Species in genus Nannochloropsis,especially N.oceanica and N.gaditana,have been evolving as the model microalgae for both application and theory studies.The position effect of genome integration,the carrying capabilit...Species in genus Nannochloropsis,especially N.oceanica and N.gaditana,have been evolving as the model microalgae for both application and theory studies.The position effect of genome integration,the carrying capability limitation of integrative vectors and the instability of non-integrative vectors have hindered Nannochloropsis genetic modification with concatenate genes and extremely long DNA fragments.The molecular tools including genetic transformation,homologous recombination,gene edition,gene stacking and episome vectors for transient gene expression and diverse reporters and selection markers have been rapidly developing in Nannochloropsis species.The construction of animal and plant artificial chromosomes with“top down”strategy has set fine examples for the construction of Nannochloropsis artificial chromosomes(NannoACs).It seems that the methods and materials to set the foundation for constructing NannoACs are at hands.In this review,we outlined the current status of transgenes in Nannochloropsis species,summarized the limitations of both integrative and non-integrative vectors,and proposed a tentative approach to construct NannoACs by doubling and stabilizing the genome first,and then truncating the natural chromosomes.NannoACs once constructed will facilitate transferring the desired traits and concatenate genes into Nannochloropsis genetic backgrounds,thus contributing towards its genetic improvement and synthetic biological studies.展开更多
Sperms from Pink salmon were subjected to incomplete irradiation by γ-ray to cause partial breakageof their chromosome. Normal eggs from masu salmon were fertilized by these damaged sperms andput under hydrostatic pr...Sperms from Pink salmon were subjected to incomplete irradiation by γ-ray to cause partial breakageof their chromosome. Normal eggs from masu salmon were fertilized by these damaged sperms andput under hydrostatic pressure to suppress the release of second polar bodies. The resultant eggscontained complete sets of genome from masu salmon and some chromosomes and chromosomefragments from pink salmon. Karyotype and isozyme of the embryos were analyzed. The resultsdemonstrate that the chromosomes from pink salmon showed genetic activities. Variations in hatchedindividuals were observed.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFD0901506,2018YFD0900305)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018 SDKJ0406-3)。
文摘Species in genus Nannochloropsis,especially N.oceanica and N.gaditana,have been evolving as the model microalgae for both application and theory studies.The position effect of genome integration,the carrying capability limitation of integrative vectors and the instability of non-integrative vectors have hindered Nannochloropsis genetic modification with concatenate genes and extremely long DNA fragments.The molecular tools including genetic transformation,homologous recombination,gene edition,gene stacking and episome vectors for transient gene expression and diverse reporters and selection markers have been rapidly developing in Nannochloropsis species.The construction of animal and plant artificial chromosomes with“top down”strategy has set fine examples for the construction of Nannochloropsis artificial chromosomes(NannoACs).It seems that the methods and materials to set the foundation for constructing NannoACs are at hands.In this review,we outlined the current status of transgenes in Nannochloropsis species,summarized the limitations of both integrative and non-integrative vectors,and proposed a tentative approach to construct NannoACs by doubling and stabilizing the genome first,and then truncating the natural chromosomes.NannoACs once constructed will facilitate transferring the desired traits and concatenate genes into Nannochloropsis genetic backgrounds,thus contributing towards its genetic improvement and synthetic biological studies.
文摘Sperms from Pink salmon were subjected to incomplete irradiation by γ-ray to cause partial breakageof their chromosome. Normal eggs from masu salmon were fertilized by these damaged sperms andput under hydrostatic pressure to suppress the release of second polar bodies. The resultant eggscontained complete sets of genome from masu salmon and some chromosomes and chromosomefragments from pink salmon. Karyotype and isozyme of the embryos were analyzed. The resultsdemonstrate that the chromosomes from pink salmon showed genetic activities. Variations in hatchedindividuals were observed.
文摘目的探讨染色体多态性对于体外受精一胚胎移植（in vitro fertilization embryo transfer,IVF-ET）患者临床结局的影响。方法回顾首次进行IVF-ET患者的临床资料，共4977个周期，其中200个周期夫妻一方或双方存在染色体多态性，4777个周期夫妻双方染色体均正常。结果染色体多态性组正常受精率（60．94％vs．64．08％，P=0．001）、卵裂率（95．01％ vs. 5．97．09％，P=0．000）和优胚率（53．8％ vs. 58．2％，P=0．001）均显著低于染色体正常组，差异有统计学意义，而种植率（28．9％ vs. 21．4％，P=0．981）、生化妊娠率（7．9％ vs.5．6．8％，p=0．667）、临床妊娠率（44．50％ vs.39．85％，P=0．750）、早期流产率（15．73％ vs.135．10．79％，P=0．163），每移植周期活产率（34．5％ vs.30．73％，P=0．437）等差异则无统计学意义。结论染色体多态性对IVF-ET患者的临床结局无明显的影响。
