The Shapinggou porphyry molybdenum(Mo) deposit, located in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, China, is the largest in the Qinling-Dabie Mo Metallogenic Belt. The intrusive rocks in the Shapinggou Mo ore district formed ...The Shapinggou porphyry molybdenum(Mo) deposit, located in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, China, is the largest in the Qinling-Dabie Mo Metallogenic Belt. The intrusive rocks in the Shapinggou Mo ore district formed in the Yanshanian can be divided into two stages based on zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical features. This study focuses on the late stage intrusions(quartz syenite and granite porphyry), which are closely genetically related to molybdenum mineralization. Petrographic observations identified two quartz polymorphs in the quartz syenite and granite porphyry, which were derived from the same magmatic sources and similar evolutionary processes. The quartzes were identified as a xenomorphic β-quartz within quartz syenite, while the quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were pseudomorphous b-quartz, characterized by a hexagonal bipyramid crystallography. The pseudomorphous b-quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were altered from b-quartz through phase transformation. These crystals retained b-quartz pseudomorph. Combined with titanium-inzircon thermometry, quartz phase diagrams, and granitic Q-Ab-Or-H_2O phase diagrams, it is suggested that the quartz syenite and granite porphyry were formed under similar magmatic origins, including similar depths and magmatic crystallization temperatures. However, the β-quartz within quartz syenite indicated that the crystallization pressure was greater than 0.7 GPa, while the original b-quartz within the granite porphyry was formed under pressures between 0.4 and 0.7 GPa. The groundmass of the granite porphyry which formed after the phenocryst indicated a crystallizing pressure below 0.05 GPa. This indicates that the granite porphyry was formed under repetitive and rapid decompression. The decompression was significant as it caused the exsolution of the ore-forming fluids, and boiling and material precipitation during the magmatic-fluid process. The volumetric difference during the phase transformation from b-quartz to β-quartz caused extensive fra展开更多
Objective To investigate whether grain-sized moxibustion at Xinshu(BL15)and Shenshu(BL23)can alleviate cognitive decline and other pathologic features in early-stage Alzheimer disease(AD)using transgenic mice with 5 f...Objective To investigate whether grain-sized moxibustion at Xinshu(BL15)and Shenshu(BL23)can alleviate cognitive decline and other pathologic features in early-stage Alzheimer disease(AD)using transgenic mice with 5 familial AD mutations(5XFAD).Methods The genotype of transgenic mice was detected by polymerase chain reaction.A total of 40 transgenic mice(1.5 months old)were randomly and equally allocated to an AD model group(5XFAD group)or a grain-sized moxibustion group(5XFAD+GM group),with 20 wild-type(WT)mice(C57BL/6J)serving as the normal control group(WT group).Mice in the 5XFAD+GM group were treated by grain-sized moxibustion at bilateral Xinshu(BL15)and Shenshu(BL23).Mice in the WT group and 5XFAD group received no treatment but were restrained to ensure exposure to a similar experimental condition.Cognitive function and memory were assessed with the Morris water maze and Y-maze tests.The amyloidβ40(Aβ40)and amyloidβ42(Aβ42)levels in the brain were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;amyloid plaque deposition in brain tissue sections was detected by thioflavin-S staining;the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),cluster of differentiation 11b(CD11b),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results In the Morris water maze test,compared with the 5XFAD group,mice in the 5XFAD+GM group had a shorter escape latency and more target area crossings and spent more time in the target quadrant(P<0.05).In the Y-maze test,compared with the 5XFAD group,the number of training times of the 5XFAD+GM group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),together with more correct responses(P<0.05).Compared with the 5XFAD group,the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the brain tissue of the 5XFAD+GM group were significantly lower(P<0.05);in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,the total number of amyloidβplaque deposition were significantly lower(P<0.05);the expression levels of GFAP and CD11b were sig展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41172085 & 41472066)the Scientific Project of China Geological Survey (Grant No. 12120114028401)
文摘The Shapinggou porphyry molybdenum(Mo) deposit, located in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, China, is the largest in the Qinling-Dabie Mo Metallogenic Belt. The intrusive rocks in the Shapinggou Mo ore district formed in the Yanshanian can be divided into two stages based on zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical features. This study focuses on the late stage intrusions(quartz syenite and granite porphyry), which are closely genetically related to molybdenum mineralization. Petrographic observations identified two quartz polymorphs in the quartz syenite and granite porphyry, which were derived from the same magmatic sources and similar evolutionary processes. The quartzes were identified as a xenomorphic β-quartz within quartz syenite, while the quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were pseudomorphous b-quartz, characterized by a hexagonal bipyramid crystallography. The pseudomorphous b-quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were altered from b-quartz through phase transformation. These crystals retained b-quartz pseudomorph. Combined with titanium-inzircon thermometry, quartz phase diagrams, and granitic Q-Ab-Or-H_2O phase diagrams, it is suggested that the quartz syenite and granite porphyry were formed under similar magmatic origins, including similar depths and magmatic crystallization temperatures. However, the β-quartz within quartz syenite indicated that the crystallization pressure was greater than 0.7 GPa, while the original b-quartz within the granite porphyry was formed under pressures between 0.4 and 0.7 GPa. The groundmass of the granite porphyry which formed after the phenocryst indicated a crystallizing pressure below 0.05 GPa. This indicates that the granite porphyry was formed under repetitive and rapid decompression. The decompression was significant as it caused the exsolution of the ore-forming fluids, and boiling and material precipitation during the magmatic-fluid process. The volumetric difference during the phase transformation from b-quartz to β-quartz caused extensive fra
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(浙江省自然科学基金,No.LY13H270002).
文摘Objective To investigate whether grain-sized moxibustion at Xinshu(BL15)and Shenshu(BL23)can alleviate cognitive decline and other pathologic features in early-stage Alzheimer disease(AD)using transgenic mice with 5 familial AD mutations(5XFAD).Methods The genotype of transgenic mice was detected by polymerase chain reaction.A total of 40 transgenic mice(1.5 months old)were randomly and equally allocated to an AD model group(5XFAD group)or a grain-sized moxibustion group(5XFAD+GM group),with 20 wild-type(WT)mice(C57BL/6J)serving as the normal control group(WT group).Mice in the 5XFAD+GM group were treated by grain-sized moxibustion at bilateral Xinshu(BL15)and Shenshu(BL23).Mice in the WT group and 5XFAD group received no treatment but were restrained to ensure exposure to a similar experimental condition.Cognitive function and memory were assessed with the Morris water maze and Y-maze tests.The amyloidβ40(Aβ40)and amyloidβ42(Aβ42)levels in the brain were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;amyloid plaque deposition in brain tissue sections was detected by thioflavin-S staining;the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),cluster of differentiation 11b(CD11b),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Results In the Morris water maze test,compared with the 5XFAD group,mice in the 5XFAD+GM group had a shorter escape latency and more target area crossings and spent more time in the target quadrant(P<0.05).In the Y-maze test,compared with the 5XFAD group,the number of training times of the 5XFAD+GM group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),together with more correct responses(P<0.05).Compared with the 5XFAD group,the levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the brain tissue of the 5XFAD+GM group were significantly lower(P<0.05);in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex,the total number of amyloidβplaque deposition were significantly lower(P<0.05);the expression levels of GFAP and CD11b were sig
