Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and...Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and forming the plateau landscape. In company with uplifting and northward extruding of the Tibetan plateau, the contractional tectonic deformations persistently spread outward, building a gigantic basin-range system around the Tibetan plateau. This system is herein termed as the Cir- cure-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, in which the global largest diffuse and the most energetic intra-continental defor- mations were involved, and populations of inheritance foreland basins or thrust belts were developed along the margins of an- cient cratonic plates due to the effects of the cratonic amalgamation, crust differentiation, orogen rejuvenation, and basin sub- sidence. There are three primary tectonic units in the Circum-Tibet Plateau Basin-Range System, which are the reactivated an- cient orogens, the foreland thrust belts, and the miniature cratonic basins. The Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System is a gigantic deformation system and particular Himalayan tectonic domain in central-western China and is comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. In this system, northward and eastward developments of thrust deformations exhibit an arc-shaped area along the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian-Longmenshan mountain belts, and further expand outward to the Altai-Yinshan-Luliangshan- Huayingshan mountain belts during the Late Cenozoic sustained collision of Indo-Asia. Intense intra-continental deformations lead ancient orogens to rejuvenate, young foreland basins to form in-between orogens and cratons, and thrusts to propagate from orogens to cratons in successive order. Driven by the Eurasia-Indian collision and its far field effects, both deformation and basin-range couplings in the arc-shaped area decrease from south to north. When a single basin-range unit is focused on, deformations become younger and younger together with m展开更多
According to geotectonic evolution and regional lithospheric features, the authors proposed six metallogenic domains in China: (1) Tianshan Xingmeng metallogenic domain, (2) Tarim North China metallogenic domain, (3...According to geotectonic evolution and regional lithospheric features, the authors proposed six metallogenic domains in China: (1) Tianshan Xingmeng metallogenic domain, (2) Tarim North China metallogenic domain, (3) Qinling Qilian Kunlun metallogenic domain, (4) Yangtze metallogenic domain, (5) South China metallogenic domain and (6) Himalaya Sanjiang metallogenic domain. In this paper, the authors also discuss, on the bases of geotectonic background and metallogenic evolutionary history, some metallogenic features of China: (1) A large percentage of ore formation occurred in paleo continental margins, including continental marginal rift and continental marginal accretionary orogenic belt. The majority of main mineral deposits are discovered on continental margins. (2) Superimposition of mineralization, favored the building up of giant and large mineral deposits, but often made the mineral deposits more complex in composition (associated components), morphology and structure. (3) Mineralization of crust derived anatectic granite is intensive and especially concentrated in the South China metallogenic domain. Mineralizations, including W, Sn and REE, are the products of long and mature development of W Sn polymetal rich earth crust in the metamorphic basement of South China Caledonian fold belt. (4) Epithermal ore forming system is well developed in the southwest part of Yangtze continental block. Ore deposits of Hg, Sb, As, Au, Ag and U densely occur in sedimentary strata of the Late Paleozoic to Triassic. Ge, Tl, Te can also constitute independent ore deposits. (5) Ore formation caused by tectonic dynamic activities is distinctive. Small scale continental blocks of China display intensive activities, which played a widespread and diverse role in ore control. Junctions of faults, synchronous faults, shear zone structure and metamorphic core complex are main ore control structures. (6) The gold mineralization is complex and diversified. The greenstone type gold ores in China were emplaced in the M展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2011ZX05003-002)
文摘Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and forming the plateau landscape. In company with uplifting and northward extruding of the Tibetan plateau, the contractional tectonic deformations persistently spread outward, building a gigantic basin-range system around the Tibetan plateau. This system is herein termed as the Cir- cure-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, in which the global largest diffuse and the most energetic intra-continental defor- mations were involved, and populations of inheritance foreland basins or thrust belts were developed along the margins of an- cient cratonic plates due to the effects of the cratonic amalgamation, crust differentiation, orogen rejuvenation, and basin sub- sidence. There are three primary tectonic units in the Circum-Tibet Plateau Basin-Range System, which are the reactivated an- cient orogens, the foreland thrust belts, and the miniature cratonic basins. The Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System is a gigantic deformation system and particular Himalayan tectonic domain in central-western China and is comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. In this system, northward and eastward developments of thrust deformations exhibit an arc-shaped area along the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian-Longmenshan mountain belts, and further expand outward to the Altai-Yinshan-Luliangshan- Huayingshan mountain belts during the Late Cenozoic sustained collision of Indo-Asia. Intense intra-continental deformations lead ancient orogens to rejuvenate, young foreland basins to form in-between orogens and cratons, and thrusts to propagate from orogens to cratons in successive order. Driven by the Eurasia-Indian collision and its far field effects, both deformation and basin-range couplings in the arc-shaped area decrease from south to north. When a single basin-range unit is focused on, deformations become younger and younger together with m
基金The study is supported financially by the State"973"High-Tech Project( No.G19990 43 2 0 0 -15 ) and the Key Project of the Fo
文摘According to geotectonic evolution and regional lithospheric features, the authors proposed six metallogenic domains in China: (1) Tianshan Xingmeng metallogenic domain, (2) Tarim North China metallogenic domain, (3) Qinling Qilian Kunlun metallogenic domain, (4) Yangtze metallogenic domain, (5) South China metallogenic domain and (6) Himalaya Sanjiang metallogenic domain. In this paper, the authors also discuss, on the bases of geotectonic background and metallogenic evolutionary history, some metallogenic features of China: (1) A large percentage of ore formation occurred in paleo continental margins, including continental marginal rift and continental marginal accretionary orogenic belt. The majority of main mineral deposits are discovered on continental margins. (2) Superimposition of mineralization, favored the building up of giant and large mineral deposits, but often made the mineral deposits more complex in composition (associated components), morphology and structure. (3) Mineralization of crust derived anatectic granite is intensive and especially concentrated in the South China metallogenic domain. Mineralizations, including W, Sn and REE, are the products of long and mature development of W Sn polymetal rich earth crust in the metamorphic basement of South China Caledonian fold belt. (4) Epithermal ore forming system is well developed in the southwest part of Yangtze continental block. Ore deposits of Hg, Sb, As, Au, Ag and U densely occur in sedimentary strata of the Late Paleozoic to Triassic. Ge, Tl, Te can also constitute independent ore deposits. (5) Ore formation caused by tectonic dynamic activities is distinctive. Small scale continental blocks of China display intensive activities, which played a widespread and diverse role in ore control. Junctions of faults, synchronous faults, shear zone structure and metamorphic core complex are main ore control structures. (6) The gold mineralization is complex and diversified. The greenstone type gold ores in China were emplaced in the M
