The mass loss rate of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag system originated from ANF-6 was studied with CaF2, CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO content as variables. The method of quadratic regression orthogonal design was used for th...The mass loss rate of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag system originated from ANF-6 was studied with CaF2, CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO content as variables. The method of quadratic regression orthogonal design was used for the design and analysis of the experiment. The experimental results indicated that mass loss rate of slag can be increased by 6% with CaF2 changing from 50%to 65%. Mass loss increases with SiO2 , Al2O3 and MgO adding and decreases with CaO content increasing. Because of the reaction between oxide and fluoride in the slag pool, apparent mass loss of CaF2-Al2O3 CaO-SiO2 MgO slag system appears at melting point. This will cause obvious composition change of electroslag. In addition, the segregation occurs in the slag skin forming process. This is another reason causing the composition change of electroslag.展开更多
为促进酒糟生物质的酶解糖化,筛选适宜的预处理方法,以脱除木质素,提高综纤维素(纤维素和半纤维素之和)保留率为目标,研究比较了酸-超声波耦合(ultrasound-assisted acid pretreatment,UAAP)、液氨(pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ...为促进酒糟生物质的酶解糖化,筛选适宜的预处理方法,以脱除木质素,提高综纤维素(纤维素和半纤维素之和)保留率为目标,研究比较了酸-超声波耦合(ultrasound-assisted acid pretreatment,UAAP)、液氨(pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ammonia,PSAA)、碱性双氧水(alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment,AHPP)和酸性亚硫酸氢盐(bisulfite pretreatment,BP)4种预处理法对酒糟化学组分、结构特性和酶解得率的影响。结果表明,与其余3种方法相比,BP法处理后酒糟的纤维素和半纤维素保留率最高,分别为84.59%和84.87%,即综纤维素保留率为84.68%。与未处理酒糟(unpretreatment,UP)相比,4种方法预处理后酒糟的综纤维素酶解得率分别提高了49.12%(酸-超声波,UAAP)、55.48%(液氨,PASS)、92.79%(碱性双氧水,AHPP)和99.15%(酸性亚硫酸氢盐,BP),其中BP法对酒糟酶解糖化的促进作用最有效。扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)和X-衍射(X-ray differaction,XRD)结果显示,酒糟经不同方法预处理后表观结构发生了明显变化,木质纤维网络结构遭到破坏,表面呈现无规则或形状各异的膨松状态,沟壑明显,孔隙率增加,比表面积增大,有利于提高水解酶的可及性。化学组分和结构特性的变化说明酒糟的酶解得率与综纤维素的保留、木质素的去除、表面微观形貌变化以及纤维素结晶度等因素直接相关。总之,酸性亚硫酸氢盐(BP)法是适用于酒糟生物质糖化预处理的一种有效可行方法。展开更多
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50644040)
文摘The mass loss rate of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slag system originated from ANF-6 was studied with CaF2, CaO, Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO content as variables. The method of quadratic regression orthogonal design was used for the design and analysis of the experiment. The experimental results indicated that mass loss rate of slag can be increased by 6% with CaF2 changing from 50%to 65%. Mass loss increases with SiO2 , Al2O3 and MgO adding and decreases with CaO content increasing. Because of the reaction between oxide and fluoride in the slag pool, apparent mass loss of CaF2-Al2O3 CaO-SiO2 MgO slag system appears at melting point. This will cause obvious composition change of electroslag. In addition, the segregation occurs in the slag skin forming process. This is another reason causing the composition change of electroslag.
文摘为促进酒糟生物质的酶解糖化,筛选适宜的预处理方法,以脱除木质素,提高综纤维素(纤维素和半纤维素之和)保留率为目标,研究比较了酸-超声波耦合(ultrasound-assisted acid pretreatment,UAAP)、液氨(pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ammonia,PSAA)、碱性双氧水(alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment,AHPP)和酸性亚硫酸氢盐(bisulfite pretreatment,BP)4种预处理法对酒糟化学组分、结构特性和酶解得率的影响。结果表明,与其余3种方法相比,BP法处理后酒糟的纤维素和半纤维素保留率最高,分别为84.59%和84.87%,即综纤维素保留率为84.68%。与未处理酒糟(unpretreatment,UP)相比,4种方法预处理后酒糟的综纤维素酶解得率分别提高了49.12%(酸-超声波,UAAP)、55.48%(液氨,PASS)、92.79%(碱性双氧水,AHPP)和99.15%(酸性亚硫酸氢盐,BP),其中BP法对酒糟酶解糖化的促进作用最有效。扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)和X-衍射(X-ray differaction,XRD)结果显示,酒糟经不同方法预处理后表观结构发生了明显变化,木质纤维网络结构遭到破坏,表面呈现无规则或形状各异的膨松状态,沟壑明显,孔隙率增加,比表面积增大,有利于提高水解酶的可及性。化学组分和结构特性的变化说明酒糟的酶解得率与综纤维素的保留、木质素的去除、表面微观形貌变化以及纤维素结晶度等因素直接相关。总之,酸性亚硫酸氢盐(BP)法是适用于酒糟生物质糖化预处理的一种有效可行方法。
