采用嵌入原子势的分子动力学模拟方法,研究了5×10^9 s^–1应变率下,温度效应对单晶铁中孔洞成核与生长的影响,并对NAG(nucleation and growth)模型在单晶铁中的适用性进行了探讨.结果表明:随着温度的升高,单晶铁的抗拉强度峰值降低...采用嵌入原子势的分子动力学模拟方法,研究了5×10^9 s^–1应变率下,温度效应对单晶铁中孔洞成核与生长的影响,并对NAG(nucleation and growth)模型在单晶铁中的适用性进行了探讨.结果表明:随着温度的升高,单晶铁的抗拉强度峰值降低,1100K温度下单晶铁抗拉强度峰值比100 K温度下降低了35.9%.在100-700K温度下,拉应力时程曲线表现出双峰值特点,分析表明,第一峰值是由于拉应力升高引起内部结构发生相变而产生,第二峰值则是因发生孔洞成核与生长而产生;900-1100K温度下,拉应力时程曲线表现为单峰值,孔洞成核与生长是拉应力下降的主要原因.分析发现,孔洞在高温下更容易成核,高应变率下单晶铁中孔洞成核与生长和NAG模型有较好的符合度,单晶铁中孔洞成核阈值与生长阈值都远高于低碳钢,并且孔洞成核阈值与生长阈值随着温度的升高而逐渐降低.研究结果可为建立高应变率下金属材料动态损伤演化模型提供借鉴.展开更多
Pd was electrochemically deposited on gold-coated quartz crystals at nanogram-level. The coulombic efficiency and initial nucleation and growth mechanism of potentiostatic Pd deposition were investigated via in situ e...Pd was electrochemically deposited on gold-coated quartz crystals at nanogram-level. The coulombic efficiency and initial nucleation and growth mechanism of potentiostatic Pd deposition were investigated via in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance（EQCM）. The coulombic efficieneies are 84%, 93% and 95% for Pd deposition at 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 V（vs. SCE）, respectively. The results of chronoamperometric measurements show that the Pd deposition proceeded by an instantaneous nucleation（at 0.3 V） or progressive nucleation（at 0.2 and 0.1 V） in a three-dimensional（3D） growth mode. The catalytic activity of Pd-based electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation was characterized in an alkaline solution. It was found that the highest mass activity for ethanol oxidation on Pd-based electrocatalyst is 1.8× 10^4 A/（g Pd） deposited at 0.3 V for 5 s.展开更多
Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and...Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and crystallization. The glass was melted in a platinum crucible at 1 600 ℃ for 2 h and then two-step heat treated for the nucleation and the crystal growth. The nucleation and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Specimens heat-treated on different schedules were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction to determine crystalline phases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the glass-ceramics morphology, the grain size and distribution in the residual glass matrix. The reorganization of the amorphous solid was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The transmittance was measured by a UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer .展开更多
ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, we...ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, were also applied in the synthesis mixture. The effects of various parameters such as the aging time, the type and amount of co-solvent on the ZSM-22 crystal aspect ratio were investigated. When employing this microwave irradiation synthesis, a long aging time was crucial to obtain smaller and more uniform crystal sizes. The addition of co-solvent resulted in elongated ZSM-22 crystals, regard- less of the actual co-solvent used, although ZSM-22 zeolite crystallinity was sensitive to the co-solvent type. In general, the use of a co-solvent stimulated the appearance of ZSM-5 zeolite as an impurity and the amount of this impurity was proportional to the concentration of co-solvent in the synthesis mixture.展开更多
文摘采用嵌入原子势的分子动力学模拟方法,研究了5×10^9 s^–1应变率下,温度效应对单晶铁中孔洞成核与生长的影响,并对NAG(nucleation and growth)模型在单晶铁中的适用性进行了探讨.结果表明:随着温度的升高,单晶铁的抗拉强度峰值降低,1100K温度下单晶铁抗拉强度峰值比100 K温度下降低了35.9%.在100-700K温度下,拉应力时程曲线表现出双峰值特点,分析表明,第一峰值是由于拉应力升高引起内部结构发生相变而产生,第二峰值则是因发生孔洞成核与生长而产生;900-1100K温度下,拉应力时程曲线表现为单峰值,孔洞成核与生长是拉应力下降的主要原因.分析发现,孔洞在高温下更容易成核,高应变率下单晶铁中孔洞成核与生长和NAG模型有较好的符合度,单晶铁中孔洞成核阈值与生长阈值都远高于低碳钢,并且孔洞成核阈值与生长阈值随着温度的升高而逐渐降低.研究结果可为建立高应变率下金属材料动态损伤演化模型提供借鉴.
基金Supported by the Guangdong Science and Technology Key Projects, China(Nos.2007A010700001, 2007B090400032)Guangzhou Science and Technology Key Projects, China(Nos.2007Z1-D0051, SKT[2007]17-11) the Scientific Research Foundation for Young Teachers of the Sun Yat-Sen University, China(No.2006-31000-1131214)
文摘Pd was electrochemically deposited on gold-coated quartz crystals at nanogram-level. The coulombic efficiency and initial nucleation and growth mechanism of potentiostatic Pd deposition were investigated via in situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance（EQCM）. The coulombic efficieneies are 84%, 93% and 95% for Pd deposition at 0.3, 0.2 and 0.1 V（vs. SCE）, respectively. The results of chronoamperometric measurements show that the Pd deposition proceeded by an instantaneous nucleation（at 0.3 V） or progressive nucleation（at 0.2 and 0.1 V） in a three-dimensional（3D） growth mode. The catalytic activity of Pd-based electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation was characterized in an alkaline solution. It was found that the highest mass activity for ethanol oxidation on Pd-based electrocatalyst is 1.8× 10^4 A/（g Pd） deposited at 0.3 V for 5 s.
基金Funded bythe Chinese Education Ministry(No.KB20026)
文摘Zinc aluminosilicate glasses containing Li2 O, ZnO , Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared by conventional melting and quenching technique, and subsequently converted to transparent glass-ceramics by controlled nucleation and crystallization. The glass was melted in a platinum crucible at 1 600 ℃ for 2 h and then two-step heat treated for the nucleation and the crystal growth. The nucleation and crystallization temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Specimens heat-treated on different schedules were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction to determine crystalline phases. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the glass-ceramics morphology, the grain size and distribution in the residual glass matrix. The reorganization of the amorphous solid was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The transmittance was measured by a UV-Vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometer .
文摘ZSM-22 （TON） zeolite crystal morphology was successfully controlled using a microwave-assisted solvothermal fabrication method. Different co-solvents, including ethanol, 2-propanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol, were also applied in the synthesis mixture. The effects of various parameters such as the aging time, the type and amount of co-solvent on the ZSM-22 crystal aspect ratio were investigated. When employing this microwave irradiation synthesis, a long aging time was crucial to obtain smaller and more uniform crystal sizes. The addition of co-solvent resulted in elongated ZSM-22 crystals, regard- less of the actual co-solvent used, although ZSM-22 zeolite crystallinity was sensitive to the co-solvent type. In general, the use of a co-solvent stimulated the appearance of ZSM-5 zeolite as an impurity and the amount of this impurity was proportional to the concentration of co-solvent in the synthesis mixture.
