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微波处理对亚麻籽油品质的影响 被引量:18
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作者 李媛媛 吴雪辉 段卓 《中国油脂》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第1期55-58,共4页
采用微波技术对亚麻籽粉进行处理,探讨了微波处理条件对亚麻籽粉中生氰糖苷含量、出油率以及亚麻籽油品质的影响。结果表明:微波处理可有效降低亚麻籽粉中生氰糖苷的含量,增加亚麻籽粉的出油率;对亚麻籽油中的黄酮和多酚类物质、类胡萝... 采用微波技术对亚麻籽粉进行处理,探讨了微波处理条件对亚麻籽粉中生氰糖苷含量、出油率以及亚麻籽油品质的影响。结果表明:微波处理可有效降低亚麻籽粉中生氰糖苷的含量,增加亚麻籽粉的出油率;对亚麻籽油中的黄酮和多酚类物质、类胡萝卜素、甾醇都有一定程度的提高,但亚麻籽油的过氧化值、酸值也会增加,碘值下降。 展开更多
关键词 微波处理 亚麻籽 出油率 生氰糖苷 亚麻籽油品质
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微波预处理亚麻籽对其压榨饼生氰糖苷含量及压榨油品质的影响 被引量:9
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作者 曹伟伟 黄庆德 +1 位作者 田光晶 邓乾春 《食品工业科技》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第9期134-138,共5页
优化了微波预处理亚麻籽降低其压榨饼生氰糖苷含量的条件,并比较了甘肃亚麻籽在最佳微波条件下微波前后压榨油的品质变化,同时对比了另外五个不同品种亚麻籽在最佳微波条件下其压榨饼生氰糖苷含量在微波前后的变化。结果表明:最佳微波... 优化了微波预处理亚麻籽降低其压榨饼生氰糖苷含量的条件,并比较了甘肃亚麻籽在最佳微波条件下微波前后压榨油的品质变化,同时对比了另外五个不同品种亚麻籽在最佳微波条件下其压榨饼生氰糖苷含量在微波前后的变化。结果表明:最佳微波条件为功率700 W,时间6 min,亚麻籽水分17%。在此微波条件下,甘肃亚麻籽压榨饼生氰糖苷含量降低至(4.18±0.23)mg/kg,其压榨油的酸价显著升高,过氧化值显著降低,黄色值、红色值均微弱增加。脂肪酸组成、甾醇含量没有显著性变化,总酚含量是直接压榨亚麻籽油的1.42倍;另外五个不同品种亚麻籽仅哈尔滨亚麻籽压榨饼中生氰糖苷的含量为(15.40±0.47)mg/kg,其余四个品种的压榨饼生氰糖苷含量均在5 mg/kg以下。 展开更多
关键词 微波预处理 压榨饼 生氰糖苷 压榨油
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Oximes: Unrecognized Chameleons in Genera and Specialized Plant Metabolism 被引量:4
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作者 Mette S rensen Elizabeth H.J. Neilson Birger Lindberg Moiler 《Molecular Plant》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第1期95-117,共23页
Oximes (R1R2C=NOH) are nitrogen-containing chemical constituents that are formed in species representing all kingdoms of life. In plants, oximes are positioned at important metabolic bifurcation points between gener... Oximes (R1R2C=NOH) are nitrogen-containing chemical constituents that are formed in species representing all kingdoms of life. In plants, oximes are positioned at important metabolic bifurcation points between general and specialized metabolism. The majority of plant oximes are amino acid-derived metabolites formed by the action of a cytochrome P450 from the CYP79 family. Auxin, cyanogenic glucosides, glucosinolates, and a number of other bioactive specialized metabolites including volatiles are produced from oximes. Oximes with the E configuration have high biological activity compared with Z-oximes. Oximes or their derivatives have been demonstrated or proposed to play roles in growth regulation, plant defense, pollinator attraction, and plant communication with the surrounding environment. In addition, oxime-derived products may serve as quenchers of reactive oxygen species and storage compounds for reduced nitrogen that may be released on demand by the activation of endogenous turnover pathways. As highly bioactive molecules, chemically synthesized oximes have found versatile uses in many sectors of society, especially in the agro- and medical sectors. This review provides an update on the structural diversity, occurrence, and biosynthesis of oximes in plants and discusses their role as key players in plant general and specialized metabolism. 展开更多
关键词 structural diversity CYP79 AUXIN cyanogenic glucosides volatile organic compounds E-oxime Z-oxime
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The effect of photo-irradiation on the growth and ingredient composition of young green barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) 被引量:1
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作者 Ryota Koga Tianxiao Meng +5 位作者 Eriko Nakamura Chizuru Miura Nobuto Irino Hari Prasad Devkota Shoji Yahara Ryuichiro Kondo 《Agricultural Sciences》 2013年第4期185-194,共10页
We clarified that photo-irradiation of young green barley from three different light sources, natural light, 100% red light-emitting diodes (R-LEDs), and a mixture of 90% red-LEDs + 10% blue-LEDs (RB-LEDs), had signif... We clarified that photo-irradiation of young green barley from three different light sources, natural light, 100% red light-emitting diodes (R-LEDs), and a mixture of 90% red-LEDs + 10% blue-LEDs (RB-LEDs), had significantly different results in growth degree (weight and height) and in components of young green barley. Barley that has sprouted for 15 days after germination did not show any apparent difference in height in response to irradiation by the three tested light sources, but by the 20th day of sprouting the height showed a positive effect by R-LEDs irradiation. By 15 days of sprouting the barley had achieved the heaviest weight by natural light irradiation, while the barley irradiated by R-LEDs had made remarkable progress at 20 days of sprouting. On the other hand, the irradiation by RB-LEDs showed a suppressive tendency after 15 days or more. The amino acid content, as indicated by dry weight conversion, was greatest in the barley irradiated by RB-LEDs, followed by R-LEDs, and natural light, which showed that LEDs irradiation is effective. In addition, four cyanogenic glucosides were isolated, identified, and quantified, as they are components frequently assessed in barley research. With regard to vitamin E, R-LEDs irradiation increased γ-tocopherol. Our results indicate that irradiation by LEDs would be effective for the enhancement of the functionality of young green barley. 展开更多
关键词 HORDEUM Vulgare LEDs cyanogenic glucosides Amino Acid TOCOPHEROL SEM
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牧草作物中氰化物的研究进展 被引量:3
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作者 付丽平 刘璐 +4 位作者 陈旺 吕鑫 王乾坤 刘全兰 王家林 《草学》 2020年第2期4-10,共7页
生菁糖苷植物因其释放的高浓度氰化物而引起关注。本文综述了牧草中生菁糖苷的常见种类、毒性和其他作用,总结了通过无或低氢氰酸牧草选育、水浸泡、磨碎、加热蒸煮、适量饲喂、微生物发酵等方法来避免或减轻氰化物的毒性。本文还总结... 生菁糖苷植物因其释放的高浓度氰化物而引起关注。本文综述了牧草中生菁糖苷的常见种类、毒性和其他作用,总结了通过无或低氢氰酸牧草选育、水浸泡、磨碎、加热蒸煮、适量饲喂、微生物发酵等方法来避免或减轻氰化物的毒性。本文还总结了生菁糖苷和氰化物在牧草组织中呈现出动态变化的特征:高粱牧草中叶的浓度最高,其次是叶鞘,含量最少的是根;百脉根的幼苗和成熟植株顶端叶中浓度较高,根和种子里没有检测到;箭筈豌豆种子中检测到的含量最高,其次是花中,但叶子、茎和根中含量甚微。可见,牧草中氰化物变化规律的研究将有利于牧草更稳更好的发展。 展开更多
关键词 牧草 生菁糖苷 HCN
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蒜头果中CYP71基因克隆与果实不同发育时期的表达分析 被引量:1
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作者 原晓龙 陈中华 +1 位作者 李云琴 王毅 《广西植物》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第4期501-508,共8页
由氨基酸衍生的氰苷是由植物细胞色素P450单加氧酶(CYP)催化氨基酸生成的次生代谢产物,与植物的防御和抗逆境胁迫相关。该研究通过分析蒜头果转录组数据,从中分离并克隆得到1条细胞色素P450基因(命名为MoCYP71,GenBank登录号为MK172858)... 由氨基酸衍生的氰苷是由植物细胞色素P450单加氧酶(CYP)催化氨基酸生成的次生代谢产物,与植物的防御和抗逆境胁迫相关。该研究通过分析蒜头果转录组数据,从中分离并克隆得到1条细胞色素P450基因(命名为MoCYP71,GenBank登录号为MK172858),对其进行生物信息学分析并检测该基因在果实不同发育时期的表达情况。结果表明:MoCYP71基因含1572 bp,编码523个氨基酸,该基因的cDNA序列与咖啡(Coffea eugenioides,XM027319282)、小果咖啡(Coffea arabica,XM027213456)中的CYP71基因的mRNA序列均有88%的一致性;MoCYP71蛋白的相对分子质量为58976.54,理论等电点pI为8.10,分子式为C2675H4184N704O744S27,不稳定系数(Ⅱ)为40.84,是一种不稳定蛋白;该蛋白不存在信号肽,存在于分泌途径,含有两个跨膜结构,分别位于20~37和311~333位的氨基酸为跨膜疏水螺旋,锚定于细胞器上;该蛋白含有CYP家族的保守结构域,包括脯氨酸富集区(PPSPPRLP)、K螺旋(KETFR)、I螺旋(GGIDTS)、PERF域(PERF)和识别结构域血红素结合域(FGAGRRICPG),与可可、榴莲、高粱等的CYP71E家族的蛋白(GenBank登录号分别为EOX92908.1、XP022773875.1和AAC39318.1)聚为一支;在花谢后,MoCYP71基因表达量逐渐降低,花谢后1个月>2个月>3个月,但在花谢后4个月的表达量急剧增加。以上结果对研究蒜头果的对虫害的防御、组织成熟及蒜头果中有效次生代谢产物的发掘具有重要意义。 展开更多
关键词 蒜头果 CYP71基因 氰苷 生物信息学分析 基因表达
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