为研究水下高速射流气泡变化规律,采用VOF(Volume of Fluids)模型分别对水下等温高速气体射流和热高速气体射流动态流场进行了气水耦合数值求解。其中热射流考虑了汽化因素对气泡内气流场的影响,数值模拟了气泡的形成、发展、断裂及融...为研究水下高速射流气泡变化规律,采用VOF(Volume of Fluids)模型分别对水下等温高速气体射流和热高速气体射流动态流场进行了气水耦合数值求解。其中热射流考虑了汽化因素对气泡内气流场的影响,数值模拟了气泡的形成、发展、断裂及融合过程,揭示了气泡中压力和马赫数等参数的变化规律,得出了水下点火初期的流场特征。研究发现:在相同入口压力下,热射流产生气泡的空间尺度比等温射流产生的气泡空间尺度要小;气泡发展过程中会出现颈缩,也可能断裂,断裂与否取决于气泡颈缩处内外压差,气泡的颈缩与断裂是产生压力脉动的重要因素,并决定了压力峰的位置和大小,气泡断裂位置越靠近喷管出口,压力峰值越大,该压力峰值会影响火箭发动机尾流场特性。展开更多
The gas and water flows during an underwater missile launch are numerically studied. For the gas flow, the explicit difference scheme of Non-oscillation and Non-free-parameter Dissipation (NND) is utilized to solve th...The gas and water flows during an underwater missile launch are numerically studied. For the gas flow, the explicit difference scheme of Non-oscillation and Non-free-parameter Dissipation (NND) is utilized to solve the Euler equations for compressible fluids in the body-fitted coordinates. For the water flow, the Hess-Smith method is employed to solve the Laplace equation for the velocity potential of irrotational water flows based on the potential theory and the boundary element method. The hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation for the free boundary conditions is used to compute the changes of the free surface of the exhausted gas bubble in time stepping. On the free surface of the exhausted gas bubble, the matched conditions of both the normal velocities and pressures are satisfied. From the numerical simulation, it is found that the exhausted gas bubble grows more rapidly in the axial direction than in the radial direction and the bubble will shrink at its "neck" finally. Numerical results of the movement of the shock wave and the distribution of the Mach number and the gas pressure within the bubble were presented, which reveals that at some time, the gas flow in the Laval nozzle is subsonic and the gas pressure in the nozzle is very high. Influences of various initial missile velocities and chamber total pressures and water depths on both the time interval when the gas flow in the nozzle is subsonic and the peak of the gas pressure at the nozzle end were discussed. It was suggested that a reasonable adjustment of the chamber total pressure can improve the performance of the engine during the underwater launch of missiles.展开更多
The growth, expansion and collapse of a bubble in a narrow tube are studied using both experiments and numerical simulations. In experiment, the bubble is generated by an electric spark in a water tank and recorded by...The growth, expansion and collapse of a bubble in a narrow tube are studied using both experiments and numerical simulations. In experiment, the bubble is generated by an electric spark in a water tank and recorded by a highspeed camera system. In numerical simulation, the evolution of the bubble is solved by adopting axisymmetric boundary integral equation, considering the surface tension effect. The results of experiments and numerical simulations are compared and good agreements are achieved. Both of them show that a counter-jet forms and penetrates the bubble at the end of the collapse stage, before a ring type bubble forms. Under the attraction of the tube wall due to Bjerknes force, a ring jet is generated, pointing towards the tube. On the basis of this, some physical quantities like the pressure on the tube wall and kinetic energy are calculated in a case study. The effects of tube diameters and tube lengths on the bubble＇s behaviors are also investigated.展开更多
文摘为研究水下高速射流气泡变化规律,采用VOF(Volume of Fluids)模型分别对水下等温高速气体射流和热高速气体射流动态流场进行了气水耦合数值求解。其中热射流考虑了汽化因素对气泡内气流场的影响,数值模拟了气泡的形成、发展、断裂及融合过程,揭示了气泡中压力和马赫数等参数的变化规律,得出了水下点火初期的流场特征。研究发现:在相同入口压力下,热射流产生气泡的空间尺度比等温射流产生的气泡空间尺度要小;气泡发展过程中会出现颈缩,也可能断裂,断裂与否取决于气泡颈缩处内外压差,气泡的颈缩与断裂是产生压力脉动的重要因素,并决定了压力峰的位置和大小,气泡断裂位置越靠近喷管出口,压力峰值越大,该压力峰值会影响火箭发动机尾流场特性。
文摘The gas and water flows during an underwater missile launch are numerically studied. For the gas flow, the explicit difference scheme of Non-oscillation and Non-free-parameter Dissipation (NND) is utilized to solve the Euler equations for compressible fluids in the body-fitted coordinates. For the water flow, the Hess-Smith method is employed to solve the Laplace equation for the velocity potential of irrotational water flows based on the potential theory and the boundary element method. The hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation for the free boundary conditions is used to compute the changes of the free surface of the exhausted gas bubble in time stepping. On the free surface of the exhausted gas bubble, the matched conditions of both the normal velocities and pressures are satisfied. From the numerical simulation, it is found that the exhausted gas bubble grows more rapidly in the axial direction than in the radial direction and the bubble will shrink at its "neck" finally. Numerical results of the movement of the shock wave and the distribution of the Mach number and the gas pressure within the bubble were presented, which reveals that at some time, the gas flow in the Laval nozzle is subsonic and the gas pressure in the nozzle is very high. Influences of various initial missile velocities and chamber total pressures and water depths on both the time interval when the gas flow in the nozzle is subsonic and the peak of the gas pressure at the nozzle end were discussed. It was suggested that a reasonable adjustment of the chamber total pressure can improve the performance of the engine during the underwater launch of missiles.
基金supported by the Lloyd’s Register Educational Trust(The LRET)the National Natural Foundation of China(10976008)
文摘The growth, expansion and collapse of a bubble in a narrow tube are studied using both experiments and numerical simulations. In experiment, the bubble is generated by an electric spark in a water tank and recorded by a highspeed camera system. In numerical simulation, the evolution of the bubble is solved by adopting axisymmetric boundary integral equation, considering the surface tension effect. The results of experiments and numerical simulations are compared and good agreements are achieved. Both of them show that a counter-jet forms and penetrates the bubble at the end of the collapse stage, before a ring type bubble forms. Under the attraction of the tube wall due to Bjerknes force, a ring jet is generated, pointing towards the tube. On the basis of this, some physical quantities like the pressure on the tube wall and kinetic energy are calculated in a case study. The effects of tube diameters and tube lengths on the bubble＇s behaviors are also investigated.
