Protoplast electrofusion between callus protoplasts of cultivar TMS60444 and mesophyll protoplasts of cultivar SC8 was performed as an approach for the genetic improvement of cassava.The fusion products were subsequen...Protoplast electrofusion between callus protoplasts of cultivar TMS60444 and mesophyll protoplasts of cultivar SC8 was performed as an approach for the genetic improvement of cassava.The fusion products were subsequently cultured in protoplast culture medium(TM2 G) with gradual dilution for approximately 1-2 months.Then the protoplast-derived compact calli were transferred to suspension culture medium(SH) for suspension culture.The cultured products developed successively into embryos,mature embryos,and shoots on somatic embryo emerging medium(MSN),embryo maturation medium(CMM),and shoot elongation medium(CEM),respectively.And the shoots were then rooted on Murashige and Skoog(1962) medium(MS).Sixty-six cell lines were obtained and 12 of them developed into plantlets.Based on assessment of ploidy level and chromosome counting,four of these plantlets were tetraploid and the remaining eight were diploid.Based on assessment of ploidy level and simple sequence repeat(SSR) analysis,nine tetraploid cell lines,one diploid variant plant line and nine variant cell lines were obtained.The diploid variant plant line and the nine variant cell lines all showed partial loss of genetic material compared to that of the parent TMS60444,based on SSR patterns.These results showed that some new germplasm of cassava were created.In this study,a protocol for protoplast electrofusion was developed and validated.Another important conclusion from this work is the confirmation of a viable protocol for the regeneration of plants from cassava protoplasts.Going forward,we hope to provide technical guidance for cassava tissue culture,and also provide some useful inspiration and reference for further genetic improvement of cassava.展开更多
水韭属(Iso?tes)是一类世界广布的石松类植物,本文报道了在云南省发现的一个新的水韭属居群。该居群为六倍体群体,染色体数目为66条。利用扫描电镜对其进行孢子观察,发现其大孢子赤道面直径为470~500μm(平均480μm),近极面和远极面纹...水韭属(Iso?tes)是一类世界广布的石松类植物,本文报道了在云南省发现的一个新的水韭属居群。该居群为六倍体群体,染色体数目为66条。利用扫描电镜对其进行孢子观察,发现其大孢子赤道面直径为470~500μm(平均480μm),近极面和远极面纹饰均为网格状,小孢子表面为棘刺状纹饰,与之前国内记载的六倍体物种东方水韭(Isoetes orientalis Hong Liu&Q. F. Wang)不同,基于叶绿体基因组数据重建的系统发育结构支持该物种是一个独立物种,最终将其确定为一个新物种,命名为青锋水韭(I. fengii Y. F. Gu&Y. H. Yan)。青锋水韭与二倍体云贵水韭(I. yunguiensis Q. F. Wang&W. C. Taylor)在叶和大孢子形态上较为相似,但后者的小孢子表面为瘤状突起且孢子囊为卵形;而与六倍体宽叶水韭(I. japonica A. Braun)的区别在于后者的小孢子表面光滑。青锋水韭目前仅在云南省紫溪山森林公园发现两个居群,且数目很少,根据IUCN红色名录评估标准,将青锋水韭评为极危(CR)等级。本文编制了中国已知水韭属物种的分种检索表,以期为本属物种的鉴定和保护工作提供参考。展开更多
[ Objectives] This study was conducted to provide high-quality polyploid for returning the grain plots to forestry and promote the rapid development of Lonicera edulis Turcz. [ Methods] With superior individuals of wi...[ Objectives] This study was conducted to provide high-quality polyploid for returning the grain plots to forestry and promote the rapid development of Lonicera edulis Turcz. [ Methods] With superior individuals of wild L. edulis in Changbai Mountains as experimental materials and colchicine as inducer, polyploid induction was performed twice on diploid plants by addition method, and 7 polyploidy plants were identified from 11 regenerated plantlets. [Results] Among the 7 polyploidy plants, four materials were tetraploid, the concentration and treatment time of which were 300 mg/L and 7 and 14 d, respectively; and three materials were octaploid, the concentrations and treatment time of which were 300 and 500 mg/L and 14 d, respectively. [ Conclusions] The results of this study showed that colchicine had a higher polyploid induction rate for L. edulis with lower toxic and side effects, and the polyploidy plants could restore to normal growth state after several times of cubculture. Therefore, colchicine is an polyploid inducer suitable for L. edulis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31401438)the Innovation Research Team of the Ministry of Education of China(IRT_17R45)+1 种基金the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11-GXLJ)the Guangxi Scientific and Technological Development Subject,China(AB16380080 and AB16380163)
文摘Protoplast electrofusion between callus protoplasts of cultivar TMS60444 and mesophyll protoplasts of cultivar SC8 was performed as an approach for the genetic improvement of cassava.The fusion products were subsequently cultured in protoplast culture medium(TM2 G) with gradual dilution for approximately 1-2 months.Then the protoplast-derived compact calli were transferred to suspension culture medium(SH) for suspension culture.The cultured products developed successively into embryos,mature embryos,and shoots on somatic embryo emerging medium(MSN),embryo maturation medium(CMM),and shoot elongation medium(CEM),respectively.And the shoots were then rooted on Murashige and Skoog(1962) medium(MS).Sixty-six cell lines were obtained and 12 of them developed into plantlets.Based on assessment of ploidy level and chromosome counting,four of these plantlets were tetraploid and the remaining eight were diploid.Based on assessment of ploidy level and simple sequence repeat(SSR) analysis,nine tetraploid cell lines,one diploid variant plant line and nine variant cell lines were obtained.The diploid variant plant line and the nine variant cell lines all showed partial loss of genetic material compared to that of the parent TMS60444,based on SSR patterns.These results showed that some new germplasm of cassava were created.In this study,a protocol for protoplast electrofusion was developed and validated.Another important conclusion from this work is the confirmation of a viable protocol for the regeneration of plants from cassava protoplasts.Going forward,we hope to provide technical guidance for cassava tissue culture,and also provide some useful inspiration and reference for further genetic improvement of cassava.
文摘水韭属(Iso?tes)是一类世界广布的石松类植物,本文报道了在云南省发现的一个新的水韭属居群。该居群为六倍体群体,染色体数目为66条。利用扫描电镜对其进行孢子观察,发现其大孢子赤道面直径为470~500μm(平均480μm),近极面和远极面纹饰均为网格状,小孢子表面为棘刺状纹饰,与之前国内记载的六倍体物种东方水韭(Isoetes orientalis Hong Liu&Q. F. Wang)不同,基于叶绿体基因组数据重建的系统发育结构支持该物种是一个独立物种,最终将其确定为一个新物种,命名为青锋水韭(I. fengii Y. F. Gu&Y. H. Yan)。青锋水韭与二倍体云贵水韭(I. yunguiensis Q. F. Wang&W. C. Taylor)在叶和大孢子形态上较为相似,但后者的小孢子表面为瘤状突起且孢子囊为卵形;而与六倍体宽叶水韭(I. japonica A. Braun)的区别在于后者的小孢子表面光滑。青锋水韭目前仅在云南省紫溪山森林公园发现两个居群,且数目很少,根据IUCN红色名录评估标准,将青锋水韭评为极危(CR)等级。本文编制了中国已知水韭属物种的分种检索表,以期为本属物种的鉴定和保护工作提供参考。
基金Supported by The Cooperative Project between the Yanbian University,ChinaNational Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science of the Rural Development Administration(RDA)of the Republic of Korea
文摘[ Objectives] This study was conducted to provide high-quality polyploid for returning the grain plots to forestry and promote the rapid development of Lonicera edulis Turcz. [ Methods] With superior individuals of wild L. edulis in Changbai Mountains as experimental materials and colchicine as inducer, polyploid induction was performed twice on diploid plants by addition method, and 7 polyploidy plants were identified from 11 regenerated plantlets. [Results] Among the 7 polyploidy plants, four materials were tetraploid, the concentration and treatment time of which were 300 mg/L and 7 and 14 d, respectively; and three materials were octaploid, the concentrations and treatment time of which were 300 and 500 mg/L and 14 d, respectively. [ Conclusions] The results of this study showed that colchicine had a higher polyploid induction rate for L. edulis with lower toxic and side effects, and the polyploidy plants could restore to normal growth state after several times of cubculture. Therefore, colchicine is an polyploid inducer suitable for L. edulis.
