目的：探讨超声在小儿全麻诱导期面罩通气阶段对胃进气实时监测的临床价值。方法：随机选取全麻下行择期手术的男性患儿54例,年龄2~4岁,按压力控制（PCV）模式下气道峰压（PIP）设定值随机分为3组（n=18）：P8组（PIP 8 cm H2O）、P12组...目的：探讨超声在小儿全麻诱导期面罩通气阶段对胃进气实时监测的临床价值。方法：随机选取全麻下行择期手术的男性患儿54例,年龄2~4岁,按压力控制（PCV）模式下气道峰压（PIP）设定值随机分为3组（n=18）：P8组（PIP 8 cm H2O）、P12组（PIP 12 cm H2O）、P16组（PIP 16 cm H2O）。全麻诱导后行面罩正压通气120 s,测量通气前后超声下胃窦横截面积（CSA）,并记录通气后30、60、90及120 s的脉搏氧饱和度（SpO2）、潮气量（Vt）、呼气末二氧化碳分压（P（ET）CO2）与呼气末氧浓度（ETO2）。结果：面罩通气120 s后,共24例患儿发生胃内误进气（占45.3%）,P12组与P16组患儿胃窦CSA显著增加。P8组患儿Vt显著低于其他2组,且通气量过低（〈6 m L/kg）患儿比率较高（占66.6%）。面罩通气120 s后,P8组患儿产生一定程度的二氧化碳蓄积[P（ET）CO2=（40.6±4.0）mm Hg],P16组患儿则表现为过度通气[P（ET）CO2=（23.6±1.4）mm Hg];P8组患儿ETO2显著低于另2组,P12组与P16组间差异无统计学意义。结论：超声实时监测利于及时发现小儿全麻诱导期面罩通气阶段胃内误进气,且PCV模式下PIP设定为12 cm H2O时,既可保证高质量预充氧,又可避免过度胃进气。展开更多
Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks’ treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into contro...Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks’ treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and training group. The treadmill training of the training group rats was incessantly performed for 4-6 weeks at an intensity of about 75% VO2max (18.5-24 m/min,gradient of 0°,each training session lasting 50 minutes,twice a day). The content of gastrocnemius MHC mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and the changes of muscle fibre and its cross-section area (CSA) were measured using immunohistochemistry. Electric stimulation tests were used to determine the maximal tension of isometric contraction of the post-training gastrocnemius. Results ① After continuous treadmill training for 4-6 weeks,we found that the content of the total MHC,MHC Ⅰ,MHC Ⅱx,MHC Ⅱa mRNAs was 105%,105%,109% and 108% of that in the resting control group,respectively,and the MHC Ⅱb mRNA content did not change significantly. The percentage of MHC Ⅰ mRNA in the total MHC mRNA increased while that of MHC Ⅱ mRNA decreased after aerobic training. ② The slow type of fibre type Ⅰ was the main part of the MHC after training and the CSA of the muscle fibres increased simultaneously. ③ The maximal tension of isometric contraction by pulse stimulation of square wave in the training group increased significantly compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings indicate that aerobic exercise may promote an increase in the contractile function of MHC.展开更多
文摘目的：探讨超声在小儿全麻诱导期面罩通气阶段对胃进气实时监测的临床价值。方法：随机选取全麻下行择期手术的男性患儿54例,年龄2~4岁,按压力控制（PCV）模式下气道峰压（PIP）设定值随机分为3组（n=18）：P8组（PIP 8 cm H2O）、P12组（PIP 12 cm H2O）、P16组（PIP 16 cm H2O）。全麻诱导后行面罩正压通气120 s,测量通气前后超声下胃窦横截面积（CSA）,并记录通气后30、60、90及120 s的脉搏氧饱和度（SpO2）、潮气量（Vt）、呼气末二氧化碳分压（P（ET）CO2）与呼气末氧浓度（ETO2）。结果：面罩通气120 s后,共24例患儿发生胃内误进气（占45.3%）,P12组与P16组患儿胃窦CSA显著增加。P8组患儿Vt显著低于其他2组,且通气量过低（〈6 m L/kg）患儿比率较高（占66.6%）。面罩通气120 s后,P8组患儿产生一定程度的二氧化碳蓄积[P（ET）CO2=（40.6±4.0）mm Hg],P16组患儿则表现为过度通气[P（ET）CO2=（23.6±1.4）mm Hg];P8组患儿ETO2显著低于另2组,P12组与P16组间差异无统计学意义。结论：超声实时监测利于及时发现小儿全麻诱导期面罩通气阶段胃内误进气,且PCV模式下PIP设定为12 cm H2O时,既可保证高质量预充氧,又可避免过度胃进气。
基金supported by 863 Program Key Project (2007AA042100)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No.2007C216)
文摘Objective To study the effect of 4-6 weeks’ treadmill training of male SD rats on the contractile function of their gastrocnemius myosin heavy chain (MHC). Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and training group. The treadmill training of the training group rats was incessantly performed for 4-6 weeks at an intensity of about 75% VO2max (18.5-24 m/min,gradient of 0°,each training session lasting 50 minutes,twice a day). The content of gastrocnemius MHC mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),and the changes of muscle fibre and its cross-section area (CSA) were measured using immunohistochemistry. Electric stimulation tests were used to determine the maximal tension of isometric contraction of the post-training gastrocnemius. Results ① After continuous treadmill training for 4-6 weeks,we found that the content of the total MHC,MHC Ⅰ,MHC Ⅱx,MHC Ⅱa mRNAs was 105%,105%,109% and 108% of that in the resting control group,respectively,and the MHC Ⅱb mRNA content did not change significantly. The percentage of MHC Ⅰ mRNA in the total MHC mRNA increased while that of MHC Ⅱ mRNA decreased after aerobic training. ② The slow type of fibre type Ⅰ was the main part of the MHC after training and the CSA of the muscle fibres increased simultaneously. ③ The maximal tension of isometric contraction by pulse stimulation of square wave in the training group increased significantly compared with that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The findings indicate that aerobic exercise may promote an increase in the contractile function of MHC.
