Low-cost adsorbents, Magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized using three different types of fuel such as Urea, Oxalic acid, and Citric acid via sol-gel auto-combustion method. The prepared products ...Low-cost adsorbents, Magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized using three different types of fuel such as Urea, Oxalic acid, and Citric acid via sol-gel auto-combustion method. The prepared products were characterized by means of powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). The influence of the fuel used on the morphology and the crystallite size of MgFe2O4 Nano products were studied. The results showed that Citric acid fuel produced pure MgFe2O4 with the smallest crystallite size average cluster = 13.53 nm. The synthesized sample was used for the removal of 99TcO4- anions from low level liquid waste under studied conditions. The different parameters affecting on the adsorption process using the batch method were studied. The results revealed that MgFe2O4 nanostructure has high removal ability of 99TcO4- from aqueous solutions (98.84%). The adsorption data are in good agreement with Freundlich and Pseudo second order isotherm models. The adsorption process was a chemisorption reaction additionally, the results of the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of 99TcO4- on nanostructures was an exothermic and spontaneous process.展开更多
NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 aluminate spinel nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method using diethanolamine(DEA)as a fuel.The effects of calcination temperature on structure,crystallinity,morpho...NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 aluminate spinel nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method using diethanolamine(DEA)as a fuel.The effects of calcination temperature on structure,crystallinity,morphology,and optical properties of MAl2O4(M=Ni,Cu,Zn)have been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS),and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy.The XRD and FT-IR results confirm the formation of single-phase spinel structure of NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 at 1200,1000,and 600℃,respectively.The direct band gap of these aluminate spinels,calculated from UV-DRS spectra using the Kubelka–Munk function,is found to increase with calcination temperature.The PL spectra demonstrate that NiAl2O4 gives the highest blue emission intensity,while CuAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 exhibit a very strong violet emission.During fluorescence process,the ZnAl2O4 emits visible light in only violet and blue regions,while Ni Al2O4 and CuAl2O4 emissions extend to the green region.It seems therefore that the transition metal type and intrinsic defects in these aluminate powders are responsible for these phenomena.展开更多
Ni-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Ni1–XZnXFe2O4 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 & 1.0) ferrite powders have been successfully prepared at a very low temperature (180℃) by a novel auto combustion process usi...Ni-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Ni1–XZnXFe2O4 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 & 1.0) ferrite powders have been successfully prepared at a very low temperature (180℃) by a novel auto combustion process using citric acid as a coordinating agent. Phase purity of the solid solutions has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Morphological, elemental composition characterizations of the prepared samples were performed by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic properties of all samples are obtained by using VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) in the range of 10 K oe. The saturation magnetization values of the samples are carried out from the B-H loop. The effect of composition on saturation magnetization and magnetic moment are studied in this paper. The results showed that Saturation magnetization and magnetic moment values increases gradually as Zn2+ composition increases, it reaches maximum value 70.28 emu/gm for (X = 0.6) and decreases further with increasing Zn2+ composition.展开更多
Co-Cr nano-ferrites, having the chemical formula CoCrxFe2-xO4 (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0), were synthesized by the Citrate-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized powders were sintered at 500°...Co-Cr nano-ferrites, having the chemical formula CoCrxFe2-xO4 (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0), were synthesized by the Citrate-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized powders were sintered at 500°C for 4 hours in an air and were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. XRD analysis showed cubic spinel structure of the ferrites and the crystallite sizes (D) were found in the range of 6 - 12 nm. The values of lattice parameter (a) decreased and X-ray density (dx) increased with the increase of Cr content. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies revealed nano crystalline nature of the samples. An elemental composition of the samples was studied by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The observed results can be explained on the basis of composition and crystal size.展开更多
Mn-Zn ferrites doped with different contents of Sm^（3＋） and Gd^（3＋） ions were prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermogravimetric an...Mn-Zn ferrites doped with different contents of Sm^（3＋） and Gd^（3＋） ions were prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermogravimetric analysis（TG）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM）. When samples were calcined in a relatively low temperature below 1100 °C, secondary phases（α-Fe_2O_3） could be identified. Therefore, in order to acquire pure and better crystallinity, the suitable calcining temperature of powders was selected at 1200 °C. It was also found that all the samples consisting of ferrite phases of typical spinel cubic structure and average crystallite sizes between 31.5 and 38.2 nm were obtained after calcining at 1200 oC for 4 h. The lattice parameters increased almost linearly with increasing Sm content. A dense microstructure was obtained after sintering at 1250 °C for 4 h. Through the analysis of magnetic properties, hysteresis loops for all the samples were narrow with low values of coercivity and retentivity, indicating the paramagnetic nature of these samples. And saturation magnetization Ms strongly depended on the type of additive to reach a maximum of 47.99 emu/g for x=0.015, which showed a great promise for hyperthermia applications.展开更多
Nanostructured LaFeO3 and substituted LaZnxFe1-xO3(x = 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.2,and 0.3) perovskites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method and used in the catalytic combustion of toluene.Their structures and...Nanostructured LaFeO3 and substituted LaZnxFe1-xO3(x = 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.2,and 0.3) perovskites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method and used in the catalytic combustion of toluene.Their structures and surface properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction,Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy,BET surface area,and scanning electron microscopy.Characterization data revealed that the total insertion of zinc into LaFeO3 takes place when x ≤ 0.1.However,ZnO segregation occurs to some extent,especially at x > 0.1.The performance of these perovskites was evaluated by toluene combustion.The catalytic activity of the catalysts increased substantially with an increase in zinc substitution.These results can be attributed to the cooperative effect between LaZnxFe1-xO3 and the zinc oxide phases.The relative concentration of these phases determines their oxygen activation ability and reactivity.展开更多
Recent developments and trends spinel ferrite nanomaterial synthesis are briefly of sol-gel auto-combustion method for discussed and critically analyzed. The analysis of various parameters of reaction which could be u...Recent developments and trends spinel ferrite nanomaterial synthesis are briefly of sol-gel auto-combustion method for discussed and critically analyzed. The analysis of various parameters of reaction which could be used for better understanding of synthesis process and control of microstructure and property of spinel ferrite nanopowder products was the main objective of this review article. Special attention was paid to variety of particle size and phase purity. For these purposes the correlation between complexant, oxygen balance and combustion process chemical additives, as well as heating mechanism and atmosphere, was established. These results are relevant from standpoints of both application and processing of ferrites.展开更多
The polycrystalline GdCrO_(3)(GCO)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method.The Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCO confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystalli...The polycrystalline GdCrO_(3)(GCO)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method.The Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCO confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystallizes in perovskite crystal structure with space group Pbnm.The transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction divulge the polycrystalline nature of the perovskite chromite.The field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images reveal the microstructural polyhedral growth of grains separated by sharp grain boundaries.The chemical states of the ions present in the compound were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)studies,and the electrical pathways were identified.Complex impedance studies were carried out in the experimental frequency and temperature ranges of 40 Hz-4 MHz and 178-408 K,respectively.The equivalent circuit model(RGQG)(RGBQGB)resolves the impedance response into two contributions originating from the intra-grain and inter-granular micro-constituents of the material.The electrical conduction mechanism is based on the Mott variable range hopping model.The complex electric modulus studies demonstrate the short-and long-range mobility of the charge carriers and rule out the presence of electrode effects on the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the material.The decreasing pattern of dielectric permittivity with frequency is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner type of polarization.The frequency dependence of the loss factor exhibits the presence of thermally activated relaxation time distribution in the material.展开更多
Doped strontium(Sr) hexaferrites appeared potential candidates for microwave absorber applications.Driven by this idea, we examined the influence of manganese(Mn) and yttrium(Y) co-substitution on the microstructures,...Doped strontium(Sr) hexaferrites appeared potential candidates for microwave absorber applications.Driven by this idea, we examined the influence of manganese(Mn) and yttrium(Y) co-substitution on the microstructures,morphology and magnetic properties of Sr nanohexaferrites(Sr1-xMnxFe12-yYyO19,where 0.0 ≤ x = y ≤ 0.5) synthesized via citrate sol-gel auto-combustion technique. As-prepared samples were thoroughly characterized using diverse analytical tools. X-ray diffraction pattern reveals a single Mhexagonal crystalline phase. FE-SEM, TEM, HR-TEM show a hexagonal platelet-like structure. The magnetic hysteresis loops(measured at room and low temperature) of the as-prepared nanohexaferrites exhibit ferromagnetic(FM) behavior. Magnetic parameters including the saturation magnetization,remanence, coercive and magneto-crystalline anisotropy field are found to decrease with the increase in Mn2+ and Y3+ contents. Zero-and normal-field cooled magnetization measurements in the range of 2-400 K display the complete absence of blocking temperature, confirming the characteristic ferromagnetic behavior of the proposed composition.展开更多
用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶燃烧法制备了锂离子电池正极材料L iN i0.5Co0.5O2,并对材料进行了热分析、红外分析及X射线衍射分析。研究结果表明,L iN i0.5Co0.5O2干凝胶在空气中自蔓延燃烧,燃烧产物再于800℃烧结10 h,可避免因缺氧而导致杂相L i2...用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶燃烧法制备了锂离子电池正极材料L iN i0.5Co0.5O2,并对材料进行了热分析、红外分析及X射线衍射分析。研究结果表明,L iN i0.5Co0.5O2干凝胶在空气中自蔓延燃烧,燃烧产物再于800℃烧结10 h,可避免因缺氧而导致杂相L i2CO3、L i2N i8O10的产生,产物晶型完整。展开更多
Al-substituted barium ferrite powders were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method according to the molecular formula BaAlxFe12-xO19 （x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0）. Compared with non-substituted ba...Al-substituted barium ferrite powders were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method according to the molecular formula BaAlxFe12-xO19 （x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0）. Compared with non-substituted barium ferrite annealing at 1000 ℃, the vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） measurement manifested that the optimum magnetic properties formation temperature of Al-substituted barium ferrite was 1 100 ℃. The data from X-ray diffractometer （XRD） showed that with increasing x, the lattice constants （a and c） decreased as well as the unit-cell volume Vcell. Magnetic measurement of non-substituted and Al-substituted powders annealed from 900 ℃ to 1 200 ℃ exhibited that the maximum magnetization M （10 kOe）, the remanent magnetization Mr and the coercivity Hc depended strongly on the chemical composition of powder as well as the annealing temperature. When annealing at 1 100 ℃, BaAl0.5Fe11.5O19 of high coercivity Hc （6584 Oe） was produced. Meanwhile, M （10 kOe） and Mr were 42.83 emu/g and 25.65 emu/g, respectively.展开更多
文摘Low-cost adsorbents, Magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized using three different types of fuel such as Urea, Oxalic acid, and Citric acid via sol-gel auto-combustion method. The prepared products were characterized by means of powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). The influence of the fuel used on the morphology and the crystallite size of MgFe2O4 Nano products were studied. The results showed that Citric acid fuel produced pure MgFe2O4 with the smallest crystallite size average cluster = 13.53 nm. The synthesized sample was used for the removal of 99TcO4- anions from low level liquid waste under studied conditions. The different parameters affecting on the adsorption process using the batch method were studied. The results revealed that MgFe2O4 nanostructure has high removal ability of 99TcO4- from aqueous solutions (98.84%). The adsorption data are in good agreement with Freundlich and Pseudo second order isotherm models. The adsorption process was a chemisorption reaction additionally, the results of the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of 99TcO4- on nanostructures was an exothermic and spontaneous process.
基金financially supported by Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Sriracha Campusthe Kasetsart University Research and Development Institute (KURDI), Bangkok, Thailand
文摘NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 aluminate spinel nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method using diethanolamine(DEA)as a fuel.The effects of calcination temperature on structure,crystallinity,morphology,and optical properties of MAl2O4(M=Ni,Cu,Zn)have been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-DRS),and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy.The XRD and FT-IR results confirm the formation of single-phase spinel structure of NiAl2O4,CuAl2O4,and ZnAl2O4 at 1200,1000,and 600℃,respectively.The direct band gap of these aluminate spinels,calculated from UV-DRS spectra using the Kubelka–Munk function,is found to increase with calcination temperature.The PL spectra demonstrate that NiAl2O4 gives the highest blue emission intensity,while CuAl2O4 and ZnAl2O4 exhibit a very strong violet emission.During fluorescence process,the ZnAl2O4 emits visible light in only violet and blue regions,while Ni Al2O4 and CuAl2O4 emissions extend to the green region.It seems therefore that the transition metal type and intrinsic defects in these aluminate powders are responsible for these phenomena.
文摘Ni-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Ni1–XZnXFe2O4 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 & 1.0) ferrite powders have been successfully prepared at a very low temperature (180℃) by a novel auto combustion process using citric acid as a coordinating agent. Phase purity of the solid solutions has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Morphological, elemental composition characterizations of the prepared samples were performed by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic properties of all samples are obtained by using VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) in the range of 10 K oe. The saturation magnetization values of the samples are carried out from the B-H loop. The effect of composition on saturation magnetization and magnetic moment are studied in this paper. The results showed that Saturation magnetization and magnetic moment values increases gradually as Zn2+ composition increases, it reaches maximum value 70.28 emu/gm for (X = 0.6) and decreases further with increasing Zn2+ composition.
文摘Co-Cr nano-ferrites, having the chemical formula CoCrxFe2-xO4 (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.0), were synthesized by the Citrate-gel auto combustion method. Synthesized powders were sintered at 500°C for 4 hours in an air and were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. XRD analysis showed cubic spinel structure of the ferrites and the crystallite sizes (D) were found in the range of 6 - 12 nm. The values of lattice parameter (a) decreased and X-ray density (dx) increased with the increase of Cr content. Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) studies revealed nano crystalline nature of the samples. An elemental composition of the samples was studied by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The observed results can be explained on the basis of composition and crystal size.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51102073)the Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Anhui Province of China(KJ2015A232,KJ2015B1105906)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China(1308085QB35)the research fund of State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry(20110012)Anhui Province Outstanding Young Teachers Visit Abroad Training Projects(gxfxZD2016220)the Outstanding Young Talent Project in Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province
文摘Mn-Zn ferrites doped with different contents of Sm^（3＋） and Gd^（3＋） ions were prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, thermogravimetric analysis（TG）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM）. When samples were calcined in a relatively low temperature below 1100 °C, secondary phases（α-Fe_2O_3） could be identified. Therefore, in order to acquire pure and better crystallinity, the suitable calcining temperature of powders was selected at 1200 °C. It was also found that all the samples consisting of ferrite phases of typical spinel cubic structure and average crystallite sizes between 31.5 and 38.2 nm were obtained after calcining at 1200 oC for 4 h. The lattice parameters increased almost linearly with increasing Sm content. A dense microstructure was obtained after sintering at 1250 °C for 4 h. Through the analysis of magnetic properties, hysteresis loops for all the samples were narrow with low values of coercivity and retentivity, indicating the paramagnetic nature of these samples. And saturation magnetization Ms strongly depended on the type of additive to reach a maximum of 47.99 emu/g for x=0.015, which showed a great promise for hyperthermia applications.
基金the Iranian Nanotechnology Initiative for financial support
文摘Nanostructured LaFeO3 and substituted LaZnxFe1-xO3(x = 0.01,0.05,0.1,0.2,and 0.3) perovskites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method and used in the catalytic combustion of toluene.Their structures and surface properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction,Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy,BET surface area,and scanning electron microscopy.Characterization data revealed that the total insertion of zinc into LaFeO3 takes place when x ≤ 0.1.However,ZnO segregation occurs to some extent,especially at x > 0.1.The performance of these perovskites was evaluated by toluene combustion.The catalytic activity of the catalysts increased substantially with an increase in zinc substitution.These results can be attributed to the cooperative effect between LaZnxFe1-xO3 and the zinc oxide phases.The relative concentration of these phases determines their oxygen activation ability and reactivity.
文摘Recent developments and trends spinel ferrite nanomaterial synthesis are briefly of sol-gel auto-combustion method for discussed and critically analyzed. The analysis of various parameters of reaction which could be used for better understanding of synthesis process and control of microstructure and property of spinel ferrite nanopowder products was the main objective of this review article. Special attention was paid to variety of particle size and phase purity. For these purposes the correlation between complexant, oxygen balance and combustion process chemical additives, as well as heating mechanism and atmosphere, was established. These results are relevant from standpoints of both application and processing of ferrites.
基金Project supported in part by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia(FRGS/1/2021/STG05/UKM/02/5)。
文摘The polycrystalline GdCrO_(3)(GCO)perovskite orthochromite was synthesized by the sol-gel auto-combustion method.The Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction(XRD)profile of GCO confirms that the orthorhombic phase crystallizes in perovskite crystal structure with space group Pbnm.The transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction divulge the polycrystalline nature of the perovskite chromite.The field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)images reveal the microstructural polyhedral growth of grains separated by sharp grain boundaries.The chemical states of the ions present in the compound were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)studies,and the electrical pathways were identified.Complex impedance studies were carried out in the experimental frequency and temperature ranges of 40 Hz-4 MHz and 178-408 K,respectively.The equivalent circuit model(RGQG)(RGBQGB)resolves the impedance response into two contributions originating from the intra-grain and inter-granular micro-constituents of the material.The electrical conduction mechanism is based on the Mott variable range hopping model.The complex electric modulus studies demonstrate the short-and long-range mobility of the charge carriers and rule out the presence of electrode effects on the dielectric relaxation mechanism of the material.The decreasing pattern of dielectric permittivity with frequency is explained by the Maxwell-Wagner type of polarization.The frequency dependence of the loss factor exhibits the presence of thermally activated relaxation time distribution in the material.
基金Institute for Research & Medical Consultations(IRMC)of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU-Saudi Arabia) for supporting this study through the Projects application number: [2017-IRMC-S-3][2018-IRMC-S1]and[2018-IRMC-S-2]
文摘Doped strontium(Sr) hexaferrites appeared potential candidates for microwave absorber applications.Driven by this idea, we examined the influence of manganese(Mn) and yttrium(Y) co-substitution on the microstructures,morphology and magnetic properties of Sr nanohexaferrites(Sr1-xMnxFe12-yYyO19,where 0.0 ≤ x = y ≤ 0.5) synthesized via citrate sol-gel auto-combustion technique. As-prepared samples were thoroughly characterized using diverse analytical tools. X-ray diffraction pattern reveals a single Mhexagonal crystalline phase. FE-SEM, TEM, HR-TEM show a hexagonal platelet-like structure. The magnetic hysteresis loops(measured at room and low temperature) of the as-prepared nanohexaferrites exhibit ferromagnetic(FM) behavior. Magnetic parameters including the saturation magnetization,remanence, coercive and magneto-crystalline anisotropy field are found to decrease with the increase in Mn2+ and Y3+ contents. Zero-and normal-field cooled magnetization measurements in the range of 2-400 K display the complete absence of blocking temperature, confirming the characteristic ferromagnetic behavior of the proposed composition.
文摘用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶燃烧法制备了锂离子电池正极材料L iN i0.5Co0.5O2,并对材料进行了热分析、红外分析及X射线衍射分析。研究结果表明,L iN i0.5Co0.5O2干凝胶在空气中自蔓延燃烧,燃烧产物再于800℃烧结10 h,可避免因缺氧而导致杂相L i2CO3、L i2N i8O10的产生,产物晶型完整。
基金Project supported by the Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology （Grant No.0452nm049）
文摘Al-substituted barium ferrite powders were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion method according to the molecular formula BaAlxFe12-xO19 （x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0）. Compared with non-substituted barium ferrite annealing at 1000 ℃, the vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） measurement manifested that the optimum magnetic properties formation temperature of Al-substituted barium ferrite was 1 100 ℃. The data from X-ray diffractometer （XRD） showed that with increasing x, the lattice constants （a and c） decreased as well as the unit-cell volume Vcell. Magnetic measurement of non-substituted and Al-substituted powders annealed from 900 ℃ to 1 200 ℃ exhibited that the maximum magnetization M （10 kOe）, the remanent magnetization Mr and the coercivity Hc depended strongly on the chemical composition of powder as well as the annealing temperature. When annealing at 1 100 ℃, BaAl0.5Fe11.5O19 of high coercivity Hc （6584 Oe） was produced. Meanwhile, M （10 kOe） and Mr were 42.83 emu/g and 25.65 emu/g, respectively.
