Heart state information and neural control expounded by multiple parameters are useful for early diagnosis of heart diseases. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of multiple parameters for ...Heart state information and neural control expounded by multiple parameters are useful for early diagnosis of heart diseases. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of multiple parameters for express heart state variation and neural control. We have studied three kinds of parameters global, local and dynamic ones with different confirmation method to extract concealed physiological and pathological heart information with animal models. Pathological notch on QRS complex of electrocardiogram (ECG) is defined as a local parameter which is one of the high frequency components (HFCs). The poincare dispersed dot plot (PDDP) is defined as a nonlinear global parameter. Pathological notching information on the QRS complex is related to myocardial injuries. We have been working on man made myocardial infarction models to simulate cardiac abnormalities. Thirty eight percent (38%) formalin was used to produce acute myocardial injury and several branches of coronary anterior descending branch near apex and part of blunt edge branch were ligatured for creating chronic pathological changes in order to form small injurious areas at left ventricular side wall. And we found that both myocardial injury approaches could produce good idiosyncratic relationship between injury area model and man made pathological condition. A large number of repetitive experiments of animal model indicated that the thresholds of pathological notching are about 84 μV in amplitude and 3.8 ms in width. The PDDP was a good parameter of heart nonlinear state and heart rate variability (HRV). It has thresholds of about 26000 ms 2 in area and 420 ms in long axis for human being and 600 ms 2 in area and 85 ms in long axis for dogs. Both parameters exhibit sensitive and early response to heart states pathological variation and also have dynamic characteristics.展开更多
We study an electronic compensator （EC） as a receiver for a 100-Gb/s polarization division multiplexing coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （PDM-CO-OFDM） system without optical dispersion c...We study an electronic compensator （EC） as a receiver for a 100-Gb/s polarization division multiplexing coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （PDM-CO-OFDM） system without optical dispersion compensation.EC,including electrical dispersion compensation （EDC）,least squares channel estimation and compensation （LSCEC）,and phase compensation （PC）,is used to compensate for chromatic dispersion （CD）,phase noise,polarization mode dispersion （PMD）,and channel impairments,respectively.Simulations show that EC is highly effective in compensating for those impairments and that the performance is close to the theoretical limitation of optical signal-to-noise rate （OSNR）,CD,and PMD.Its robustness against those transmission impairments and fiber nonlinearity are also systematically studied.展开更多
A data-aided method of joint frequency offset and chromatic dispersion estimation based on the Chu training sequences is shown in 112 Gb/s polarization-multiplexed （PM） quadrature phase-shift keying and 224 Gb/s PM-...A data-aided method of joint frequency offset and chromatic dispersion estimation based on the Chu training sequences is shown in 112 Gb/s polarization-multiplexed （PM） quadrature phase-shift keying and 224 Gb/s PM-16-quadrature amplitude modulation with different pulse-shaping filters, respectively. The proposed method achieves a good accuracy and is verified to be robust to polarization mode dispersion.展开更多
The Information in frequency domain was deducted by a discrete Fourier transforms. The modal information of the fluid-structure interaction in internal flows was analyzed. The dispersive and dissipative term in a full...The Information in frequency domain was deducted by a discrete Fourier transforms. The modal information of the fluid-structure interaction in internal flows was analyzed. The dispersive and dissipative term in a fully coupled manner can be treated. The method has been validated by comparison with an exact analytical solution, with the results obtained by discrete Fourier transform and an analysis using the method of characteristics as well as with measured data from a laboratory apparatus.展开更多
NMR spectra acquired with experiments using frequency-sweeps such as the wide-band uniform-rate smooth truncation(WURST)spin-echo and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG)sequences cannot be absorptively phased by using onl...NMR spectra acquired with experiments using frequency-sweeps such as the wide-band uniform-rate smooth truncation(WURST)spin-echo and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG)sequences cannot be absorptively phased by using only conventional zerothand first-order phase correction.Implementation of phase correction up to the secondorder is described for obtaining absorptive spectra,which have more desirable line shapes and noise properties than magnitude spectra.The relationship of the second-order phase to the parameters of frequency sweeps is derived.The second-order phasing in the frequency-domain is equivalent to a point spread in the time-domain signal.The application of second-order phase correction is demonstrated with a wideline 35Cl CPMG spikelet spectrum.展开更多
A new type ultraflattened dispersion square-lattice photonic crystal fiber with two different air-hole diameters in cladding region is proposed and the dispersion is investigated using a compact 2-D finite difference ...A new type ultraflattened dispersion square-lattice photonic crystal fiber with two different air-hole diameters in cladding region is proposed and the dispersion is investigated using a compact 2-D finite difference frequency domain method with the anisotropic perfectly matched layers (PML) absorbing boundary conditions. Through numerical simulation and opti- mizing the geometrical parameters, we find that the photonic crystal fibers proposed can realize ultraflattened dispersion of 0±0.06 ps/(km·nm) in wa...展开更多
基金The Project is sponsored in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 3 9970 2 0 53 92 70 1843 870 613 )
文摘Heart state information and neural control expounded by multiple parameters are useful for early diagnosis of heart diseases. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of multiple parameters for express heart state variation and neural control. We have studied three kinds of parameters global, local and dynamic ones with different confirmation method to extract concealed physiological and pathological heart information with animal models. Pathological notch on QRS complex of electrocardiogram (ECG) is defined as a local parameter which is one of the high frequency components (HFCs). The poincare dispersed dot plot (PDDP) is defined as a nonlinear global parameter. Pathological notching information on the QRS complex is related to myocardial injuries. We have been working on man made myocardial infarction models to simulate cardiac abnormalities. Thirty eight percent (38%) formalin was used to produce acute myocardial injury and several branches of coronary anterior descending branch near apex and part of blunt edge branch were ligatured for creating chronic pathological changes in order to form small injurious areas at left ventricular side wall. And we found that both myocardial injury approaches could produce good idiosyncratic relationship between injury area model and man made pathological condition. A large number of repetitive experiments of animal model indicated that the thresholds of pathological notching are about 84 μV in amplitude and 3.8 ms in width. The PDDP was a good parameter of heart nonlinear state and heart rate variability (HRV). It has thresholds of about 26000 ms 2 in area and 420 ms in long axis for human being and 600 ms 2 in area and 85 ms in long axis for dogs. Both parameters exhibit sensitive and early response to heart states pathological variation and also have dynamic characteristics.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60932004)the National "863" Program of China (Nos.2009AA01Z256, 2009AA01Z253, and 2009AA01A345)the National "973" Program of China (No.2007CB310705)
文摘We study an electronic compensator （EC） as a receiver for a 100-Gb/s polarization division multiplexing coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （PDM-CO-OFDM） system without optical dispersion compensation.EC,including electrical dispersion compensation （EDC）,least squares channel estimation and compensation （LSCEC）,and phase compensation （PC）,is used to compensate for chromatic dispersion （CD）,phase noise,polarization mode dispersion （PMD）,and channel impairments,respectively.Simulations show that EC is highly effective in compensating for those impairments and that the performance is close to the theoretical limitation of optical signal-to-noise rate （OSNR）,CD,and PMD.Its robustness against those transmission impairments and fiber nonlinearity are also systematically studied.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61205065)the National "863" Project of China(No.2013AA013401)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of optical fiber communication network with the new type of optical communication system(Shanghai Jiao Tong University)(No.2013GZKF031310)
文摘A data-aided method of joint frequency offset and chromatic dispersion estimation based on the Chu training sequences is shown in 112 Gb/s polarization-multiplexed （PM） quadrature phase-shift keying and 224 Gb/s PM-16-quadrature amplitude modulation with different pulse-shaping filters, respectively. The proposed method achieves a good accuracy and is verified to be robust to polarization mode dispersion.
文摘The Information in frequency domain was deducted by a discrete Fourier transforms. The modal information of the fluid-structure interaction in internal flows was analyzed. The dispersive and dissipative term in a fully coupled manner can be treated. The method has been validated by comparison with an exact analytical solution, with the results obtained by discrete Fourier transform and an analysis using the method of characteristics as well as with measured data from a laboratory apparatus.
基金the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory(NHMFL,USA)through NSF DMR-1644779 and the State of Florida.
文摘NMR spectra acquired with experiments using frequency-sweeps such as the wide-band uniform-rate smooth truncation(WURST)spin-echo and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill(CPMG)sequences cannot be absorptively phased by using only conventional zerothand first-order phase correction.Implementation of phase correction up to the secondorder is described for obtaining absorptive spectra,which have more desirable line shapes and noise properties than magnitude spectra.The relationship of the second-order phase to the parameters of frequency sweeps is derived.The second-order phasing in the frequency-domain is equivalent to a point spread in the time-domain signal.The application of second-order phase correction is demonstrated with a wideline 35Cl CPMG spikelet spectrum.
基金supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (Grant Nos. 60637010 and 60671036)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No.2007CB310403).
文摘A new type ultraflattened dispersion square-lattice photonic crystal fiber with two different air-hole diameters in cladding region is proposed and the dispersion is investigated using a compact 2-D finite difference frequency domain method with the anisotropic perfectly matched layers (PML) absorbing boundary conditions. Through numerical simulation and opti- mizing the geometrical parameters, we find that the photonic crystal fibers proposed can realize ultraflattened dispersion of 0±0.06 ps/(km·nm) in wa...
