视觉文化是通过可见的图像来表达、理解和解释事物的文化形态,因此,全面把握作为视觉文化最为基本表征方式的图像,无疑是视觉文化研究最为关键的环节。在考察"象"或"像"即"图像"(image)的基本语义的基础...视觉文化是通过可见的图像来表达、理解和解释事物的文化形态,因此,全面把握作为视觉文化最为基本表征方式的图像,无疑是视觉文化研究最为关键的环节。在考察"象"或"像"即"图像"(image)的基本语义的基础上,可把图像分为物象、属象、意象和道象等四种类型,并各具其精微的逻辑内涵。而遵照语词的意义即用法的方法论立场,可将其"家族谱系"分为六种相似的类型,即"图形"、"视觉"、"感知"、"精神"、"语词"和"影像"。视觉文化研究与图像学之间既相关又存在着差异关系。事实上,从艺术史学科衍生出来的视觉文化研究等同于"图像学"(science of the image),这种主要以当今影像之流为研究对象的图像学不同于潘诺夫斯基的"图像学"(iconology),虽然潘诺夫斯基的图像学研究方法成为视觉文化研究导论的起点,但它们在研究对象与方法论上显然存在着较大的差别。展开更多
In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers a...In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.展开更多
文摘视觉文化是通过可见的图像来表达、理解和解释事物的文化形态,因此,全面把握作为视觉文化最为基本表征方式的图像,无疑是视觉文化研究最为关键的环节。在考察"象"或"像"即"图像"(image)的基本语义的基础上,可把图像分为物象、属象、意象和道象等四种类型,并各具其精微的逻辑内涵。而遵照语词的意义即用法的方法论立场,可将其"家族谱系"分为六种相似的类型,即"图形"、"视觉"、"感知"、"精神"、"语词"和"影像"。视觉文化研究与图像学之间既相关又存在着差异关系。事实上,从艺术史学科衍生出来的视觉文化研究等同于"图像学"(science of the image),这种主要以当今影像之流为研究对象的图像学不同于潘诺夫斯基的"图像学"(iconology),虽然潘诺夫斯基的图像学研究方法成为视觉文化研究导论的起点,但它们在研究对象与方法论上显然存在着较大的差别。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFF0205600)the International Research Cooperation Seed Fund of Beijing University of Technology(2018A08)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport(2018-kjc-01-213)the Construction of Service Capability of Scientific and Technological Innovation-Municipal Level of Fundamental Research Funds(Scientific Research Categories)of Beijing City(PXM2019_014204_500032).
文摘In modern transportation,pavement is one of the most important civil infrastructures for the movement of vehicles and pedestrians.Pavement service quality and service life are of great importance for civil engineers as they directly affect the regular service for the users.Therefore,monitoring the health status of pavement before irreversible damage occurs is essential for timely maintenance,which in turn ensures public transportation safety.Many pavement damages can be detected and analyzed by monitoring the structure dynamic responses and evaluating road surface conditions.Advanced technologies can be employed for the collection and analysis of such data,including various intrusive sensing techniques,image processing techniques,and machine learning methods.This review summarizes the state-ofthe-art of these three technologies in pavement engineering in recent years and suggests possible developments for future pavement monitoring and analysis based on these approaches.
基金国家自然科学基金(the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.50375126)陕西省教育厅资助科研课题(the research Project of Department of Education of Shannxi Province+1 种基金China under Grant No.05JK312)咸阳师范学院专项科研基金(No.06XSYK211)
