Nanopore detection is a hot issue in current research.One of the challenges is how to slow down the transport velocity of nanoparticles in nanopores.In this paper,we propose a functional group modified nanopore.That m...Nanopore detection is a hot issue in current research.One of the challenges is how to slow down the transport velocity of nanoparticles in nanopores.In this paper,we propose a functional group modified nanopore.That means a polyelectrolyte brush layer is grafted on the surface of the nanopore to change the surface charge properties.The existing studies generally set the charge density of the brush layer to a fixed value.On the contrary,in this paper,we consider an essential property of the brush layer:the volume charge density is adjustable with pH.Thus,the charge property of the brush layer will change with the local H+concentration.Based on this,we established a mathematical model to study the transport of nanoparticles in polyelectrolyte brush layer modified nanopores.We found that pH can effectively adjust the charge density and even the polarity of the brush layer.A larger pH can reduce the transport velocity of nanoparticles and improve the blockade degree of ion current.The grafting density does not change the polarity of the brush charge.The larger the grafting density,the greater the charge density of the brush layer,and the blockade degree of ion current is also more obvious.The polyelectrolyte brush layer modified nanopores in this paper can effectively reduce the nanoparticle transport velocity and retain the essential ion current characteristics,such as ion current blockade and enhancement.展开更多
Nickel and silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite coatings were prepared by brush plating with direct and pulse current.The surface morphology,microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were investiga...Nickel and silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite coatings were prepared by brush plating with direct and pulse current.The surface morphology,microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),mirohardness tester and ball-on-disk tribotester.The results show that the technical parameters,pulse current,duty circle and frequency,are of great influence on the growth of crystalline and properties of the coating.Compared with the coating plated with direct current,the coatings plated with pulse currents have smaller nanocrystalline,contain more SiO2 nanoparticle and have higher hardness and wear resistance.展开更多
Resin matrix carbon brush composites(RMCBCs)are critical materials for high-powered electric tools.However,effectively improving their wear resistance and heat dissipation remains a challenge.RMCBCs prepared with flak...Resin matrix carbon brush composites(RMCBCs)are critical materials for high-powered electric tools.However,effectively improving their wear resistance and heat dissipation remains a challenge.RMCBCs prepared with flake graphite powders that were evenly loaded with tungsten copper composite powder(RMCBCs-W@Cu)exhibited a low wear rate of 1.63 mm^(3)/h,exhibiting 48.6%reduction in the wear rate relative to RCMBCs without additives(RMCBCs-0).In addition,RMCBCs-W@Cu achieved a low friction coefficient of 0.243 and low electric spark grade.These findings indicate that tungsten copper composite powders provide particle reinforcement and generate a gradation effect for the epoxy resin(i.e.,connecting phase)in RMCBCs,which weakens the wear of RMCBCs caused by fatigue under a cyclic current-carrying wear.展开更多
针对水轮发电机碳刷/集电环摩擦副磨损严重、打火和励磁电流不稳等现象.在对常用碳刷(D172、E468e)磨损原因及影响因素分析的基础上,采用碳刷/GCr15钢球配副在Anton Paar Tribometer多功能摩擦磨损试验机上,研究干滑动条件下载荷、速度...针对水轮发电机碳刷/集电环摩擦副磨损严重、打火和励磁电流不稳等现象.在对常用碳刷(D172、E468e)磨损原因及影响因素分析的基础上,采用碳刷/GCr15钢球配副在Anton Paar Tribometer多功能摩擦磨损试验机上,研究干滑动条件下载荷、速度及电流密度对碳刷/GCr15钢球配副摩擦学性能的影响.结果表明:碳刷/集电环摩擦副在载流与无载流时的摩擦磨损性能相差较大.无载流时,D172和E468e两碳刷的磨损率均随载荷的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势,在达到最小值时出现大转折,两碳刷磨损率变化趋势呈“U”字型.无载流时D172碳刷磨损率远低于E468e,载流时则情况相反.D172碳刷无载流时磨损机理以磨粒磨损为主并伴有轻微黏着磨损,载流时碳刷除发生磨粒磨损、黏着磨损外还伴有氧化磨损.E468e碳刷在载流前后均为磨粒磨损.D172碳刷摩擦系数整体呈增大趋势,而E468e碳刷摩擦系数先缓慢增大随后逐渐减小,电流对D172碳刷摩擦系数的影响比E468e碳刷更明显.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075138 and 61964006)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2019RC032)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(No.ZDYF2022SHFZ033)。
文摘Nanopore detection is a hot issue in current research.One of the challenges is how to slow down the transport velocity of nanoparticles in nanopores.In this paper,we propose a functional group modified nanopore.That means a polyelectrolyte brush layer is grafted on the surface of the nanopore to change the surface charge properties.The existing studies generally set the charge density of the brush layer to a fixed value.On the contrary,in this paper,we consider an essential property of the brush layer:the volume charge density is adjustable with pH.Thus,the charge property of the brush layer will change with the local H+concentration.Based on this,we established a mathematical model to study the transport of nanoparticles in polyelectrolyte brush layer modified nanopores.We found that pH can effectively adjust the charge density and even the polarity of the brush layer.A larger pH can reduce the transport velocity of nanoparticles and improve the blockade degree of ion current.The grafting density does not change the polarity of the brush charge.The larger the grafting density,the greater the charge density of the brush layer,and the blockade degree of ion current is also more obvious.The polyelectrolyte brush layer modified nanopores in this paper can effectively reduce the nanoparticle transport velocity and retain the essential ion current characteristics,such as ion current blockade and enhancement.
文摘Nickel and silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite coatings were prepared by brush plating with direct and pulse current.The surface morphology,microstructure,hardness and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),mirohardness tester and ball-on-disk tribotester.The results show that the technical parameters,pulse current,duty circle and frequency,are of great influence on the growth of crystalline and properties of the coating.Compared with the coating plated with direct current,the coatings plated with pulse currents have smaller nanocrystalline,contain more SiO2 nanoparticle and have higher hardness and wear resistance.
基金Projects(51772081,51837009,51971091)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(HFZL2018CXY003-4)supported by the Industry-University-Research Cooperation of AECC,ChinaProject(kq1902046)supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Changsha City,China。
文摘Resin matrix carbon brush composites(RMCBCs)are critical materials for high-powered electric tools.However,effectively improving their wear resistance and heat dissipation remains a challenge.RMCBCs prepared with flake graphite powders that were evenly loaded with tungsten copper composite powder(RMCBCs-W@Cu)exhibited a low wear rate of 1.63 mm^(3)/h,exhibiting 48.6%reduction in the wear rate relative to RCMBCs without additives(RMCBCs-0).In addition,RMCBCs-W@Cu achieved a low friction coefficient of 0.243 and low electric spark grade.These findings indicate that tungsten copper composite powders provide particle reinforcement and generate a gradation effect for the epoxy resin(i.e.,connecting phase)in RMCBCs,which weakens the wear of RMCBCs caused by fatigue under a cyclic current-carrying wear.
文摘针对水轮发电机碳刷/集电环摩擦副磨损严重、打火和励磁电流不稳等现象.在对常用碳刷(D172、E468e)磨损原因及影响因素分析的基础上,采用碳刷/GCr15钢球配副在Anton Paar Tribometer多功能摩擦磨损试验机上,研究干滑动条件下载荷、速度及电流密度对碳刷/GCr15钢球配副摩擦学性能的影响.结果表明:碳刷/集电环摩擦副在载流与无载流时的摩擦磨损性能相差较大.无载流时,D172和E468e两碳刷的磨损率均随载荷的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势,在达到最小值时出现大转折,两碳刷磨损率变化趋势呈“U”字型.无载流时D172碳刷磨损率远低于E468e,载流时则情况相反.D172碳刷无载流时磨损机理以磨粒磨损为主并伴有轻微黏着磨损,载流时碳刷除发生磨粒磨损、黏着磨损外还伴有氧化磨损.E468e碳刷在载流前后均为磨粒磨损.D172碳刷摩擦系数整体呈增大趋势,而E468e碳刷摩擦系数先缓慢增大随后逐渐减小,电流对D172碳刷摩擦系数的影响比E468e碳刷更明显.
