To investigate the feasibility of detoxifying chromium slag by sewage sludge, synthetic chromium slag containing 3% of Cr（Ⅵ） was mixed with sewage sludge followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen gas for stabilizin...To investigate the feasibility of detoxifying chromium slag by sewage sludge, synthetic chromium slag containing 3% of Cr（Ⅵ） was mixed with sewage sludge followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen gas for stabilizing chromium. The effects of slag to sludge ratio （0.5, 1 and 2） and temperature （200, 300, 500, 700 and 900℃） on treatment efficiency were investigated. During the mixing process before thermal treatment, 59.8%-99.7% of Cr（Ⅵ） was reduced, but Cr could be easily leached from the reduction product. Increasing heating temperature and decreasing slag to sludge ratio strengthened the reduction and stabilization of Cr（Ⅵ）. When the slag to sludge ratio was 0.5 and thermal treatment temperature was 300℃, the total leached Cr and Cr（Ⅵ） declined to 0.55 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L respectively, and 45.5% of Cr in the thermally treated residue existed as residual fraction. A two-stage mechanism was proposed for the reduction and stabilization of Cr.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to give a worldwide overview of the concentrations of typical estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） in the effluent of sewage plants and then compare the concentra- tion dist...The purpose of this study was to give a worldwide overview of the concentrations of typical estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） in the effluent of sewage plants and then compare the concentra- tion distribution of the estrogenic EDCs in ten countries based on the survey data of the estrogenic EDCs research. The concentrations of three main categories （totally eight kinds） of estrogenic EDCs including steroidal estrogens （estrone （El）, estradiol （E2）, estriol （E3） and 17a- ethynylestradiol （EE2））, phenolic compounds （nonylphe- nol （NP） and bisphenol A （BPA）） and phthalate esters （dibutyl phthalate （DBP） and dibutyl phthalate （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）） in the effluents of sewage plants reported in major international journals over the past decade were collected. The statistics showed that the concentration distributions of eight kinds of EDCs were in the range of ng·L^-1 to μg·L^-1. The concentrations of steroidal estrogens mainly ranged within 50.00 ng. L-1, and the median concentrations of El, E2, E3 and EE2 were 11.00, 3.68, 4.90 and 1.00 ng·L^-1, respectively. Phenolic compounds and phthalate esters were found at pg. L-1 level （some individual values were at the high level of 40.00 μg·L^-1）. The median concentrations of BPA, NP, DBP and DEHP were 0.06, 0.55, 0.07 and 0.88 μg·L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in the effluents were higher than that of steroids estrogens. The analysis of the concentration in various ten countries showed that steroids estrogens, phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in sewage plant effluents were detected with high concentration in Canada, Spain and China, respectively.展开更多
文章研究了低浓度生活污水自由沉淀规律及其对厌氧发酵的影响,以高校低浓度生活污水为原料,通过测定不同取样口不同时间水样中悬浮物浓度的变化,根据斯托克斯原理计算不同取样口不同时间水样悬浮物沉淀率,以自由沉降的预处理方法分析低...文章研究了低浓度生活污水自由沉淀规律及其对厌氧发酵的影响,以高校低浓度生活污水为原料,通过测定不同取样口不同时间水样中悬浮物浓度的变化,根据斯托克斯原理计算不同取样口不同时间水样悬浮物沉淀率,以自由沉降的预处理方法分析低浓度生活污水的沉淀规律和不同沉降层的发酵规律。试验结果表明,随着时间增长,取样口1#处水样悬浮浓度随时间先增加后逐渐变小,其他取样口处水样悬浮物浓度随时间逐渐变小,取样口高度越高悬浮物浓度变化越快,150 min后均趋于稳定;不同高度取样口浓度随时间变化规律不同,取样口水平高度越高水样悬浮物浓度变化越快;同一取样口水样悬浮物沉淀率随时间逐渐变大,同一时间取样口越高的悬浮物沉淀率越大,150 min后沉淀效果最佳且趋于稳定,水样悬浮物沉淀率达到70%左右;厌氧发酵试验中,中层混合物和下层沉降物的发酵产气能力较强,最高产气量均可达到每天3000 m L,甲烷含量可以达到60%;上清液由于含水率大,有机物成分较少,产气能力较弱。展开更多
Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound ...Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound phosphine levels in freshwater and coastal sediment, as well as in sewage sludge, are significantly higher than that in paddy soil. The correlation between matrix bound phosphine concentrations and organic phosphorus contents in sediment samples is discussed.展开更多
Two 10%(v/v) different inocula, iron-oxidizing bacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, were used to investigate the bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge with 10-40 g/L sludge concentration in the batch exper...Two 10%(v/v) different inocula, iron-oxidizing bacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, were used to investigate the bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge with 10-40 g/L sludge concentration in the batch experiment. The results demonstrated that most of bioleaching rates of Zn and Cu achieved above 80% and 60%, respectively, after 12 d in the sludge with different concentrations and inocula. The lower the solid concentration, the higher the removal rate of heavy metals and the quicker the removal speed in sludge. The system with iron-oxidizing bacteria had faster startup speed and was influenced by solid concentration lightly, while in the system with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, the removal efficiency was affected by concentration seriously.展开更多
基金supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China(No. 2007AA061300)the International Cooperation Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 08230707000)
文摘To investigate the feasibility of detoxifying chromium slag by sewage sludge, synthetic chromium slag containing 3% of Cr（Ⅵ） was mixed with sewage sludge followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen gas for stabilizing chromium. The effects of slag to sludge ratio （0.5, 1 and 2） and temperature （200, 300, 500, 700 and 900℃） on treatment efficiency were investigated. During the mixing process before thermal treatment, 59.8%-99.7% of Cr（Ⅵ） was reduced, but Cr could be easily leached from the reduction product. Increasing heating temperature and decreasing slag to sludge ratio strengthened the reduction and stabilization of Cr（Ⅵ）. When the slag to sludge ratio was 0.5 and thermal treatment temperature was 300℃, the total leached Cr and Cr（Ⅵ） declined to 0.55 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L respectively, and 45.5% of Cr in the thermally treated residue existed as residual fraction. A two-stage mechanism was proposed for the reduction and stabilization of Cr.
基金Acknowledgements This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 51138006）, Ministry of Environ- mental Protection of China （No. 201109015） and Ministry of Science and Technology of China （No. 2010DFA92090）,
文摘The purpose of this study was to give a worldwide overview of the concentrations of typical estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals （EDCs） in the effluent of sewage plants and then compare the concentra- tion distribution of the estrogenic EDCs in ten countries based on the survey data of the estrogenic EDCs research. The concentrations of three main categories （totally eight kinds） of estrogenic EDCs including steroidal estrogens （estrone （El）, estradiol （E2）, estriol （E3） and 17a- ethynylestradiol （EE2））, phenolic compounds （nonylphe- nol （NP） and bisphenol A （BPA）） and phthalate esters （dibutyl phthalate （DBP） and dibutyl phthalate （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）） in the effluents of sewage plants reported in major international journals over the past decade were collected. The statistics showed that the concentration distributions of eight kinds of EDCs were in the range of ng·L^-1 to μg·L^-1. The concentrations of steroidal estrogens mainly ranged within 50.00 ng. L-1, and the median concentrations of El, E2, E3 and EE2 were 11.00, 3.68, 4.90 and 1.00 ng·L^-1, respectively. Phenolic compounds and phthalate esters were found at pg. L-1 level （some individual values were at the high level of 40.00 μg·L^-1）. The median concentrations of BPA, NP, DBP and DEHP were 0.06, 0.55, 0.07 and 0.88 μg·L^-1, respectively. The concentrations of phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in the effluents were higher than that of steroids estrogens. The analysis of the concentration in various ten countries showed that steroids estrogens, phenolic compounds and phthalate esters in sewage plant effluents were detected with high concentration in Canada, Spain and China, respectively.
文摘文章研究了低浓度生活污水自由沉淀规律及其对厌氧发酵的影响,以高校低浓度生活污水为原料,通过测定不同取样口不同时间水样中悬浮物浓度的变化,根据斯托克斯原理计算不同取样口不同时间水样悬浮物沉淀率,以自由沉降的预处理方法分析低浓度生活污水的沉淀规律和不同沉降层的发酵规律。试验结果表明,随着时间增长,取样口1#处水样悬浮浓度随时间先增加后逐渐变小,其他取样口处水样悬浮物浓度随时间逐渐变小,取样口高度越高悬浮物浓度变化越快,150 min后均趋于稳定;不同高度取样口浓度随时间变化规律不同,取样口水平高度越高水样悬浮物浓度变化越快;同一取样口水样悬浮物沉淀率随时间逐渐变大,同一时间取样口越高的悬浮物沉淀率越大,150 min后沉淀效果最佳且趋于稳定,水样悬浮物沉淀率达到70%左右;厌氧发酵试验中,中层混合物和下层沉降物的发酵产气能力较强,最高产气量均可达到每天3000 m L,甲烷含量可以达到60%;上清液由于含水率大,有机物成分较少,产气能力较弱。
文摘Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound phosphine levels in freshwater and coastal sediment, as well as in sewage sludge, are significantly higher than that in paddy soil. The correlation between matrix bound phosphine concentrations and organic phosphorus contents in sediment samples is discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.21567010,NO.31560168 and NO.31760136)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20161BAB204175)
文摘Two 10%(v/v) different inocula, iron-oxidizing bacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, were used to investigate the bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge with 10-40 g/L sludge concentration in the batch experiment. The results demonstrated that most of bioleaching rates of Zn and Cu achieved above 80% and 60%, respectively, after 12 d in the sludge with different concentrations and inocula. The lower the solid concentration, the higher the removal rate of heavy metals and the quicker the removal speed in sludge. The system with iron-oxidizing bacteria had faster startup speed and was influenced by solid concentration lightly, while in the system with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, the removal efficiency was affected by concentration seriously.
