在球形燃料元件中,包覆颗粒的填充因子低于10%,分布具有很大的随机性。本文利用MATLAB程序实现了4种填充的建模方式,即体积等效规则填充、扰动的规则填充、随机的规则填充和完全随机填充模拟燃料球中包覆颗粒的分布。基于固态燃料钍基...在球形燃料元件中,包覆颗粒的填充因子低于10%,分布具有很大的随机性。本文利用MATLAB程序实现了4种填充的建模方式,即体积等效规则填充、扰动的规则填充、随机的规则填充和完全随机填充模拟燃料球中包覆颗粒的分布。基于固态燃料钍基熔盐堆(Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor with Solid Fuel,TMSR-SF1)设计中选用的包覆颗粒燃料参数,使用蒙特卡罗程序MCNP6 1.0和ENDF/B VII.0数据库进行了全反射边界条件下的单燃料球临界计算,精确量化了不同的建模方式引起的中子物理特性参数的差异。计算表明,这4种建模方式形成了不同的包覆颗粒聚集程度。包覆颗粒的聚集会导致丹可夫效应的增强,从而增大了中子被燃料吸收的概率,无限增殖因数随之增大,燃料温度系数随之减小。展开更多
The success of high temperature gas cooled reactor depends upon the safety and quality of the coated particle fuel. The understanding and evaluation of this fuel requires the development of an integrated mechanistic f...The success of high temperature gas cooled reactor depends upon the safety and quality of the coated particle fuel. The understanding and evaluation of this fuel requires the development of an integrated mechanistic fuel performance model that fully describes the mechanical and physicochemical behavior of the fuel particle under irradiation. In this paper, a review of the analytical capability of some of the existing computer codes for coated particle fuel was performed. These existing models and codes include FZJ model, JAERI model, Stress3 model, ATLAS model, PARFUME model and TIMCOAT model. The theoretic model, methodology, calculation parameters and benchmark of these codes were classified. Based on the failure mechanism of coated particle, the advantage and limits of the models were compared and discussed. The calculated results of the coated particles for China HTR-10 by using some existing code are shown. Finally, problems and challenges in fuel performance modeling were listed.展开更多
The 10MW high temperature gas-cooled test reactor (HTR-10) under construction at INET uses whole ceramic fuel elements. The main barrier which prevents fission product release is the SiC layer of the coated fuel parti...The 10MW high temperature gas-cooled test reactor (HTR-10) under construction at INET uses whole ceramic fuel elements. The main barrier which prevents fission product release is the SiC layer of the coated fuel particles. Fabrication of high quality SiC layers is one of the key R&D tasks for the HTR-10 fuel element. The SiClayer was deposited on the fuel particles in a 50 mm conical fluidized bed using the CVD (chemical vapour deposition) technique. The density, thickness, strength and elastic modulus of the SiC layer were measured. The microstructure was observed using SEM (scanning electron microscope ). Parameters were established for manufacturing the SiC layer of the coated fuel particles to be used in the HTR-10. It was found that the traditional density measurement by the sink-float method is questionable in the low density region and that the SiC layer may be contaminated by uranium under certain conditions.展开更多
TRISO （Tri-structural iso-tropic）-coated particle fuel is being developed to support the development of a VHTR （very high temperature reactor） in Korea. From August 2013, the first irradiation testing of coated pa...TRISO （Tri-structural iso-tropic）-coated particle fuel is being developed to support the development of a VHTR （very high temperature reactor） in Korea. From August 2013, the first irradiation testing of coated particle fuel was begun to demonstrate and qualify TRISO fuel for use in the VHTR in HANARO （high-flux advanced neutron application reactor） at KAERI （Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute）. This experiment is currently undergoing under an atmosphere of a mixed inert gas without on-line temperature monitoring and control combined with on-line fission product monitoring of the sweep gas. The irradiation device contains two test rods, one contains nine fuel compacts and the other five compacts and eight graphite specimens. Each compact has 263 coated particles. After a peak bum-up of about 4% and a peak fast neutron fluence of about 1.7 × 1021 n/cm2, PIE （post irradiation examination） will be carried out at KAERI＇s irradiated material examination facility. This paper describes the characteristics of coated particle fuels, and the design of the test rod and irradiation device for the coated particle fuels, and discusses the technical results of irradiation testing at HANARO.展开更多
TRISO （tristructural-isotropic） fuel is a type of micro fuel particles used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors （HTGRs）. Among the quality evaluation methods for such particles, inqine phase contrast imaging t...TRISO （tristructural-isotropic） fuel is a type of micro fuel particles used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors （HTGRs）. Among the quality evaluation methods for such particles, inqine phase contrast imaging technique （PCI） is more feasible for nondestructive measurement. Due to imaging hardware limitations, high noise level is a distinct feature of PCI images, and as a result, the dimensional measurement accuracy of TRISO-coated fuel particles decreases. Therefore, we propose an improved denoising hybrid model named as NL P-M model which introduces non-local theory and retains the merits of the Perona-Malik （P-M） model. The improved model is applied to numerical simulation and practical PCI images. Quanti- tative analysis proves that this new anisotropic diffusion model can preserve edge or texture information effectively, while ruling out noise and distinctly decreasing staircasing artifacts. Especially during the process of coating layer thickness measurement, the NL P-M model makes it easy to obtain continuous contours without noisy points or fake contour segments, thus enhancing the measurement accuracy. To address calculation complexity, a graphic processing unit （GPU） is adopted to realize the acceleration of the NL P-M denoising.展开更多
文摘在球形燃料元件中,包覆颗粒的填充因子低于10%,分布具有很大的随机性。本文利用MATLAB程序实现了4种填充的建模方式,即体积等效规则填充、扰动的规则填充、随机的规则填充和完全随机填充模拟燃料球中包覆颗粒的分布。基于固态燃料钍基熔盐堆(Thorium-based Molten Salt Reactor with Solid Fuel,TMSR-SF1)设计中选用的包覆颗粒燃料参数,使用蒙特卡罗程序MCNP6 1.0和ENDF/B VII.0数据库进行了全反射边界条件下的单燃料球临界计算,精确量化了不同的建模方式引起的中子物理特性参数的差异。计算表明,这4种建模方式形成了不同的包覆颗粒聚集程度。包覆颗粒的聚集会导致丹可夫效应的增强,从而增大了中子被燃料吸收的概率,无限增殖因数随之增大,燃料温度系数随之减小。
文摘The success of high temperature gas cooled reactor depends upon the safety and quality of the coated particle fuel. The understanding and evaluation of this fuel requires the development of an integrated mechanistic fuel performance model that fully describes the mechanical and physicochemical behavior of the fuel particle under irradiation. In this paper, a review of the analytical capability of some of the existing computer codes for coated particle fuel was performed. These existing models and codes include FZJ model, JAERI model, Stress3 model, ATLAS model, PARFUME model and TIMCOAT model. The theoretic model, methodology, calculation parameters and benchmark of these codes were classified. Based on the failure mechanism of coated particle, the advantage and limits of the models were compared and discussed. The calculated results of the coated particles for China HTR-10 by using some existing code are shown. Finally, problems and challenges in fuel performance modeling were listed.
文摘The 10MW high temperature gas-cooled test reactor (HTR-10) under construction at INET uses whole ceramic fuel elements. The main barrier which prevents fission product release is the SiC layer of the coated fuel particles. Fabrication of high quality SiC layers is one of the key R&D tasks for the HTR-10 fuel element. The SiClayer was deposited on the fuel particles in a 50 mm conical fluidized bed using the CVD (chemical vapour deposition) technique. The density, thickness, strength and elastic modulus of the SiC layer were measured. The microstructure was observed using SEM (scanning electron microscope ). Parameters were established for manufacturing the SiC layer of the coated fuel particles to be used in the HTR-10. It was found that the traditional density measurement by the sink-float method is questionable in the low density region and that the SiC layer may be contaminated by uranium under certain conditions.
文摘TRISO （Tri-structural iso-tropic）-coated particle fuel is being developed to support the development of a VHTR （very high temperature reactor） in Korea. From August 2013, the first irradiation testing of coated particle fuel was begun to demonstrate and qualify TRISO fuel for use in the VHTR in HANARO （high-flux advanced neutron application reactor） at KAERI （Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute）. This experiment is currently undergoing under an atmosphere of a mixed inert gas without on-line temperature monitoring and control combined with on-line fission product monitoring of the sweep gas. The irradiation device contains two test rods, one contains nine fuel compacts and the other five compacts and eight graphite specimens. Each compact has 263 coated particles. After a peak bum-up of about 4% and a peak fast neutron fluence of about 1.7 × 1021 n/cm2, PIE （post irradiation examination） will be carried out at KAERI＇s irradiated material examination facility. This paper describes the characteristics of coated particle fuels, and the design of the test rod and irradiation device for the coated particle fuels, and discusses the technical results of irradiation testing at HANARO.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grants 11275019,21106158 and 61077011in part by the National State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems under Grant MPCS-2011-D-03+4 种基金in part by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China under Grant 2011 BAI02B02supported in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grantfunded by the Korean government(MEST)(No.2011-0020024)in part by the R&D program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Korean government Ministry of Knowledge Economy(No.20101020300730)the Defense Acquisition Program Administration and the Agency for Defense Development for the financial support provided by both institutions
文摘TRISO （tristructural-isotropic） fuel is a type of micro fuel particles used in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors （HTGRs）. Among the quality evaluation methods for such particles, inqine phase contrast imaging technique （PCI） is more feasible for nondestructive measurement. Due to imaging hardware limitations, high noise level is a distinct feature of PCI images, and as a result, the dimensional measurement accuracy of TRISO-coated fuel particles decreases. Therefore, we propose an improved denoising hybrid model named as NL P-M model which introduces non-local theory and retains the merits of the Perona-Malik （P-M） model. The improved model is applied to numerical simulation and practical PCI images. Quanti- tative analysis proves that this new anisotropic diffusion model can preserve edge or texture information effectively, while ruling out noise and distinctly decreasing staircasing artifacts. Especially during the process of coating layer thickness measurement, the NL P-M model makes it easy to obtain continuous contours without noisy points or fake contour segments, thus enhancing the measurement accuracy. To address calculation complexity, a graphic processing unit （GPU） is adopted to realize the acceleration of the NL P-M denoising.
