The local coordination environment of catalysts has been investigated ftor an extended period to obtain enhanced catalytic performance.Especially with the advancement of single-atom catalysts(SACs),research on the coo...The local coordination environment of catalysts has been investigated ftor an extended period to obtain enhanced catalytic performance.Especially with the advancement of single-atom catalysts(SACs),research on the coordination environment has been advanced to the atomic level.The surrounding coordination atoms of central metal atoms play important roles in their catalytic activity,selectivity and stability.In recent years,remarkable improvements of the catalytic performance of SACs have been achieved by the tailoring of coordination atoms,coordination numbers and second-or higher-coordination shells,which provided new opportunities for the further development of SACs.In this review,the characterization of coordination environment,tailoring of the local coordination environment,and their related adjustable catalytic performance will be discussed.We hope this review will provide new insights on further research of SACs.展开更多
Today,Pt/C catalysts are widely used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).The practical applications of PEMFCs still face many limitations in the preparation of advanced Pt‐based catalysts,including high co...Today,Pt/C catalysts are widely used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).The practical applications of PEMFCs still face many limitations in the preparation of advanced Pt‐based catalysts,including high cost,limited life‐time,and insufficient power density.A kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is primarily responsible for these issues.The development of advanced Pt‐based catalysts is crucial for solving these pro-blems when the large‐scale application of PEMFCs is to be realized.Herein,we demonstrate the design principle of advanced Pt‐based catalysts with an emphasis on theoretical understandings to practical applications.Generally,three main strategies(including strain effect,electronic effect,and ensemble effect)that governing the initial activity of Pt‐based electrocatalysts are ela-borated in detail in this review.Recent advanced Pt‐based ORR catalysts are summarized and we present representative achievements to further reveal the relationship of excellent ORR performance based on theoretical mechanisms.Then we focus on the preparation standards of membrane electrode assembles and testing protocols in practice.Finally,we predict the remaining challenges and present our perspectives with regards to design strategies for improving ORR performance of Pt‐based catalysts in the future.展开更多
Noble metal-based high-entropy alloy nanoparticles(NM-HEA NPs) have exhibited brilliant catalytic performance toward electrocatalytic energy conversion and attracted increasing attention. The near-equimolar mixed elem...Noble metal-based high-entropy alloy nanoparticles(NM-HEA NPs) have exhibited brilliant catalytic performance toward electrocatalytic energy conversion and attracted increasing attention. The near-equimolar mixed elements of NM-HEA NPs may result in the unique properties including cocktail effect, high entropy effect and lattice distortion effect, which are beneficial for improving the catalytic performance and reducing the amount of noble metal. Herein, several advanced NM-HEA NPs as electrocatalysts for energy conversion are systematically summarized. The preparation methods of NM-HEA NPs are evaluated as well as the catalytic properties and mechanism are discussed classified by electrocatalytic reactions. Finally,the challenges and prospects in this field are carefully discussed. This review provides an overview on recent advances of NM-HEA electrocatalysts for energy conversion and draws more attention in this infant research field.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0702003 and 2016YFA0202801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51631001,51872030,21890383,21671117,21871159,21901135,51702016,and 51501010)+1 种基金Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young ScholarsBeijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z191100007219003).
文摘The local coordination environment of catalysts has been investigated ftor an extended period to obtain enhanced catalytic performance.Especially with the advancement of single-atom catalysts(SACs),research on the coordination environment has been advanced to the atomic level.The surrounding coordination atoms of central metal atoms play important roles in their catalytic activity,selectivity and stability.In recent years,remarkable improvements of the catalytic performance of SACs have been achieved by the tailoring of coordination atoms,coordination numbers and second-or higher-coordination shells,which provided new opportunities for the further development of SACs.In this review,the characterization of coordination environment,tailoring of the local coordination environment,and their related adjustable catalytic performance will be discussed.We hope this review will provide new insights on further research of SACs.
基金NSFC,Grant/Award Numbers:21871159,21890383National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2018YFA0702003,2016YFA0202801+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21890383,21671117,21871159Science and Technology Key Project of Guangdong Province of China,Grant/Award Number:2020B010188002Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,Grant/Award Number:Z191100007219003。
文摘Today,Pt/C catalysts are widely used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).The practical applications of PEMFCs still face many limitations in the preparation of advanced Pt‐based catalysts,including high cost,limited life‐time,and insufficient power density.A kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is primarily responsible for these issues.The development of advanced Pt‐based catalysts is crucial for solving these pro-blems when the large‐scale application of PEMFCs is to be realized.Herein,we demonstrate the design principle of advanced Pt‐based catalysts with an emphasis on theoretical understandings to practical applications.Generally,three main strategies(including strain effect,electronic effect,and ensemble effect)that governing the initial activity of Pt‐based electrocatalysts are ela-borated in detail in this review.Recent advanced Pt‐based ORR catalysts are summarized and we present representative achievements to further reveal the relationship of excellent ORR performance based on theoretical mechanisms.Then we focus on the preparation standards of membrane electrode assembles and testing protocols in practice.Finally,we predict the remaining challenges and present our perspectives with regards to design strategies for improving ORR performance of Pt‐based catalysts in the future.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21706074 and 21972038)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.2023000410209)+1 种基金the Key Research and Promotion Project of Henan Province(Nos.202102210261 and 202102310267)the Top-notch Personnel Fund of Henan Agricultural University(No.30500682)。
文摘Noble metal-based high-entropy alloy nanoparticles(NM-HEA NPs) have exhibited brilliant catalytic performance toward electrocatalytic energy conversion and attracted increasing attention. The near-equimolar mixed elements of NM-HEA NPs may result in the unique properties including cocktail effect, high entropy effect and lattice distortion effect, which are beneficial for improving the catalytic performance and reducing the amount of noble metal. Herein, several advanced NM-HEA NPs as electrocatalysts for energy conversion are systematically summarized. The preparation methods of NM-HEA NPs are evaluated as well as the catalytic properties and mechanism are discussed classified by electrocatalytic reactions. Finally,the challenges and prospects in this field are carefully discussed. This review provides an overview on recent advances of NM-HEA electrocatalysts for energy conversion and draws more attention in this infant research field.
