This paper proposes a novel price based load frequency control scheme for a two area system, using an Unscheduled Interchange (UI) price signal, which is ideal and suitable for electricity market. The Government of In...This paper proposes a novel price based load frequency control scheme for a two area system, using an Unscheduled Interchange (UI) price signal, which is ideal and suitable for electricity market. The Government of India has introduced Availability Based Tariff (ABT) structure with an intention of ensuring grid security and to regulate grid indiscipline through Central Electricity Regulatory Commission Regulation. After the introduction of this regulation, the over or under injection by the generating companies (GENCOs) during off peak or peak hours are demoralized and the frequency is maintained at the nominal value. In this paper, the GENCOs instead of reacting to this price signal manually, an automated mode of frequency control is deployed in each area using UI price signal to achieve fast response to load change. The Distribution Company (DISCO) Participation Matrix (DPM) has also been employed in this work to relate the scenario under deregulation of electricity market. The proposed scheme has been verified for different cases by simulating it on a two area system, each having four GENCOs and one DISCO in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. From the results, it is clearly observed that if the proposed method is employed by all GENCOs, it will certainly enhance the control of system frequency and at the same time throw down the UI liability of market participants. It also ensures that the GENCOs and DISCOs strictly adhere to the bilateral contract following the DISCO participation matrix.展开更多
Being capable of aggregating multiple energy resources, the energy service company(ESCO) has been regarded as a promising alternative for improving power system flexibility and facilitating the consumption of renewabl...Being capable of aggregating multiple energy resources, the energy service company(ESCO) has been regarded as a promising alternative for improving power system flexibility and facilitating the consumption of renewable resources in the electricity market. Considering the uncertain variables in day-ahead(DA) market trading, an ESCO can hardly determine their accurate probability distribution functions. Traditional interval optimization methods are used to process these uncertain variables without specific probability distribution functions.However, the lower and upper bounds of the intervals may change due to extreme weather conditions and other emergent events. Hence, a dual interval optimization based trading strategy(DIOTS) for ESCO in a DA market with bilateral contracts(BCs) is proposed. First, we transfer the dual interval optimization model into a simple model consisting of several interval optimization models. Then, a pessimistic preference ordering method is applied to solve the derived model. Case studies illustrating an actual test system corroborate the validity and the robustness of the proposed model, and also reveal that ECSO is critical in improving power system flexibility and facilitating the ability of absorbing renewable resources.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a novel price based load frequency control scheme for a two area system, using an Unscheduled Interchange (UI) price signal, which is ideal and suitable for electricity market. The Government of India has introduced Availability Based Tariff (ABT) structure with an intention of ensuring grid security and to regulate grid indiscipline through Central Electricity Regulatory Commission Regulation. After the introduction of this regulation, the over or under injection by the generating companies (GENCOs) during off peak or peak hours are demoralized and the frequency is maintained at the nominal value. In this paper, the GENCOs instead of reacting to this price signal manually, an automated mode of frequency control is deployed in each area using UI price signal to achieve fast response to load change. The Distribution Company (DISCO) Participation Matrix (DPM) has also been employed in this work to relate the scenario under deregulation of electricity market. The proposed scheme has been verified for different cases by simulating it on a two area system, each having four GENCOs and one DISCO in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. From the results, it is clearly observed that if the proposed method is employed by all GENCOs, it will certainly enhance the control of system frequency and at the same time throw down the UI liability of market participants. It also ensures that the GENCOs and DISCOs strictly adhere to the bilateral contract following the DISCO participation matrix.
基金jointly supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB0905200)State Grid Henan Economic Research Institute(No.52170018000S)。
文摘Being capable of aggregating multiple energy resources, the energy service company(ESCO) has been regarded as a promising alternative for improving power system flexibility and facilitating the consumption of renewable resources in the electricity market. Considering the uncertain variables in day-ahead(DA) market trading, an ESCO can hardly determine their accurate probability distribution functions. Traditional interval optimization methods are used to process these uncertain variables without specific probability distribution functions.However, the lower and upper bounds of the intervals may change due to extreme weather conditions and other emergent events. Hence, a dual interval optimization based trading strategy(DIOTS) for ESCO in a DA market with bilateral contracts(BCs) is proposed. First, we transfer the dual interval optimization model into a simple model consisting of several interval optimization models. Then, a pessimistic preference ordering method is applied to solve the derived model. Case studies illustrating an actual test system corroborate the validity and the robustness of the proposed model, and also reveal that ECSO is critical in improving power system flexibility and facilitating the ability of absorbing renewable resources.
