目的:探讨脂肪间充质干细胞对化学药物治疗(以下简称化疗)药物环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导的卵巢功能损伤的影响及其作用机制。方法:从雌性SD大鼠脂肪组织中分离脂肪间充质干细胞并进行体外培养,将其分为空白对照组和CTX组,每...目的:探讨脂肪间充质干细胞对化学药物治疗(以下简称化疗)药物环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导的卵巢功能损伤的影响及其作用机制。方法:从雌性SD大鼠脂肪组织中分离脂肪间充质干细胞并进行体外培养,将其分为空白对照组和CTX组,每组15只;再选取45只正常动情周期的SD大鼠,用CTX75mg/kg腹腔注射给药1次的方式建立模型,再随机分为对照组(不再予其他处理,A组)、尾静脉注射组[尾静脉注射脂肪间充质干细胞0.6 mL(6×10^5个细胞),B组]和卵巢原位注射组[经卵巢原位注射脂肪间充质干细胞40μL(每侧20μL,2×10^4个细胞),C组],每组15只。比较A,B,C 3组大鼠用药前后生存质量、体重变化;ELISA法测定血清卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平;HE染色观察卵巢组织及卵泡计数;免疫组织化学法、real-time PCR法及蛋白质印迹法测定骨形态发生蛋白-15(bone morphogeneticprotein 15,BMP-15),Bcl-2和Bax的表达;TdT介导的脱氧尿嘧啶缺口末端标记法(TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)检测A,B,C3组大鼠卵泡细胞凋亡率。结果:尾静脉注射或卵巢原位注射脂肪间充质干细胞后,与A组比较,B组和C组大鼠生存质量提高,移植前后的体重增长值明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);与A组比较,B组大鼠血清雌二醇水平明显升高,卵泡刺激素水平明显下降(均P<0.01),C组大鼠血清雌二醇水平升高,卵泡刺激素水平明显下降(分别P<0.05,P<0.01);B组和C组大鼠卵巢组织切片HE染色见颗粒细胞层明显增多,黄体数量增多,各级卵泡计数均增加,可见多个新生卵泡及成熟的卵母细胞;与A组比较,B组大鼠的原始卵泡数、窦状和排卵前卵泡数以及总卵泡数均明显增加,窦前卵泡数也增加(分别P<0.01,P<0.05),C组大鼠的原始卵泡数、窦前卵泡数、窦状和排卵前卵泡数以及总卵泡数均明显增加(均P<0.01);与A组比较,B组和C组大鼠卵巢组织BMP-15和Bcl-2的表达明显增�展开更多
Recent results have shown that the level of gap junction coupling could modulate the induction of apoptotic reactions. We previously observed that 1H-[1,2, 4]Oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a block- er of gua...Recent results have shown that the level of gap junction coupling could modulate the induction of apoptotic reactions. We previously observed that 1H-[1,2, 4]Oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a block- er of guanylyl cyclase, inhibited gap junction coupling and thereby promoted activation of characteristic apoptotic reactions such as chromatin condensation, DNA strand breaking, and formation of blebs in GFSHR-17 granulosa cells, the in vitro model for granulosa cells of the maturing ovular follicle. In the present report, we focus on the effects of ODQ with respect to the cell cycle in GFSHR-17 granulosa cells. In synchronised GFSHR-17 granulosa cells, the double whole-cell patch-clamp technique revealed that gap junction conductance in mitotic cells was reduced in comparison to cells in interphase. This reduction of gap junction conductance correlated with a reduction of non-phosphorylated Cx43 in mitotic cells. We compared the stimulation of apoptotic reactions by ODQ between cells in mitosis and in interphase. We observed that the induction of both chromatin condensation and DNA strand breaking by ODQ was increased in mitotic cells, as compared to cells in interphase. The effects of ODQ were not observed in He-La cells that do not express connexins. The results in- dicate that reduction of gap junction coupling in mitotic GFSHR-17 granulosa cells depends on phosphor- rylation of Cx43 and raises the sensitivity to stimulation of apoptosis. We propose that gap junction coupling is involved in regulation of apoptosis of granulosa cells in maturing ovular follicle.展开更多
Background： Heat stress is known to alter follicular dynamics and granulosa cell function and may contribute to the diminished reproductive efficiency commonly observed in mammals during the summer. Although several ...Background： Heat stress is known to alter follicular dynamics and granulosa cell function and may contribute to the diminished reproductive efficiency commonly observed in mammals during the summer. Although several investigators have studied heat-induced ovarian injury, few reports have focused on the effects of chronic heat stress on ovarian function and the molecular mechanisms through which it induces ovarian injury.Methods： In Exp. 1, 48 female mice were assigned to a control or heat-stressed treatment. After exposure to a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6） or to 42 ℃ for 3 h per d for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6）, the mice were euthanized and their ovaries were analyzed for follicular atresia, granulosa cell apoptosis, changes in the abundance of HSP70 protein and serum concentrations of estradiol. In Exp. 2, the expression of HSP70 and aromatase was quantified in antral follicles cultured in vitro at 37 or 42 ℃ for 24 h. In Exp. 3, granulosa cells from ovaries maintained at 37 or 41 ℃ for 2 h were analyzed for their expression of HSP70, Bim, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3.Results： In Exp. 1, body weight and food intake of heat-stressed mice decreased（P 〈 0.05） compared with control mice while the concentration of estradiol in serum was lower（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than in control mice. Compared with control mice, the percentage of atretic follicles and the number of antral follicles with severe apoptotic signals were increased（P 〈 0.05） after 21 d of heat-stressed treatment. HSP70 protein was more abundant（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than control mice. In Exp. 2, heat stress increased HSP70 and decreased aromatase proteins（P 〈 0.05） in antral follicles. In Exp. 3, TUNEL-positive granulosa cells from heat-stressed ovaries were observed concomitant with a significant increase in HSP70, Bim and cleaved caspase-3 protein.Conclusion： Heat-stress in mice decrease estradiol in serum and aromatase in antral follicles but increas展开更多
文摘目的:探讨脂肪间充质干细胞对化学药物治疗(以下简称化疗)药物环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导的卵巢功能损伤的影响及其作用机制。方法:从雌性SD大鼠脂肪组织中分离脂肪间充质干细胞并进行体外培养,将其分为空白对照组和CTX组,每组15只;再选取45只正常动情周期的SD大鼠,用CTX75mg/kg腹腔注射给药1次的方式建立模型,再随机分为对照组(不再予其他处理,A组)、尾静脉注射组[尾静脉注射脂肪间充质干细胞0.6 mL(6×10^5个细胞),B组]和卵巢原位注射组[经卵巢原位注射脂肪间充质干细胞40μL(每侧20μL,2×10^4个细胞),C组],每组15只。比较A,B,C 3组大鼠用药前后生存质量、体重变化;ELISA法测定血清卵泡刺激素、雌二醇水平;HE染色观察卵巢组织及卵泡计数;免疫组织化学法、real-time PCR法及蛋白质印迹法测定骨形态发生蛋白-15(bone morphogeneticprotein 15,BMP-15),Bcl-2和Bax的表达;TdT介导的脱氧尿嘧啶缺口末端标记法(TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)检测A,B,C3组大鼠卵泡细胞凋亡率。结果:尾静脉注射或卵巢原位注射脂肪间充质干细胞后,与A组比较,B组和C组大鼠生存质量提高,移植前后的体重增长值明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);与A组比较,B组大鼠血清雌二醇水平明显升高,卵泡刺激素水平明显下降(均P<0.01),C组大鼠血清雌二醇水平升高,卵泡刺激素水平明显下降(分别P<0.05,P<0.01);B组和C组大鼠卵巢组织切片HE染色见颗粒细胞层明显增多,黄体数量增多,各级卵泡计数均增加,可见多个新生卵泡及成熟的卵母细胞;与A组比较,B组大鼠的原始卵泡数、窦状和排卵前卵泡数以及总卵泡数均明显增加,窦前卵泡数也增加(分别P<0.01,P<0.05),C组大鼠的原始卵泡数、窦前卵泡数、窦状和排卵前卵泡数以及总卵泡数均明显增加(均P<0.01);与A组比较,B组和C组大鼠卵巢组织BMP-15和Bcl-2的表达明显增�
文摘Recent results have shown that the level of gap junction coupling could modulate the induction of apoptotic reactions. We previously observed that 1H-[1,2, 4]Oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a block- er of guanylyl cyclase, inhibited gap junction coupling and thereby promoted activation of characteristic apoptotic reactions such as chromatin condensation, DNA strand breaking, and formation of blebs in GFSHR-17 granulosa cells, the in vitro model for granulosa cells of the maturing ovular follicle. In the present report, we focus on the effects of ODQ with respect to the cell cycle in GFSHR-17 granulosa cells. In synchronised GFSHR-17 granulosa cells, the double whole-cell patch-clamp technique revealed that gap junction conductance in mitotic cells was reduced in comparison to cells in interphase. This reduction of gap junction conductance correlated with a reduction of non-phosphorylated Cx43 in mitotic cells. We compared the stimulation of apoptotic reactions by ODQ between cells in mitosis and in interphase. We observed that the induction of both chromatin condensation and DNA strand breaking by ODQ was increased in mitotic cells, as compared to cells in interphase. The effects of ODQ were not observed in He-La cells that do not express connexins. The results in- dicate that reduction of gap junction coupling in mitotic GFSHR-17 granulosa cells depends on phosphor- rylation of Cx43 and raises the sensitivity to stimulation of apoptosis. We propose that gap junction coupling is involved in regulation of apoptosis of granulosa cells in maturing ovular follicle.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30371069)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education+1 种基金 Ministry of Education China (No. 20050733008)
基金The design of the study and collection,analysis,and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript were supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20130008130001)
文摘Background： Heat stress is known to alter follicular dynamics and granulosa cell function and may contribute to the diminished reproductive efficiency commonly observed in mammals during the summer. Although several investigators have studied heat-induced ovarian injury, few reports have focused on the effects of chronic heat stress on ovarian function and the molecular mechanisms through which it induces ovarian injury.Methods： In Exp. 1, 48 female mice were assigned to a control or heat-stressed treatment. After exposure to a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6） or to 42 ℃ for 3 h per d for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6）, the mice were euthanized and their ovaries were analyzed for follicular atresia, granulosa cell apoptosis, changes in the abundance of HSP70 protein and serum concentrations of estradiol. In Exp. 2, the expression of HSP70 and aromatase was quantified in antral follicles cultured in vitro at 37 or 42 ℃ for 24 h. In Exp. 3, granulosa cells from ovaries maintained at 37 or 41 ℃ for 2 h were analyzed for their expression of HSP70, Bim, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3.Results： In Exp. 1, body weight and food intake of heat-stressed mice decreased（P 〈 0.05） compared with control mice while the concentration of estradiol in serum was lower（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than in control mice. Compared with control mice, the percentage of atretic follicles and the number of antral follicles with severe apoptotic signals were increased（P 〈 0.05） after 21 d of heat-stressed treatment. HSP70 protein was more abundant（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than control mice. In Exp. 2, heat stress increased HSP70 and decreased aromatase proteins（P 〈 0.05） in antral follicles. In Exp. 3, TUNEL-positive granulosa cells from heat-stressed ovaries were observed concomitant with a significant increase in HSP70, Bim and cleaved caspase-3 protein.Conclusion： Heat-stress in mice decrease estradiol in serum and aromatase in antral follicles but increas
