The well-known CCSDS(consultative committee for space data systems) LDPC(low density parity check) code for near-earth applications is discussed and used for a case study of Mc Eliece system. First, a data error is pi...The well-known CCSDS(consultative committee for space data systems) LDPC(low density parity check) code for near-earth applications is discussed and used for a case study of Mc Eliece system. First, a data error is picked out with the CCSDS LDPC code. The problem with its generator matrix is illustrated and overcome by a shortened code with some middle code bits deleted. In correspondence, its parity check matrix is also revised with the new quasi-cyclic(QC)-LDPC code. Second, a fast decoding scheme for general QC-LDPC codes is proposed based on flipping bits and fetching words. Besides, a lightweight CCSDS LDPC code based Mc Eliece system can be set up with such codes. The repaired CCSDS LDPC code is supposed to be still useful for communications and storages, and the normalized decoding algorithm is also efficient for general QC-LDPC codes.展开更多
The rule of law in China should be advanced under a systems framework. The systems framework on which the Chinese rule of law relies is shaped by the socialist democratic system. Socialist consultative democracy, whic...The rule of law in China should be advanced under a systems framework. The systems framework on which the Chinese rule of law relies is shaped by the socialist democratic system. Socialist consultative democracy, which responds to the core themes of the determinant of socialism, Party leadership, the democratic tradition of New China and native resources for constructing the rule of law, is an important resource for constructing the rule of law in China. In a constitutional system of＂ruling Party--political power--the people＂ that takes the sovereignty of the people as the logic of its starting point, consultative democracy plays the role of functional coupling. Popular sovereignty gains political legitimacy on the basis of multi- party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, thus translating the will of the ruling Party into the will of the state. Consultative democracy constitutes an essential process in national decision-making, affording a basis for the construction of the inherent logical sequence of ＂ruling Party--Consultative Conference--People＇s Congress.＂ The democratic supervision exercised by the Consultative Conference is an extension of political consultation; from it unfolds the systems framework of the rule of law in China.展开更多
The logical sequence of China＇s state governance is ＂governing party--consultative conferences--people＇s congresses--the people.＂ The ＂governing party--consultative conferences＂ link in the chain involves politi...The logical sequence of China＇s state governance is ＂governing party--consultative conferences--people＇s congresses--the people.＂ The ＂governing party--consultative conferences＂ link in the chain involves political consultation through people＇s consultative conferences. The ＂governing party--consultative conferences--people＇s congresses＂ link involves a process of obtaining legitimacy for the Party＇s views based on political consultations which are then translated into the national will by the system of people＇s congresses. The ＂people＇s congresses--the people＂ link involves the two-pronged logic of elections and governing the country according to law. The ＂governing party--the people＂ link is an illustration of the party＇s mass line, which essentially involves social consultation. Consultative democracy usually includes the political consultation in the ＂governing party---consultative conferences＂ link and the social consultation in the ＂governing party-- the people＂ link in the chain, both of which are connected through the system of people＇s congresses. This logically determines the inner relations between the Party＇s leadership, consultative democracy and the people＇s congress form of representative democracy and shapes the institutionalization of consultative democracy. That is, in the process of democratic decision-making, a circular system consisting of ＂political consultation-- legislative consultation--social consultation＂ is created to guide development of the actual system.展开更多
基金Supported by the Guangzhou Innovation Leading Team Program (201909010008)。
文摘The well-known CCSDS(consultative committee for space data systems) LDPC(low density parity check) code for near-earth applications is discussed and used for a case study of Mc Eliece system. First, a data error is picked out with the CCSDS LDPC code. The problem with its generator matrix is illustrated and overcome by a shortened code with some middle code bits deleted. In correspondence, its parity check matrix is also revised with the new quasi-cyclic(QC)-LDPC code. Second, a fast decoding scheme for general QC-LDPC codes is proposed based on flipping bits and fetching words. Besides, a lightweight CCSDS LDPC code based Mc Eliece system can be set up with such codes. The repaired CCSDS LDPC code is supposed to be still useful for communications and storages, and the normalized decoding algorithm is also efficient for general QC-LDPC codes.
文摘The rule of law in China should be advanced under a systems framework. The systems framework on which the Chinese rule of law relies is shaped by the socialist democratic system. Socialist consultative democracy, which responds to the core themes of the determinant of socialism, Party leadership, the democratic tradition of New China and native resources for constructing the rule of law, is an important resource for constructing the rule of law in China. In a constitutional system of＂ruling Party--political power--the people＂ that takes the sovereignty of the people as the logic of its starting point, consultative democracy plays the role of functional coupling. Popular sovereignty gains political legitimacy on the basis of multi- party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, thus translating the will of the ruling Party into the will of the state. Consultative democracy constitutes an essential process in national decision-making, affording a basis for the construction of the inherent logical sequence of ＂ruling Party--Consultative Conference--People＇s Congress.＂ The democratic supervision exercised by the Consultative Conference is an extension of political consultation; from it unfolds the systems framework of the rule of law in China.
基金This paper is the result of a major project of the Central Marxist Theoretical Research and Development Project and the National Social Science Foundation, ＂Comprehensively Promote Governance of the Country in Accordance with the Law＂ （2015MZD042） and a major project of the National Social Science Foundation （14DC027）. Thanks to Prof. Zhang Hong, Prof. Qin Xiaojian and Prof.Li Dong for their help revising this paper as well as to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions.
文摘The logical sequence of China＇s state governance is ＂governing party--consultative conferences--people＇s congresses--the people.＂ The ＂governing party--consultative conferences＂ link in the chain involves political consultation through people＇s consultative conferences. The ＂governing party--consultative conferences--people＇s congresses＂ link involves a process of obtaining legitimacy for the Party＇s views based on political consultations which are then translated into the national will by the system of people＇s congresses. The ＂people＇s congresses--the people＂ link involves the two-pronged logic of elections and governing the country according to law. The ＂governing party--the people＂ link is an illustration of the party＇s mass line, which essentially involves social consultation. Consultative democracy usually includes the political consultation in the ＂governing party---consultative conferences＂ link and the social consultation in the ＂governing party-- the people＂ link in the chain, both of which are connected through the system of people＇s congresses. This logically determines the inner relations between the Party＇s leadership, consultative democracy and the people＇s congress form of representative democracy and shapes the institutionalization of consultative democracy. That is, in the process of democratic decision-making, a circular system consisting of ＂political consultation-- legislative consultation--social consultation＂ is created to guide development of the actual system.
