采用2次注入菌液方式,制备不同浓度营养盐处理的微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)胶结砂样。通过固结排水三轴试验和碳酸钙定量化学试验测定试样强度参数及碳酸钙(CaCO_3)含量,分析了营养盐浓度对胶结砂物理力学特性的影响及碳酸钙沉淀量试...采用2次注入菌液方式,制备不同浓度营养盐处理的微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)胶结砂样。通过固结排水三轴试验和碳酸钙定量化学试验测定试样强度参数及碳酸钙(CaCO_3)含量,分析了营养盐浓度对胶结砂物理力学特性的影响及碳酸钙沉淀量试样强度指标间的关系。结果表明,同等反应时间、同等体积营养盐溶液条件下,随着营养盐浓度的提高试样强度逐渐升高,且达到一定峰值后再下降;碳酸钙晶体分布形态较好条件下,变形模量随着试样干密度的增加而增加;碳酸钙晶体分布形态和沉淀含量共同影响MICP试样强度的提高,试验中0.5 M试样强度提高效果最好,碳酸钙含量、黏聚力、内摩擦角分别为6.03%、46.9 k Pa和41.31°。展开更多
Thermodynamic simulation was conducted to design a new process of stepwise precipitating NH_(4)VO_(3)and NaHCO_(3)from regulating the CO_(2)carbonation of Na_(3)VO_(4)solution.Firstly,a new V(V)speciation model for th...Thermodynamic simulation was conducted to design a new process of stepwise precipitating NH_(4)VO_(3)and NaHCO_(3)from regulating the CO_(2)carbonation of Na_(3)VO_(4)solution.Firstly,a new V(V)speciation model for the aqueous solution containing vanadate and carbonate is established by using the Bromley-Zemaitis activity coefficient model.Subsequently,thermodynamic equilibrium calculations are conducted to clarify the behavior of vanadium,carbon,sodium,and impurity species in atmospheric or high-pressure carbonation.To ensure the purity and recovery of vanadium products,Na_(3)VO_(4)solution is initially carbonated to the pH of 9.3-9.4,followed by precipitating NH_(4)VO_(3)by adding(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3).After vanadium precipitation,the solution is deeply carbonated to the final pH of 7.3-7.5 to precipitate NaHCO_(3),and the remaining solution is recycled to dissolve Na_(3)VO_(4)crystals.Finally,verification experiments demonstrate that 99.1%of vanadium and 91.4%of sodium in the solution are recovered in the form of NH_(4)VO_(3)and NaHCO_(3),respectively.展开更多
The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate particles by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. It consists in bubbling carb...The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate particles by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. It consists in bubbling carbon dioxide in a suspension of lime to obtain precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC is a mineral filler with various applications: sealants, paints, paper, ink, pharmacy, cosmetics, food etc. However, there is a challenge related to the synthesis and the use of this precipitate: the agglomeration of the monoparticles. The aim of this work is then to understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon and to study its kinetics to improve the run of the process and the control of its impact on the final product. Experiments realized with a high concentration in sodium chloride (2 M) showed that the modification of the electrostatic environment did not change the particle size distribution and the morphology of the agglomerates. This indicates that the electrostatic interactions are not responsible for the agglomeration but the formation of crystalline bridges induced by the crystal growth. Thus, thanks to an agglomeration model including the crystal growth rate, the agglomeration kernel β and the agglomeration constant β0 can be determined using a mathematical treatment of the experimental particle size distributions. Finally, by varying the experimental conditions, it appears that the agglomeration constant increases with the temperature whereas there is an optimal value regarding the shear rate.展开更多
Microbes can produce 2 3 CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>in an environment conductive to precipitation,so the incompact sands will be consolidated.This technology is environmentally friendly not onl...Microbes can produce 2 3 CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>in an environment conductive to precipitation,so the incompact sands will be consolidated.This technology is environmentally friendly not only because it gives strength to the sand body,but also it allows water to penetrate into the sand body,which is unlike silicate cement that will destroy the ecosystem of the earth.After comparing the activity of three kinds of bacteria,the most suitable one was chosen for the study.However,the activity of this bacterium was still not high enough for the purpose,so it was purified.A suitable program for the consolidation and cementation of sands was also found in the experiment.The compressive strength and the porosity of the cemented sand body were tested to characterize the cementation effectiveness.XRD analysis showed that a new phase of calcite was produced between sand grains.The content of calcite was detected by TG.The study showed that the precipitation program was quite important to obtain a sound cemented sand body in addition to the activity of the bacteria.展开更多
文摘采用2次注入菌液方式,制备不同浓度营养盐处理的微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)胶结砂样。通过固结排水三轴试验和碳酸钙定量化学试验测定试样强度参数及碳酸钙(CaCO_3)含量,分析了营养盐浓度对胶结砂物理力学特性的影响及碳酸钙沉淀量试样强度指标间的关系。结果表明,同等反应时间、同等体积营养盐溶液条件下,随着营养盐浓度的提高试样强度逐渐升高,且达到一定峰值后再下降;碳酸钙晶体分布形态较好条件下,变形模量随着试样干密度的增加而增加;碳酸钙晶体分布形态和沉淀含量共同影响MICP试样强度的提高,试验中0.5 M试样强度提高效果最好,碳酸钙含量、黏聚力、内摩擦角分别为6.03%、46.9 k Pa和41.31°。
基金the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22078343)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA0430103)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1900502)。
文摘Thermodynamic simulation was conducted to design a new process of stepwise precipitating NH_(4)VO_(3)and NaHCO_(3)from regulating the CO_(2)carbonation of Na_(3)VO_(4)solution.Firstly,a new V(V)speciation model for the aqueous solution containing vanadate and carbonate is established by using the Bromley-Zemaitis activity coefficient model.Subsequently,thermodynamic equilibrium calculations are conducted to clarify the behavior of vanadium,carbon,sodium,and impurity species in atmospheric or high-pressure carbonation.To ensure the purity and recovery of vanadium products,Na_(3)VO_(4)solution is initially carbonated to the pH of 9.3-9.4,followed by precipitating NH_(4)VO_(3)by adding(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3).After vanadium precipitation,the solution is deeply carbonated to the final pH of 7.3-7.5 to precipitate NaHCO_(3),and the remaining solution is recycled to dissolve Na_(3)VO_(4)crystals.Finally,verification experiments demonstrate that 99.1%of vanadium and 91.4%of sodium in the solution are recovered in the form of NH_(4)VO_(3)and NaHCO_(3),respectively.
文摘The reaction studied in this work is the synthesis of nanometric size calcium carbonate particles by carbonation of a suspension of lime, which represents the most common industrial route. It consists in bubbling carbon dioxide in a suspension of lime to obtain precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). PCC is a mineral filler with various applications: sealants, paints, paper, ink, pharmacy, cosmetics, food etc. However, there is a challenge related to the synthesis and the use of this precipitate: the agglomeration of the monoparticles. The aim of this work is then to understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon and to study its kinetics to improve the run of the process and the control of its impact on the final product. Experiments realized with a high concentration in sodium chloride (2 M) showed that the modification of the electrostatic environment did not change the particle size distribution and the morphology of the agglomerates. This indicates that the electrostatic interactions are not responsible for the agglomeration but the formation of crystalline bridges induced by the crystal growth. Thus, thanks to an agglomeration model including the crystal growth rate, the agglomeration kernel β and the agglomeration constant β0 can be determined using a mathematical treatment of the experimental particle size distributions. Finally, by varying the experimental conditions, it appears that the agglomeration constant increases with the temperature whereas there is an optimal value regarding the shear rate.
基金supported by Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry ofEducation of China(Grant No.20090092110029)
文摘Microbes can produce 2 3 CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>in an environment conductive to precipitation,so the incompact sands will be consolidated.This technology is environmentally friendly not only because it gives strength to the sand body,but also it allows water to penetrate into the sand body,which is unlike silicate cement that will destroy the ecosystem of the earth.After comparing the activity of three kinds of bacteria,the most suitable one was chosen for the study.However,the activity of this bacterium was still not high enough for the purpose,so it was purified.A suitable program for the consolidation and cementation of sands was also found in the experiment.The compressive strength and the porosity of the cemented sand body were tested to characterize the cementation effectiveness.XRD analysis showed that a new phase of calcite was produced between sand grains.The content of calcite was detected by TG.The study showed that the precipitation program was quite important to obtain a sound cemented sand body in addition to the activity of the bacteria.
