Gastric carcinoma remains a common disease worldwide with a dismal prognosis. Therefore, it represents a very important health problem. It occurs with a high incidence in Asia and is one of the leading causes of cance...Gastric carcinoma remains a common disease worldwide with a dismal prognosis. Therefore, it represents a very important health problem. It occurs with a high incidence in Asia and is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Although the incidence and mortality of gastric carcinoma are decreasing in many countries,gastric cancer still represents the second most frequent malignancies in the world and the fourth in Europe. The 5-year survival rate of gastric carcinoma is low. The etiology and pathogenesis are not yet fully known. The study of gastric cancer is important in clinical medicine as well as in public health. Over the past 15 years,integrated research in molecular pathology has clarified the details of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of cancer-related genes in the course of the development and progression of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer, as all cancers, is the end result of the interplay of many risk factors as well as protective factors. Although epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental factors play a major role in gastric carcinogenesis, the role of immunological, genetic, and immunogenetic factors are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. Among the environmental factors,diet and Helicobacter pylori are more amenable to intervention aimed at the prevention of gastric cancer.The aim of the present paper is to review and include the most recent published evidence to demonstrate that only a multidisciplinary approach will lead to the advancement of the pathogenesis and prevention of gastric cancer. On the immunogenetic research it is clear that evidence is accumulating to suggest that a genetic profile favoring the proinflammatory response increases the risk of gastric carcinoma.展开更多
目的观察“两治一调法”治疗痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2021年1月期间就诊于航空总医院中医科门诊的72例痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为治疗组35例和对照组37例。治疗组采用拔罐联合皮...目的观察“两治一调法”治疗痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2021年1月期间就诊于航空总医院中医科门诊的72例痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为治疗组35例和对照组37例。治疗组采用拔罐联合皮内针再配合饮食调理治疗,对照组采用饮食调理治疗。治疗3个月后,观察比较两组患者治疗前后体重、体重指数(Body mass index,BMI)、腰臀比指数(Waist hip ratio index,WHR)、腰围指数的变化,中医证候积分(形体肥胖,肢体困倦,脘痞胸满,口干而不欲饮,大便少,舌质淡胖或大,苔白腻或白滑,脉滑及证候总分)的变化及总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)及低密度脂蛋白(Lowdensity lipoprotein,LDL)的变化。观察比较两组患者临床疗效,不良反应发生情况及对治疗组患者进行随访。结果治疗后治疗组总有效率91.43%(32/35)明显高于对照组77.14%(27/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者体重、BMI、WHR及腰围指标均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组体重、BMI、WHR及腰围指标均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者中医证候总分及形体肥胖、肢体困倦、脘痞胸满及口干而不欲饮等主要证候积分均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组中医证候总分及形体肥胖、肢体困倦、脘痞胸满及口干而不欲饮等主要证候积分均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者TC、TG、LDL水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组TC、TG、LDL水平均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,治疗组不良反应发生率20.00%与对照组为22.86%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗结束3个月后,对治疗组35例进行随访,其中有2例因长期饮酒、饮食不规律等原因体�展开更多
The process of intestinal adaptation("enteroplasticity") is complex and multifaceted.Although a number of trophic nutrients and non-nutritive factors have been identified in animal studies,successful,reprodu...The process of intestinal adaptation("enteroplasticity") is complex and multifaceted.Although a number of trophic nutrients and non-nutritive factors have been identified in animal studies,successful,reproducible clinical trials in humans are awaited.Understanding mechanisms underlying this adaptive process may direct research toward strategies that maximize intestinal function and impart a true clinical benefit to patients with short bowel syndrome,or to persons in whom nutrient absorption needs to be maximized.In this review,we consider the morphological,kinetic and membrane biochemical aspects of enteroplasticity,focus on the importance of nutritional factors,provide an overview of the many hormones that may alter the adaptive process,and consider some of the possible molecular profiles.While most of the data is derived from rodent studies,wherever possible,the results of human studies of intestinal enteroplasticity are provided.展开更多
基金Supported by the Foundation of Immunogenetics and Cluster I of VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam
文摘Gastric carcinoma remains a common disease worldwide with a dismal prognosis. Therefore, it represents a very important health problem. It occurs with a high incidence in Asia and is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. Although the incidence and mortality of gastric carcinoma are decreasing in many countries,gastric cancer still represents the second most frequent malignancies in the world and the fourth in Europe. The 5-year survival rate of gastric carcinoma is low. The etiology and pathogenesis are not yet fully known. The study of gastric cancer is important in clinical medicine as well as in public health. Over the past 15 years,integrated research in molecular pathology has clarified the details of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities of cancer-related genes in the course of the development and progression of gastric cancer. Gastric cancer, as all cancers, is the end result of the interplay of many risk factors as well as protective factors. Although epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental factors play a major role in gastric carcinogenesis, the role of immunological, genetic, and immunogenetic factors are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. Among the environmental factors,diet and Helicobacter pylori are more amenable to intervention aimed at the prevention of gastric cancer.The aim of the present paper is to review and include the most recent published evidence to demonstrate that only a multidisciplinary approach will lead to the advancement of the pathogenesis and prevention of gastric cancer. On the immunogenetic research it is clear that evidence is accumulating to suggest that a genetic profile favoring the proinflammatory response increases the risk of gastric carcinoma.
文摘目的观察“两治一调法”治疗痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖的临床疗效。方法选取2020年1月—2021年1月期间就诊于航空总医院中医科门诊的72例痰湿内盛型单纯性肥胖患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为治疗组35例和对照组37例。治疗组采用拔罐联合皮内针再配合饮食调理治疗,对照组采用饮食调理治疗。治疗3个月后,观察比较两组患者治疗前后体重、体重指数(Body mass index,BMI)、腰臀比指数(Waist hip ratio index,WHR)、腰围指数的变化,中医证候积分(形体肥胖,肢体困倦,脘痞胸满,口干而不欲饮,大便少,舌质淡胖或大,苔白腻或白滑,脉滑及证候总分)的变化及总胆固醇(Total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)及低密度脂蛋白(Lowdensity lipoprotein,LDL)的变化。观察比较两组患者临床疗效,不良反应发生情况及对治疗组患者进行随访。结果治疗后治疗组总有效率91.43%(32/35)明显高于对照组77.14%(27/35),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者体重、BMI、WHR及腰围指标均较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组体重、BMI、WHR及腰围指标均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者中医证候总分及形体肥胖、肢体困倦、脘痞胸满及口干而不欲饮等主要证候积分均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组中医证候总分及形体肥胖、肢体困倦、脘痞胸满及口干而不欲饮等主要证候积分均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者TC、TG、LDL水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗组TC、TG、LDL水平均较对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,治疗组不良反应发生率20.00%与对照组为22.86%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗结束3个月后,对治疗组35例进行随访,其中有2例因长期饮酒、饮食不规律等原因体�
文摘The process of intestinal adaptation("enteroplasticity") is complex and multifaceted.Although a number of trophic nutrients and non-nutritive factors have been identified in animal studies,successful,reproducible clinical trials in humans are awaited.Understanding mechanisms underlying this adaptive process may direct research toward strategies that maximize intestinal function and impart a true clinical benefit to patients with short bowel syndrome,or to persons in whom nutrient absorption needs to be maximized.In this review,we consider the morphological,kinetic and membrane biochemical aspects of enteroplasticity,focus on the importance of nutritional factors,provide an overview of the many hormones that may alter the adaptive process,and consider some of the possible molecular profiles.While most of the data is derived from rodent studies,wherever possible,the results of human studies of intestinal enteroplasticity are provided.
