMD方法可有效定位发生扰动的起止时刻,克服LMD在定位能力上的不足。与采用希尔伯特黄变换(Hilbert Huang transform,HHT)方法相比,ILMD具有瞬时幅值函数端部失真小、瞬时幅频曲线波动小和幅值与频率检测精度高等优点。仿真信号和500 kV变电站电容器组投切时的电压信号分析结果证明所提方法的可行性和有效性。
文摘针对地面微地震资料强周期干扰和随机干扰突出的特点以及单一去噪方法无法有效压制噪声的问题,提出了基于单道奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)和振幅比的联合去噪方法。首先利用单道微地震记录构建分解矩阵,使矩阵各维具有较强的相关性,然后对分解矩阵进行奇异值分解,选取数值居中部分奇异值进行矩阵重构,以达到压制单道微地震记录强周期干扰的目的。其次采用具有伸缩特性时窗的振幅比法改善有效信号与随机噪声的统计特性差异,有效压制微地震资料中的随机噪声。理论模型数据和四川某地区地面微地震射孔资料应用结果表明,联合去噪方法有效地压制了微地震记录中的噪声,提高了资料的信噪比,在很大程度上改善了单一去噪方法无法较好突出微地震有效信号的不足,为后期微地震资料的处理与解释奠定了良好的基础。
基金Project (50675230) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘According to the characteristic that Hilbert-Huang transform （HHT） can detect abnormity in signals, an HHT-based method to eliminate short-time strong disturbance was proposed. The signal with short-time strong disturbance was decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions （IMFs） and a residue by the empirical mode decomposition （EMD）. The instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of each IMF were calculated. And at abnormal section, instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies were fired according to the data at normal section, replacing the fitted data for the original ones. A new set of IMFs was reconstructed by using the processed instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies. For the residue, abnormal fluctuations could be directly eliminated. And a new signal with the short-time strong disturbance eliminated was reconstructed by superposing all the new IMFs and the residue, The numerical simulation shows that there is a good correlation between the reconstructed signal and the undisturbed signal, The correlation coefficient is equal to 0.999 1. The processing results of the measured strain signal of a bridge with short-time strong disturbance verify the practicability of the method.
文摘继1997年5月采用LacosteET-21重力仪在中国南极中山站观测发现South of Kermadec Islands7．1级地震前的“重力扰动”现象之后，2008年5月又在武汉大地测量国家野外科学观测站LacosteET-20重力仪的观测资料中发现了汶川大地震的“重力扰动”现象：从大震前两天开始，“重力扰动”逐渐增大、最大振幅约为±0．8×10^-8ms^-2，直到大震发生。由于这两次监测的时间不同、地点不同、仪器不同（ET-21与ET-20），这就使得监测结果的可靠性得到了加强。初步认识是：在某些强震发生前两天左右，往往会出现较明显的“重力扰动”，其振幅在±（1～2）×10^-8ms^-2左右、信号周期4～8s。
