Input of large amounts of N and S compounds into forest ecosystems through atmospheric deposition is a significant risk for soil acidification in the oil sands region of Alberta.We evaluated the sensitivity of forest ...Input of large amounts of N and S compounds into forest ecosystems through atmospheric deposition is a significant risk for soil acidification in the oil sands region of Alberta.We evaluated the sensitivity of forest soils to acidification in two watersheds(Lake 287 and Lake 185)with contrasting hydrological regimes as a part of a larger project assessing the role of N and S cycling in soil acidification in forest ecosystems.Fifty six forest soil samples were collected from the two watersheds by horizon from 10 monitoring plots dominated by either jack pine(Pinus banksiana)or aspen(Populus tremuloides).Soils in the two watersheds were extremely to moderately acidic with pH(CaCl_2)ranging from 2.83 to 4.91.Soil acid-base chemistry variables such as pH,base saturation,Al saturation,and acid-buffering capacity measured using the acetic acid equilibrium procedure indicated that soils in Lake 287 were more acidified than those in Lake 185. Acid-buffering capacity decreased in the order of forest floor>subsurface mineral soil>surface mineral soil.The most dramatic differences in percent Ca and Al saturations between the two watersheds were found in the surface mineral soil horizon.Percent Ca and Al saturation in the surface mineral soil in Lake 287 were 15% and 70%,respectively;the percent Ca saturation value fell within a critical range proposed in the literature that indicates soil acidification.Our results suggest that the soils in the two watersheds have low acid buffering capacity and would be sensitive to increased acidic deposition in the region.展开更多
以辽宁省沈阳市于洪地区设施菜地及其相邻旱田土壤为研究对象,测定土壤的有机质、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基离子组成和土壤盐基离子饱和度,分析设施蔬菜栽培对土壤阳离子交换量及交换性盐基离子组成的影响。结果表明:(1)与旱田土壤相比...以辽宁省沈阳市于洪地区设施菜地及其相邻旱田土壤为研究对象,测定土壤的有机质、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基离子组成和土壤盐基离子饱和度,分析设施蔬菜栽培对土壤阳离子交换量及交换性盐基离子组成的影响。结果表明:(1)与旱田土壤相比,设施土壤有机质含量明显增加,上下层土壤有机质平均含量分别为35.6 g kg-1和18.0 g kg-1,分别是旱田上下层土壤有机质含量的2.1倍和1.8倍;设施土壤阳离子交换量呈上升的趋势,土壤阳离子交换量与有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.603**,n=50,r0.01=0.361)。(2)与旱田土壤相比,不同层次设施土壤交换性盐基总量均有所增加,交换性盐基离子中除交换性Ca2+含量变化不大之外,交换性K+、Mg2+、Na+含量均显著增加;不同层次设施土壤交换性K+、Mg2+、Na+饱和度显著高于旱田土壤,但交换性Ca2+饱和度和盐基饱和度呈下降趋势。展开更多
在温室内对1年生盆栽杉木幼苗进行模拟试验,以研究氮沉降对土壤酸化和土壤盐基离子含量的影响.以NH4NO3为外加氮源,设置5种处理,分别为N0(对照,0 g m-2 a-1,以N计,下同)、N1(6 g m-2 a-1)、N2(12 g m-2 a-1)、N3(24 g m-2 a-1)和N4(48 g...在温室内对1年生盆栽杉木幼苗进行模拟试验,以研究氮沉降对土壤酸化和土壤盐基离子含量的影响.以NH4NO3为外加氮源,设置5种处理,分别为N0(对照,0 g m-2 a-1,以N计,下同)、N1(6 g m-2 a-1)、N2(12 g m-2 a-1)、N3(24 g m-2 a-1)和N4(48 g m-2 a-1),每处理重复6次.经过18个月的处理后,对盆栽土壤进行取样分析.结果显示,随着氮沉降量的增加,土壤pH值逐渐下降,而土壤交换性酸度和交换性Al3+则不断增加.经N1、N2、N3和N4处理后,土壤交换性盐基总量分别下降6.29%、8.94%、10.07%和10.38%,土壤阳离子交换量分别下降5.07%、7.27%、8.53%和8.83%.随氮沉降量的增加,土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N含量逐渐增加.低氮处理(N1、N2)使土壤交换性K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量增加,而高氮处理(N3、N4)则呈相反趋势.氮沉降由于增加了土壤活性氮的含量,加速了土壤酸化,从而导致了盐基离子的淋失.展开更多
基金Project supported by the NO_x-SO_2 Management Working Group(NSMWG)under the Cumulative Environmental Management Association(CEMA),Canada(No.2006-0003).
文摘Input of large amounts of N and S compounds into forest ecosystems through atmospheric deposition is a significant risk for soil acidification in the oil sands region of Alberta.We evaluated the sensitivity of forest soils to acidification in two watersheds(Lake 287 and Lake 185)with contrasting hydrological regimes as a part of a larger project assessing the role of N and S cycling in soil acidification in forest ecosystems.Fifty six forest soil samples were collected from the two watersheds by horizon from 10 monitoring plots dominated by either jack pine(Pinus banksiana)or aspen(Populus tremuloides).Soils in the two watersheds were extremely to moderately acidic with pH(CaCl_2)ranging from 2.83 to 4.91.Soil acid-base chemistry variables such as pH,base saturation,Al saturation,and acid-buffering capacity measured using the acetic acid equilibrium procedure indicated that soils in Lake 287 were more acidified than those in Lake 185. Acid-buffering capacity decreased in the order of forest floor>subsurface mineral soil>surface mineral soil.The most dramatic differences in percent Ca and Al saturations between the two watersheds were found in the surface mineral soil horizon.Percent Ca and Al saturation in the surface mineral soil in Lake 287 were 15% and 70%,respectively;the percent Ca saturation value fell within a critical range proposed in the literature that indicates soil acidification.Our results suggest that the soils in the two watersheds have low acid buffering capacity and would be sensitive to increased acidic deposition in the region.
文摘以辽宁省沈阳市于洪地区设施菜地及其相邻旱田土壤为研究对象,测定土壤的有机质、阳离子交换量、交换性盐基离子组成和土壤盐基离子饱和度,分析设施蔬菜栽培对土壤阳离子交换量及交换性盐基离子组成的影响。结果表明:(1)与旱田土壤相比,设施土壤有机质含量明显增加,上下层土壤有机质平均含量分别为35.6 g kg-1和18.0 g kg-1,分别是旱田上下层土壤有机质含量的2.1倍和1.8倍;设施土壤阳离子交换量呈上升的趋势,土壤阳离子交换量与有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系(r=0.603**,n=50,r0.01=0.361)。(2)与旱田土壤相比,不同层次设施土壤交换性盐基总量均有所增加,交换性盐基离子中除交换性Ca2+含量变化不大之外,交换性K+、Mg2+、Na+含量均显著增加;不同层次设施土壤交换性K+、Mg2+、Na+饱和度显著高于旱田土壤,但交换性Ca2+饱和度和盐基饱和度呈下降趋势。
文摘在温室内对1年生盆栽杉木幼苗进行模拟试验,以研究氮沉降对土壤酸化和土壤盐基离子含量的影响.以NH4NO3为外加氮源,设置5种处理,分别为N0(对照,0 g m-2 a-1,以N计,下同)、N1(6 g m-2 a-1)、N2(12 g m-2 a-1)、N3(24 g m-2 a-1)和N4(48 g m-2 a-1),每处理重复6次.经过18个月的处理后,对盆栽土壤进行取样分析.结果显示,随着氮沉降量的增加,土壤pH值逐渐下降,而土壤交换性酸度和交换性Al3+则不断增加.经N1、N2、N3和N4处理后,土壤交换性盐基总量分别下降6.29%、8.94%、10.07%和10.38%,土壤阳离子交换量分别下降5.07%、7.27%、8.53%和8.83%.随氮沉降量的增加,土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N含量逐渐增加.低氮处理(N1、N2)使土壤交换性K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量增加,而高氮处理(N3、N4)则呈相反趋势.氮沉降由于增加了土壤活性氮的含量,加速了土壤酸化,从而导致了盐基离子的淋失.
