AIM: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in the detoxification of many potential carcinogens and appear to play a critical role in the protection from the effects of carcinogens. The contribution of glutath...AIM: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in the detoxification of many potential carcinogens and appear to play a critical role in the protection from the effects of carcinogens. The contribution of glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 genotypes to susceptibility to the risk of gastric cancer and their interaction with cigarette smoking are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was any relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTT1 and gastric cancer. METHODS: A population based case-control study was carried out in a high-risk area, Changle County, Fujian Province, China. The epidemiological data were collected by a standard questionnaire and blood samples were obtained from 95 incidence gastric cancer cases and 94 healthy controls. A polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect the presence or absence of the GSTT1 and GSTT1 genes in genomic DNA. Logistic regression model was employed in the data analysis. RESULTS: An increase in risk for gastric cancer was found among carriers of GSTT1 null genotype. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.63 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.17-5.88, after controlling for age, gender, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and fish sauce intake. The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype in cancer cases (43.16%) was not significantly different from that in controls (50.00%). However, the risk for gastric cancer in those with GSTT1 null and GSTT1 non-null genotype was significantly higher than in those with both GSTT1 and GSTT1 non-null genotype (OR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.15-6.77). Compared with those subjects who never smoked and had normal GSTT1 genotype, ORs were 1.60 (95% CI:0.62-4.19) for never smokers with GSTT1 null type, 2.33 (95% CI 0.88-6.28) for smokers with normal GSTT1, and 8.06 (95% CI 2.83-23.67) for smokers with GSTT1 null type. CONCLUSIONS: GSTT1 gene polymorphisms may be associated with genetic susceptibility of stomach cancer and may modulate tobacco-related carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Alopecia areata is a hair loss disease associated with genetics,autoimmunity,and other factors.There is an intriguing link between alopecia areata and gut dysbiosis.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has ...BACKGROUND Alopecia areata is a hair loss disease associated with genetics,autoimmunity,and other factors.There is an intriguing link between alopecia areata and gut dysbiosis.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been recommended to treat Clostridium difficile(previously known as Clostridioides difficile)infection,and has also shown potentials in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.CASE SUMMARY An 86-year-old man,with a history of sigmoid colon carcinoma,suffered from recurrent abdominal pain and distension,and diarrhea for six months,with inappetence.At admission,he was also diagnosed with depression.Upon physical examination,the patient presented with a 1.5 cm×2.0 cm alopecia areata on his right occiput.Due to the negative results of laboratory testing,capsule endoscopy,and colonoscopy,the patient was diagnosed with noninfectious diarrhea,depressive disorder,and patchy alopecia areata.Considering that noninfectious diarrhea in the elderly patient was mainly caused by gut dysbiosis,he was given six rounds of FMT.His diarrhea improved remarkably one month after FMT,with improved appetite and disappearance of abdominal pain,distension,and depressive symptoms.Surprisingly,he reported new hair growth on the affected region of his scalp,with some of his white hair gradually turning to black,without taking any other therapies for alopecia areata before and after FMT.CONCLUSION FMT might act as a potential therapy for patients who suffer from alopecia areata.Large and well-designed studies are required to confirm the role of FMT in alopecia areata.展开更多
AIM:To report the incidence,clinical features and outcomes of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement in Behcet’s disease(BD).METHODS:A total of 168 consecutive patients with BD were screened and upper and lower GI endoscopi...AIM:To report the incidence,clinical features and outcomes of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement in Behcet’s disease(BD).METHODS:A total of 168 consecutive patients with BD were screened and upper and lower GI endoscopies were performed in 148 patients.Four hundred age-and sex-matched controls were enrolled for comparison.RESULTS:Fifty-two(35.1%)patients had GI lesions.After a mean follow-up of 10 mo,ileocecal ulcers had been confirmed in 20 patients,including active ulcer(s)in 18 patients,but no ileocecal ulceration was found in controls.GI symptoms were present in 14 patients with active ulcer(s),while 4 patients with smaller ulcer were asymptomatic.Endoscopic features of ileocecalulcer were:a single ulcer(50%),larger than 1 cm in diameter(72.2%),and round/oval or volcano-type in shape(83.3%).Compared with patients without GI involvement,less ocular lesions,lower levels of albumin,erythrocyte count and hemoglobin,and higher levels of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were confirmed in the intestinal BD group.Four patients had esophageal ulcers in the BD group but no case in controls.The other endoscopic findings were similar between the two groups.The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was similar in both groups.Most patients received an immunomodulator and responded well.CONCLUSION:GI lesions commonly occur in Chinese BD patients.The most frequently involved area is the ileocecal region.Esophageal ulcer might be a rare but unique lesion.展开更多
基金Project of Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University，Project of Health Department of Minhang District in Shanghai (2013MW08)复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院科研课题，上海市闵行区卫生局科研课题
基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China,No.C001009
文摘AIM: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in the detoxification of many potential carcinogens and appear to play a critical role in the protection from the effects of carcinogens. The contribution of glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 genotypes to susceptibility to the risk of gastric cancer and their interaction with cigarette smoking are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was any relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTT1 and gastric cancer. METHODS: A population based case-control study was carried out in a high-risk area, Changle County, Fujian Province, China. The epidemiological data were collected by a standard questionnaire and blood samples were obtained from 95 incidence gastric cancer cases and 94 healthy controls. A polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect the presence or absence of the GSTT1 and GSTT1 genes in genomic DNA. Logistic regression model was employed in the data analysis. RESULTS: An increase in risk for gastric cancer was found among carriers of GSTT1 null genotype. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.63 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.17-5.88, after controlling for age, gender, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and fish sauce intake. The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype in cancer cases (43.16%) was not significantly different from that in controls (50.00%). However, the risk for gastric cancer in those with GSTT1 null and GSTT1 non-null genotype was significantly higher than in those with both GSTT1 and GSTT1 non-null genotype (OR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.15-6.77). Compared with those subjects who never smoked and had normal GSTT1 genotype, ORs were 1.60 (95% CI:0.62-4.19) for never smokers with GSTT1 null type, 2.33 (95% CI 0.88-6.28) for smokers with normal GSTT1, and 8.06 (95% CI 2.83-23.67) for smokers with GSTT1 null type. CONCLUSIONS: GSTT1 gene polymorphisms may be associated with genetic susceptibility of stomach cancer and may modulate tobacco-related carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.
基金Supported by Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province,No.20151283Department of Education of Guangdong Province,No.2014KQNCX113 and No.2018GKTSCX033
文摘BACKGROUND Alopecia areata is a hair loss disease associated with genetics,autoimmunity,and other factors.There is an intriguing link between alopecia areata and gut dysbiosis.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been recommended to treat Clostridium difficile(previously known as Clostridioides difficile)infection,and has also shown potentials in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.CASE SUMMARY An 86-year-old man,with a history of sigmoid colon carcinoma,suffered from recurrent abdominal pain and distension,and diarrhea for six months,with inappetence.At admission,he was also diagnosed with depression.Upon physical examination,the patient presented with a 1.5 cm×2.0 cm alopecia areata on his right occiput.Due to the negative results of laboratory testing,capsule endoscopy,and colonoscopy,the patient was diagnosed with noninfectious diarrhea,depressive disorder,and patchy alopecia areata.Considering that noninfectious diarrhea in the elderly patient was mainly caused by gut dysbiosis,he was given six rounds of FMT.His diarrhea improved remarkably one month after FMT,with improved appetite and disappearance of abdominal pain,distension,and depressive symptoms.Surprisingly,he reported new hair growth on the affected region of his scalp,with some of his white hair gradually turning to black,without taking any other therapies for alopecia areata before and after FMT.CONCLUSION FMT might act as a potential therapy for patients who suffer from alopecia areata.Large and well-designed studies are required to confirm the role of FMT in alopecia areata.
文摘AIM:To report the incidence,clinical features and outcomes of gastrointestinal(GI)involvement in Behcet’s disease(BD).METHODS:A total of 168 consecutive patients with BD were screened and upper and lower GI endoscopies were performed in 148 patients.Four hundred age-and sex-matched controls were enrolled for comparison.RESULTS:Fifty-two(35.1%)patients had GI lesions.After a mean follow-up of 10 mo,ileocecal ulcers had been confirmed in 20 patients,including active ulcer(s)in 18 patients,but no ileocecal ulceration was found in controls.GI symptoms were present in 14 patients with active ulcer(s),while 4 patients with smaller ulcer were asymptomatic.Endoscopic features of ileocecalulcer were:a single ulcer(50%),larger than 1 cm in diameter(72.2%),and round/oval or volcano-type in shape(83.3%).Compared with patients without GI involvement,less ocular lesions,lower levels of albumin,erythrocyte count and hemoglobin,and higher levels of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were confirmed in the intestinal BD group.Four patients had esophageal ulcers in the BD group but no case in controls.The other endoscopic findings were similar between the two groups.The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was similar in both groups.Most patients received an immunomodulator and responded well.CONCLUSION:GI lesions commonly occur in Chinese BD patients.The most frequently involved area is the ileocecal region.Esophageal ulcer might be a rare but unique lesion.
