From the perspective of carbon disclosure goal,the paper defined the detail types of contents about carbon information disclosure,then constructed the carbon information disclosure index,by using the indices to 2011 a...From the perspective of carbon disclosure goal,the paper defined the detail types of contents about carbon information disclosure,then constructed the carbon information disclosure index,by using the indices to 2011 annual report of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Security Exchange,we found that Chinese enterprises' carbon disclosure scattered,industry structure quite different characteristics,quantity information and quality information asymmetry.展开更多
Characteristic grain size. Gc, is defined in the present paper. It indicates an intrinsic size of grainfor a given system. and has the following advantages over the average grain size which is based on a statisticalme...Characteristic grain size. Gc, is defined in the present paper. It indicates an intrinsic size of grainfor a given system. and has the following advantages over the average grain size which is based on a statisticalmean value of the linear intercept length of grains’ (1) The characteristic grain size G. has clear and determined geometric meaning. i. e. Gc refers to two times of the area-weighted average height of the surface elements to the centroid of grain or the average length of the chord through the centroid of grain: (2) The valueof G. can be directly obtained without introducing any correcting factors such as grain shape or grain size distribution factors. Generally. Gc is larger than the average grain size G when the Heyn intercept method isadopted for the grain size measurement.展开更多
文摘From the perspective of carbon disclosure goal,the paper defined the detail types of contents about carbon information disclosure,then constructed the carbon information disclosure index,by using the indices to 2011 annual report of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Security Exchange,we found that Chinese enterprises' carbon disclosure scattered,industry structure quite different characteristics,quantity information and quality information asymmetry.
文摘为了有效地实现多媒体地理信息系统 ( multimediageographic information system,MGIS)数据的存储和管理 ,必须设计有效的数据模型。但现有的几种多媒体数据模型( NF2模型、面向对象模型和超媒体模型等 )尚不能满足MGIS数据管理的要求。为此 ,深入分析了现有几种多媒体数据模型的优缺点及其相互关系 ,提出了一种新的、集现有几种多媒体数据模型优点于一体的多媒体数据组织和管理模型 ,即基于对象关系的超媒体数据模型 ( hyper-mediadata model based on object-relation,O-RHDM) ,论述了 O-RHDM的原理和方法 ,并给出了该模型的规范化描述和操作运算的数学定义。
文摘Characteristic grain size. Gc, is defined in the present paper. It indicates an intrinsic size of grainfor a given system. and has the following advantages over the average grain size which is based on a statisticalmean value of the linear intercept length of grains’ (1) The characteristic grain size G. has clear and determined geometric meaning. i. e. Gc refers to two times of the area-weighted average height of the surface elements to the centroid of grain or the average length of the chord through the centroid of grain: (2) The valueof G. can be directly obtained without introducing any correcting factors such as grain shape or grain size distribution factors. Generally. Gc is larger than the average grain size G when the Heyn intercept method isadopted for the grain size measurement.
