Forest is one of the most challenging environments to be recorded in a three-dimensional(3D)digitized geometrical representation,because of the size and the complexity of the environment and the data-acquisition const...Forest is one of the most challenging environments to be recorded in a three-dimensional(3D)digitized geometrical representation,because of the size and the complexity of the environment and the data-acquisition constraints brought by on-site conditions.Previous studies have indicated that the data-acquisition pattern can have more influence on the registration results than other factors.In practice,the ideal short-baseline observations,i.e.,the dense collection mode,is rarely feasible,considering the low accessibility in forest environments and the commonly limited labor and time resources.The wide-baseline observations that cover a forest site using a few folds less observations than short-baseline observations,are therefore more preferable and commonly applied.Nevertheless,the wide-baseline approach is more challenging for data registration since it typically lacks the required sufficient overlaps between datasets.Until now,a robust automated registration solution that is independent of special hardware requirements has still been missing.That is,the registration accuracy is still far from the required level,and the information extractable from the merged point cloud using automated registration could not match that from the merged point cloud using manual registration.This paper proposes a discrete overlap search(DOS)method to find correspondences in the point clouds to solve the low-overlap problem in the wide-baseline point clouds.The proposed automatic method uses potential correspondences from both original data and selected feature points to reconstruct rough observation geometries without external knowledge and to retrieve precise registration parameters at data-level.An extensive experiment was carried out with 24 forest datasets of different conditions categorized in three difficulty levels.The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using various accuracy criteria,as well as based on data acquired from different hardware,platforms,viewing perspectives,and at different points of time.The prop展开更多
Experimental study and numerical simulation were performed for the averaged flow field of two closely spaced opposed jets with hot wire anemometer(HWA)and CFD software and the simulation was compared with the measurem...Experimental study and numerical simulation were performed for the averaged flow field of two closely spaced opposed jets with hot wire anemometer(HWA)and CFD software and the simulation was compared with the measurement and approximate analytic solution in the literature.The results showed that the exit velocity profile of the single jet was top-hat distribution due to the presence of boundary layers.At L<2D(where L is nozzle separation and D is nozzle diameter),bimodal distribution of exit velocity profile,low in the middle and high on both sides,was present,while such bimodal distribution of exit velocity profile was absent at L=2D.With increasing nozzle separation,the stagnation point offset of the impinging plane increased.With the same velocity ratio,stagnation point offset of the nozzles with uniform profiles was larger than that with top-hat profiles.The approximate analytic solution of the flow field of two opposed jets in the literature was only valid for the nozzles with uniform exit velocity profiles and the prediction accuracy became worse for the nozzles with top-hat exit velocity profiles.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32171789,32211530031)Wuhan University(No.WHUZZJJ202220)Academy of Finland(Nos.334060,334829,331708,344755,337656,334830,293389/314312,334830,319011)。
文摘Forest is one of the most challenging environments to be recorded in a three-dimensional(3D)digitized geometrical representation,because of the size and the complexity of the environment and the data-acquisition constraints brought by on-site conditions.Previous studies have indicated that the data-acquisition pattern can have more influence on the registration results than other factors.In practice,the ideal short-baseline observations,i.e.,the dense collection mode,is rarely feasible,considering the low accessibility in forest environments and the commonly limited labor and time resources.The wide-baseline observations that cover a forest site using a few folds less observations than short-baseline observations,are therefore more preferable and commonly applied.Nevertheless,the wide-baseline approach is more challenging for data registration since it typically lacks the required sufficient overlaps between datasets.Until now,a robust automated registration solution that is independent of special hardware requirements has still been missing.That is,the registration accuracy is still far from the required level,and the information extractable from the merged point cloud using automated registration could not match that from the merged point cloud using manual registration.This paper proposes a discrete overlap search(DOS)method to find correspondences in the point clouds to solve the low-overlap problem in the wide-baseline point clouds.The proposed automatic method uses potential correspondences from both original data and selected feature points to reconstruct rough observation geometries without external knowledge and to retrieve precise registration parameters at data-level.An extensive experiment was carried out with 24 forest datasets of different conditions categorized in three difficulty levels.The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using various accuracy criteria,as well as based on data acquired from different hardware,platforms,viewing perspectives,and at different points of time.The prop
文摘Experimental study and numerical simulation were performed for the averaged flow field of two closely spaced opposed jets with hot wire anemometer(HWA)and CFD software and the simulation was compared with the measurement and approximate analytic solution in the literature.The results showed that the exit velocity profile of the single jet was top-hat distribution due to the presence of boundary layers.At L<2D(where L is nozzle separation and D is nozzle diameter),bimodal distribution of exit velocity profile,low in the middle and high on both sides,was present,while such bimodal distribution of exit velocity profile was absent at L=2D.With increasing nozzle separation,the stagnation point offset of the impinging plane increased.With the same velocity ratio,stagnation point offset of the nozzles with uniform profiles was larger than that with top-hat profiles.The approximate analytic solution of the flow field of two opposed jets in the literature was only valid for the nozzles with uniform exit velocity profiles and the prediction accuracy became worse for the nozzles with top-hat exit velocity profiles.
