The biosurfactants rhamnolipids and the “soil ecosystem engineers” earthworms are often used to remediate contaminated soils. However, the effects of rhamnolipids on earthworm intestinal flora and microbial communit...The biosurfactants rhamnolipids and the “soil ecosystem engineers” earthworms are often used to remediate contaminated soils. However, the effects of rhamnolipids on earthworm intestinal flora and microbial community in soil containing earthworms are not clearly understood. In our study, a 21-d microcosm experiment was carried out to reveal the effects of rhamnolipids on microbial abundance, composition, and metabolism, as well as contaminant degradation capacity. Both rhamnolipids and earthworms had positive effects on soil bacteria. Rhamnolipid-amended soil(RT) showed higher bacterial abundance and metabolic activity than earthworm-amended soil(ET), while the improvement in bacterial composition and contaminant degradation capacity by rhamnolipids was lower than that by earthworms. Notably, these effects were further amplified by the combined treatment of rhamnolipids and earthworms(RET). Specifically, the bacterial abundance(log-transferred) increased from 9.5 copies g-1in the control with no addition to 10.3, 10.6, and 11.1 copies g-1in ET, RT, and RET, respectively. Compared to ET, the relative abundance of the dominant phylum, Proteobacteria, increased from 41.66% to 51.67% in RET,and more pollutant-degrading bacteria were also enriched in RET. Therefore, the increases in bacterial abundance and contaminant-degrading bacteria led to the following ranking of soil dioxin removal rate: RET(77.28%) > ET(59.83%) > RT(24.65%) > control(4.71%). Moreover, the addition of rhamnolipids enhanced the abundance of bacterial functional genes involved in metabolism and environmental information processing. In addition, the composition and diversity of bacteria in the gut of earthworms were conspicuously affected by rhamnolipids, and the relative abundance of Microbacterium and Shewanella increased significantly(P < 0.05). Therefore, this study revealed that rhamnolipids remarkably influenced the abundance, composition, and metabolism of the microbial community in earthworm gut, further promoting the degradation rate o展开更多
通过富集培养法筛选分离到1株能以啶氧菌酯为唯一碳源的降解菌株PID-1,采用形态学、生理生化方法,并结合16S r DNA序列系统发育分析,将菌株PID-1初步鉴定为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)。菌株PID-1降解啶氧菌酯的最佳条...通过富集培养法筛选分离到1株能以啶氧菌酯为唯一碳源的降解菌株PID-1,采用形态学、生理生化方法,并结合16S r DNA序列系统发育分析,将菌株PID-1初步鉴定为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)。菌株PID-1降解啶氧菌酯的最佳条件为p H 7和35℃。在该降解条件下,培养5 d,菌株PID-1对100mg·L-1啶氧菌酯的降解率可达83.54%。将啶氧菌酯经PID-1降解后的物质经质谱扫描,通过谱库检索,发现其降解中间产物包括1-(1,5-dimethylhexyl-)-4-methyl-benzene、2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol、butyl 2-methyoxyethyl ester、bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)ester、1-(3-n-propoxyphenyl)-2-propanone oxime和2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFC1803100)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2018350)。
文摘The biosurfactants rhamnolipids and the “soil ecosystem engineers” earthworms are often used to remediate contaminated soils. However, the effects of rhamnolipids on earthworm intestinal flora and microbial community in soil containing earthworms are not clearly understood. In our study, a 21-d microcosm experiment was carried out to reveal the effects of rhamnolipids on microbial abundance, composition, and metabolism, as well as contaminant degradation capacity. Both rhamnolipids and earthworms had positive effects on soil bacteria. Rhamnolipid-amended soil(RT) showed higher bacterial abundance and metabolic activity than earthworm-amended soil(ET), while the improvement in bacterial composition and contaminant degradation capacity by rhamnolipids was lower than that by earthworms. Notably, these effects were further amplified by the combined treatment of rhamnolipids and earthworms(RET). Specifically, the bacterial abundance(log-transferred) increased from 9.5 copies g-1in the control with no addition to 10.3, 10.6, and 11.1 copies g-1in ET, RT, and RET, respectively. Compared to ET, the relative abundance of the dominant phylum, Proteobacteria, increased from 41.66% to 51.67% in RET,and more pollutant-degrading bacteria were also enriched in RET. Therefore, the increases in bacterial abundance and contaminant-degrading bacteria led to the following ranking of soil dioxin removal rate: RET(77.28%) > ET(59.83%) > RT(24.65%) > control(4.71%). Moreover, the addition of rhamnolipids enhanced the abundance of bacterial functional genes involved in metabolism and environmental information processing. In addition, the composition and diversity of bacteria in the gut of earthworms were conspicuously affected by rhamnolipids, and the relative abundance of Microbacterium and Shewanella increased significantly(P < 0.05). Therefore, this study revealed that rhamnolipids remarkably influenced the abundance, composition, and metabolism of the microbial community in earthworm gut, further promoting the degradation rate o
文摘通过富集培养法筛选分离到1株能以啶氧菌酯为唯一碳源的降解菌株PID-1,采用形态学、生理生化方法,并结合16S r DNA序列系统发育分析,将菌株PID-1初步鉴定为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)。菌株PID-1降解啶氧菌酯的最佳条件为p H 7和35℃。在该降解条件下,培养5 d,菌株PID-1对100mg·L-1啶氧菌酯的降解率可达83.54%。将啶氧菌酯经PID-1降解后的物质经质谱扫描,通过谱库检索,发现其降解中间产物包括1-(1,5-dimethylhexyl-)-4-methyl-benzene、2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol、butyl 2-methyoxyethyl ester、bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)ester、1-(3-n-propoxyphenyl)-2-propanone oxime和2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenol。
