Effects of Hall current on heat transfer and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow induced by a continuous surface in a parallel free stream of a second-order viscoelastic fluid are studied for uniform suction...Effects of Hall current on heat transfer and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow induced by a continuous surface in a parallel free stream of a second-order viscoelastic fluid are studied for uniform suction/injection by taking viscous dissipation into account. Complex nonsimilar solutions to the stream function and temperature are developed by means of an elegant technique, known as homotopy analysis method (HAM). Convergence of the solutions is ensured with the help of -curves. Graphical and tabular results for the effects of Hall current reveal that it has a significant influence on: complex velocity, complex temperature, magnitude of the shear stress at the surface, magnitude of the rate of heat transfer at the surface and on boundary layer thickness.展开更多
A moderate pressure/high temperature zonal metamorphic complex in the Tongulack Mountain Ridge, Altai, Russia, is described, and the applicability of the models of magmatic intrusion and fluid flow to explanation of i...A moderate pressure/high temperature zonal metamorphic complex in the Tongulack Mountain Ridge, Altai, Russia, is described, and the applicability of the models of magmatic intrusion and fluid flow to explanation of its origin discussed. The Precambrian complex was formed at 500–700°C and 3.0–5.5 kbars; it is a linear, 25–30 km wide, thermal anticline with a curved axis showing symmetric metamorphic zoning. The metamorphism was isochemical by its nature, as is corroborated by the chemical compositions of the rocks. Four zones can be recognized within the metamorphic complex: chloritic (on the peripheries), cordieritic, sillimanitic and staurolite-out (in the centre). The zones are separated by successive isograds: cordierite, staurolite-in or sillimanite and staurolite-out. It is argued that the origin of the metamorphic zoning can be explained best by a combined fluid-magmatic model; conductive heat flow from the intrusion predominated considerably over the fluid flux in heat transfer: the fluid flow rate was estimated as about 3 ? 10?9 g/cm2, ? s. The modern position of the axial region of the metamorphic belt is predicted to be lying roughly about 1.5 km above the roof of the intrusive body.展开更多
文摘Effects of Hall current on heat transfer and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow induced by a continuous surface in a parallel free stream of a second-order viscoelastic fluid are studied for uniform suction/injection by taking viscous dissipation into account. Complex nonsimilar solutions to the stream function and temperature are developed by means of an elegant technique, known as homotopy analysis method (HAM). Convergence of the solutions is ensured with the help of -curves. Graphical and tabular results for the effects of Hall current reveal that it has a significant influence on: complex velocity, complex temperature, magnitude of the shear stress at the surface, magnitude of the rate of heat transfer at the surface and on boundary layer thickness.
文摘A moderate pressure/high temperature zonal metamorphic complex in the Tongulack Mountain Ridge, Altai, Russia, is described, and the applicability of the models of magmatic intrusion and fluid flow to explanation of its origin discussed. The Precambrian complex was formed at 500–700°C and 3.0–5.5 kbars; it is a linear, 25–30 km wide, thermal anticline with a curved axis showing symmetric metamorphic zoning. The metamorphism was isochemical by its nature, as is corroborated by the chemical compositions of the rocks. Four zones can be recognized within the metamorphic complex: chloritic (on the peripheries), cordieritic, sillimanitic and staurolite-out (in the centre). The zones are separated by successive isograds: cordierite, staurolite-in or sillimanite and staurolite-out. It is argued that the origin of the metamorphic zoning can be explained best by a combined fluid-magmatic model; conductive heat flow from the intrusion predominated considerably over the fluid flux in heat transfer: the fluid flow rate was estimated as about 3 ? 10?9 g/cm2, ? s. The modern position of the axial region of the metamorphic belt is predicted to be lying roughly about 1.5 km above the roof of the intrusive body.
