Multi-terminal direct current(MTDC)grids provide the possibility of meshed interconnections between regional power systems and various renewable energy resources to boost supply reliability and economy.The modular mul...Multi-terminal direct current(MTDC)grids provide the possibility of meshed interconnections between regional power systems and various renewable energy resources to boost supply reliability and economy.The modular multilevel converter(MMC)has become the basic building block for MTDC and DC grids due to its salient features,i.e.,modularity and scalability.Therefore,the MMC-based MTDC systems should be pervasively embedded into the present power system to improve system performance.However,several technical challenges hamper their practical applications and deployment,including modeling,control,and protection of the MMC-MTDC grids.This paper presents a comprehensive investigation and reference in modeling,control,and protection of the MMC-MTDC grids.A general overview of state-of-the-art modeling techniques of the MMC along with their performance in simulation analysis for MTDC applications is provided.A review of control strategies of the MMC-MTDC grids which provide AC system support is presented.State-of-the art protection techniques of the MMCMTDC systems are also investigated.Finally,the associated research challenges and trends are highlighted.展开更多
The direct torque control theory has achieved great success in the control ofinduction motors. However, in the DTC drive system of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM)proposed a few years ago, there are many ba...The direct torque control theory has achieved great success in the control ofinduction motors. However, in the DTC drive system of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM)proposed a few years ago, there are many basic theoretical problems that must be clarified. Thispaper describes an investigation about the effect of the zero voltage space vectors in the DTCsystem of PMSM and points out that if using the zero voltage space vectors rationally, not only canthe DTC system be driven successfully but also the torque ripple is reduced and the performance ofthe system is improved. This paper also studies the sensorless technique in the DTC system of PMSMand configures the DTC system of PMSM with sensorless technique including zero voltage spacevectors. Numerical simulations and experimental tests have proved the theory correct. In thecondition of sensor-less, the DTC system of PMSM is wide-rangely speed adjusting, and the ratio ofspeed adjustment is 1: 100.展开更多
For the planning,operation and control of multiterminal voltage source converter(VSC)based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)(VSC-MTDC)systems,an accurate power flow formulation is a key starting point.Conventional pow...For the planning,operation and control of multiterminal voltage source converter(VSC)based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)(VSC-MTDC)systems,an accurate power flow formulation is a key starting point.Conventional power flow formulations assume the constant frequencies for all asynchronous AC systems.Therefore,a new feature about the complex coupling relations between AC frequencies,DC voltages and the exchanged power via VSC stations cannot be characterized if VSC-MTDC systems are required to provide cross-regional frequency responses.To address this issue,this paper proposes a comprehensive frequency-dependent power flow formulation.The proposed approach takes the frequencies of asynchronous AC systems as explicit variables,and investigates the novel bus models of the interlinking buses of VSC stations.The proposed approach accommodates different operation modes and frequency droop strategies of VSC stations,and considers the power losses of VSC stations.The effectiveness and generality of the developed approach are validated by a 6-terminal VSC-HVDC test system.The test system presents the characteristics of the coexistence of numerous VSC operation modes,the absence of slack buses in both AC and DC subsystems,and diversified grid configurations such as point-to-point integration of renewable energy sources and one AC system integrated with multiple VSC stations.展开更多
高压直流(high voltage direct current,HVDC)换流器具有一定的动态无功调节能力,充分利用换流站的无功调节能力,可显著改善HVDC系统的稳定性能。文中研究了HVDC系统稳态运行时的无功功率可调节能力,分析了有功功率和无功功率相互耦合...高压直流(high voltage direct current,HVDC)换流器具有一定的动态无功调节能力,充分利用换流站的无功调节能力,可显著改善HVDC系统的稳定性能。文中研究了HVDC系统稳态运行时的无功功率可调节能力,分析了有功功率和无功功率相互耦合的特性,以国际大电网(conference International des grands reseaux electriques,CIGRE)的HVDC标准测试模型和贵广Ⅱ直流输电工程模型为算例,对稳态工况的直流电流可运行范围进行了解析,进而求出整流、逆变两侧的无功功率可调节能力,并将其应用在无功控制中。研究发现,CIGRE的HVDC标准测试模型对于容性的无功功率和感性的无功功率调节能力相近,而贵广Ⅱ直流输电工程模型对感性无功的调节能力远大于对容性无功的调节能力。在电磁暂态仿真程序PSCAD/EMTDC中验证了无功功率可调节能力的正确性和应用价值。展开更多
基金funded by SGCC Science and Technology Program under project Research on Electromagnetic Transient Simulation Technology for Large-scale MMC-HVDC Systems.
文摘Multi-terminal direct current(MTDC)grids provide the possibility of meshed interconnections between regional power systems and various renewable energy resources to boost supply reliability and economy.The modular multilevel converter(MMC)has become the basic building block for MTDC and DC grids due to its salient features,i.e.,modularity and scalability.Therefore,the MMC-based MTDC systems should be pervasively embedded into the present power system to improve system performance.However,several technical challenges hamper their practical applications and deployment,including modeling,control,and protection of the MMC-MTDC grids.This paper presents a comprehensive investigation and reference in modeling,control,and protection of the MMC-MTDC grids.A general overview of state-of-the-art modeling techniques of the MMC along with their performance in simulation analysis for MTDC applications is provided.A review of control strategies of the MMC-MTDC grids which provide AC system support is presented.State-of-the art protection techniques of the MMCMTDC systems are also investigated.Finally,the associated research challenges and trends are highlighted.
基金Aeronautical Science Emphasis foundation of China( 98Z5 2 0 0 1) Delta Power Electronics Science &Education DevelopmentF und
文摘The direct torque control theory has achieved great success in the control ofinduction motors. However, in the DTC drive system of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM)proposed a few years ago, there are many basic theoretical problems that must be clarified. Thispaper describes an investigation about the effect of the zero voltage space vectors in the DTCsystem of PMSM and points out that if using the zero voltage space vectors rationally, not only canthe DTC system be driven successfully but also the torque ripple is reduced and the performance ofthe system is improved. This paper also studies the sensorless technique in the DTC system of PMSMand configures the DTC system of PMSM with sensorless technique including zero voltage spacevectors. Numerical simulations and experimental tests have proved the theory correct. In thecondition of sensor-less, the DTC system of PMSM is wide-rangely speed adjusting, and the ratio ofspeed adjustment is 1: 100.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0902200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1766201)State Grid Technology Project(No.SGGSKY00FJJS1600209)。
文摘For the planning,operation and control of multiterminal voltage source converter(VSC)based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)(VSC-MTDC)systems,an accurate power flow formulation is a key starting point.Conventional power flow formulations assume the constant frequencies for all asynchronous AC systems.Therefore,a new feature about the complex coupling relations between AC frequencies,DC voltages and the exchanged power via VSC stations cannot be characterized if VSC-MTDC systems are required to provide cross-regional frequency responses.To address this issue,this paper proposes a comprehensive frequency-dependent power flow formulation.The proposed approach takes the frequencies of asynchronous AC systems as explicit variables,and investigates the novel bus models of the interlinking buses of VSC stations.The proposed approach accommodates different operation modes and frequency droop strategies of VSC stations,and considers the power losses of VSC stations.The effectiveness and generality of the developed approach are validated by a 6-terminal VSC-HVDC test system.The test system presents the characteristics of the coexistence of numerous VSC operation modes,the absence of slack buses in both AC and DC subsystems,and diversified grid configurations such as point-to-point integration of renewable energy sources and one AC system integrated with multiple VSC stations.
文摘高压直流(high voltage direct current,HVDC)换流器具有一定的动态无功调节能力,充分利用换流站的无功调节能力,可显著改善HVDC系统的稳定性能。文中研究了HVDC系统稳态运行时的无功功率可调节能力,分析了有功功率和无功功率相互耦合的特性,以国际大电网(conference International des grands reseaux electriques,CIGRE)的HVDC标准测试模型和贵广Ⅱ直流输电工程模型为算例,对稳态工况的直流电流可运行范围进行了解析,进而求出整流、逆变两侧的无功功率可调节能力,并将其应用在无功控制中。研究发现,CIGRE的HVDC标准测试模型对于容性的无功功率和感性的无功功率调节能力相近,而贵广Ⅱ直流输电工程模型对感性无功的调节能力远大于对容性无功的调节能力。在电磁暂态仿真程序PSCAD/EMTDC中验证了无功功率可调节能力的正确性和应用价值。
