Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) belong to a kind of important structural proteins of plant cell walls. The expression of GRP genes is regulated spatially and developmentally as well as by various environmental stresses, ...Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) belong to a kind of important structural proteins of plant cell walls. The expression of GRP genes is regulated spatially and developmentally as well as by various environmental stresses, thus providing a good model for the study of plant gene expres-sion. We obtained the genomic sequence of a new GRP gene (Osgrp-2) from a rice genomic li-brary. The transcription start site of Osgrp-2 was determined by 5’-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and a 2.4-kb promoter sequence was thus delimited. The spatial and developmental expression pattern as well as the wound-inducible character of Osgrp-2 in rice plants was ana-lyzed in detail. Furthermore, the gene was mapped onto rice chromosome 10 by analysis of re-striction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).展开更多
The improved tetraploids (G1×AT) were obtained by distant crossing and gynogenesis and the high-body individuals accounted for 2% among G1×AT. After mating with each other, the high-body in- dividuals produc...The improved tetraploids (G1×AT) were obtained by distant crossing and gynogenesis and the high-body individuals accounted for 2% among G1×AT. After mating with each other, the high-body in- dividuals produced three kinds of bisexual fertile diploid fishes: high-body red crucian carp, high-body fork-like-tails goldfish and gray common carp. The high-body red crucian carp mating with each other formed three types of improved crucian carp (ICC) including improved red crucian carp (IRCC), im- proved color crucian carp (ICCC) and improved gray crucian carp (IGCC). The phenotypes, chromo- some numbers, gonadal structure and fertility of the three kinds of ICC and their offspring were observed. All the three kinds of ICC possessed some improved phenotypes such as higher body, smaller head and shorter tail. The ratios of the body height to body length of IRCC, ICCC and IGCC were 0.54, 0.51 and 0.54, respectively. All of them were obviously higher than that of red crucian carp 0.41 (P<0.01). Three kinds of ICC had the same chromosome number as red crucian carp with 100 chromosomes. All the ICC possessed normal gonads producing mature eggs or sperm, which was important for the production of an improved diploid population. Compared with red crucian carp, all the ICC had stronger fertility such as higher gametes production, higher fertilization rate and higher hatchery rate. Three types of improved diploid fish population were generated from the three kinds of ICC by self-crossing, respectively. The ICC can serve as ornamental fish and edible fish. They are also ideal parents to produce triploids by mating with tetraploids. The new ICC plays an important role in biological evolution and fish genetic breeding.展开更多
【目的】针对花生染色体较小,染色体细胞学标记少,细胞遗传研究相对滞后,染色体分类识别困难的问题,建立能够准确区分栽培花生(Arachis hypogaea L.,2n=4x=40,AABB)A、B染色体组的新核型,提高染色体识别准确率,以揭示栽培花生和野生供...【目的】针对花生染色体较小,染色体细胞学标记少,细胞遗传研究相对滞后,染色体分类识别困难的问题,建立能够准确区分栽培花生(Arachis hypogaea L.,2n=4x=40,AABB)A、B染色体组的新核型,提高染色体识别准确率,以揭示栽培花生和野生供体亲本的染色体对应关系,鉴定栽培种花生染色体结构变异体。【方法】以花生栽培种(Arachis hypogaea L.,2n=4x=40,AABB)的2个可能供体亲本即花生野生种Arachis duranensis(2n=2x=20,BB)和Arachis ipa?nsis(2n=2x=20,AA)全基因组DNA及5S r DNA和45S r DNA为探针,利用顺序基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH)和多色荧光原位杂交(Mc FISH)技术(简称顺序GISH-FISH)结合DAPI染色,在准确区分花生栽培种A、B染色体组的基础上,对花生栽培品种Z5163及其供体亲本染色体进行分析,建立花生栽培种新核型,并利用该核型对其他栽培品种的染色体进行分析,以探讨该核型的应用潜力和栽培花生染色体组成特点。【结果】以A.ipa?nsis和A.duranensis全基因组DNA为探针的GISH分析表明,以A.ipa?nsis为探针在花生栽培种20条B组染色体上能够产生清晰稳定的杂交信号,在A组染色体上没有信号,而以A.duranensis为探针,只在18条A组染色体能产生信号,但1对A组的小染色体"A染色体"不易被区分,因此,以A.ipa?nsis为探针可以准确区分花生栽培种A、B染色体组;综合5S r DNA和45S r DNA Mc-FISH和DAPI染色分析,发现花生栽培种A、B染色体组DAPI带纹、5S r DNA和45S r DNA的分布分别与A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis一致,此结果支持A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis是花生栽培种的供体亲本。DAPI染色结果显示,A.ipa?nsis及花生栽培种的B组染色体均有14条染色体显示着丝粒带纹,明显多于前人报道,表明仅利用DAPI染色来区分花生栽培种A、B组染色体的方法具有局限性。综合DAPI染色、r DNA、A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis基因组探针进行顺序GISH-FISH分析,建立了可以准确识别花生�展开更多
文摘Glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) belong to a kind of important structural proteins of plant cell walls. The expression of GRP genes is regulated spatially and developmentally as well as by various environmental stresses, thus providing a good model for the study of plant gene expres-sion. We obtained the genomic sequence of a new GRP gene (Osgrp-2) from a rice genomic li-brary. The transcription start site of Osgrp-2 was determined by 5’-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and a 2.4-kb promoter sequence was thus delimited. The spatial and developmental expression pattern as well as the wound-inducible character of Osgrp-2 in rice plants was ana-lyzed in detail. Furthermore, the gene was mapped onto rice chromosome 10 by analysis of re-striction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
基金the National Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 30725028)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30330480 and 30571444)+4 种基金National Basic Research Program (Grant No. 2007CB- 109206)Doctoral Station of University of the Education Ministry of China (Grant No. 200405422001)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No. IRT0445)Agriculture Technological Production Foundation of the Science and Technology Ministry of China (Grant No. 2005380)Important Solution Project of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2006NK2008)
文摘The improved tetraploids (G1×AT) were obtained by distant crossing and gynogenesis and the high-body individuals accounted for 2% among G1×AT. After mating with each other, the high-body in- dividuals produced three kinds of bisexual fertile diploid fishes: high-body red crucian carp, high-body fork-like-tails goldfish and gray common carp. The high-body red crucian carp mating with each other formed three types of improved crucian carp (ICC) including improved red crucian carp (IRCC), im- proved color crucian carp (ICCC) and improved gray crucian carp (IGCC). The phenotypes, chromo- some numbers, gonadal structure and fertility of the three kinds of ICC and their offspring were observed. All the three kinds of ICC possessed some improved phenotypes such as higher body, smaller head and shorter tail. The ratios of the body height to body length of IRCC, ICCC and IGCC were 0.54, 0.51 and 0.54, respectively. All of them were obviously higher than that of red crucian carp 0.41 (P<0.01). Three kinds of ICC had the same chromosome number as red crucian carp with 100 chromosomes. All the ICC possessed normal gonads producing mature eggs or sperm, which was important for the production of an improved diploid population. Compared with red crucian carp, all the ICC had stronger fertility such as higher gametes production, higher fertilization rate and higher hatchery rate. Three types of improved diploid fish population were generated from the three kinds of ICC by self-crossing, respectively. The ICC can serve as ornamental fish and edible fish. They are also ideal parents to produce triploids by mating with tetraploids. The new ICC plays an important role in biological evolution and fish genetic breeding.
文摘【目的】针对花生染色体较小,染色体细胞学标记少,细胞遗传研究相对滞后,染色体分类识别困难的问题,建立能够准确区分栽培花生(Arachis hypogaea L.,2n=4x=40,AABB)A、B染色体组的新核型,提高染色体识别准确率,以揭示栽培花生和野生供体亲本的染色体对应关系,鉴定栽培种花生染色体结构变异体。【方法】以花生栽培种(Arachis hypogaea L.,2n=4x=40,AABB)的2个可能供体亲本即花生野生种Arachis duranensis(2n=2x=20,BB)和Arachis ipa?nsis(2n=2x=20,AA)全基因组DNA及5S r DNA和45S r DNA为探针,利用顺序基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH)和多色荧光原位杂交(Mc FISH)技术(简称顺序GISH-FISH)结合DAPI染色,在准确区分花生栽培种A、B染色体组的基础上,对花生栽培品种Z5163及其供体亲本染色体进行分析,建立花生栽培种新核型,并利用该核型对其他栽培品种的染色体进行分析,以探讨该核型的应用潜力和栽培花生染色体组成特点。【结果】以A.ipa?nsis和A.duranensis全基因组DNA为探针的GISH分析表明,以A.ipa?nsis为探针在花生栽培种20条B组染色体上能够产生清晰稳定的杂交信号,在A组染色体上没有信号,而以A.duranensis为探针,只在18条A组染色体能产生信号,但1对A组的小染色体"A染色体"不易被区分,因此,以A.ipa?nsis为探针可以准确区分花生栽培种A、B染色体组;综合5S r DNA和45S r DNA Mc-FISH和DAPI染色分析,发现花生栽培种A、B染色体组DAPI带纹、5S r DNA和45S r DNA的分布分别与A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis一致,此结果支持A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis是花生栽培种的供体亲本。DAPI染色结果显示,A.ipa?nsis及花生栽培种的B组染色体均有14条染色体显示着丝粒带纹,明显多于前人报道,表明仅利用DAPI染色来区分花生栽培种A、B组染色体的方法具有局限性。综合DAPI染色、r DNA、A.duranensis和A.ipa?nsis基因组探针进行顺序GISH-FISH分析,建立了可以准确识别花生�
