为研究特高压线路绝缘子的自然积污状况及不同呼称高度杆塔上绝缘子的积污水平差异,在河南省郑州市境内的±800 k V哈郑直流线路的一基杆塔上,对1片悬挂在负极导线端的绝缘子和4串悬挂于不同高度处的不带电绝缘子进行了半年的自然...为研究特高压线路绝缘子的自然积污状况及不同呼称高度杆塔上绝缘子的积污水平差异,在河南省郑州市境内的±800 k V哈郑直流线路的一基杆塔上,对1片悬挂在负极导线端的绝缘子和4串悬挂于不同高度处的不带电绝缘子进行了半年的自然积污试验。试验结果表明:带电绝缘子表面污秽中的阳离子主要为2aC+和4NH+,阴离子主要为24SO-和3NO-;不可溶成分中2Si O约占80%,也含有少量2 3Al O、2 3Fe O等。工厂烟尘、汽车尾气中的2SO和氮氧化物是绝缘子污秽中24SO-和3NO-的重要来源。利用富集因子法计算得出了污秽中各金属元素的富集程度,发现Ca、Zn、Fe、Mg和Al等元素均受到不同程度的人为污染,其中Ca和Zn元素达到了严重污染的程度。化工厂废液中的2nZ+会通过污染周边土壤间接地影响绝缘子积污。绝缘子表面污秽颗粒粒度集中在10μm左右。同一地区,绝缘子表面自然积污程度随着悬挂高度的增加而逐渐降低。展开更多
: Concentrations and ratios of nutrients in Jiaozhou Bay, China, have changed much in the past decades, with trends indicating an increase in nitrogen and a decrease in silicate. Statistical analysis has shown that th...: Concentrations and ratios of nutrients in Jiaozhou Bay, China, have changed much in the past decades, with trends indicating an increase in nitrogen and a decrease in silicate. Statistical analysis has shown that the long-term variations of nutrients are associated with agricultural activities, precipitation, and anthropogenic factors. Stoichiometric calculations indicate that the nutrient structure has become more and more unbalanced. There has been almost no possibility for nitrogen limitation since the 1980s, the probability of P limitation has increased, and the probability of Si limitation has also increased markedly from the 1980s to the 1990s. As a consequence of changes in nutrient structure, a decrease in the abundance of net phytoplankton was evident, whereas total chlorophyll a, levels have remained roughly unchanged at around 3.55 g/L. Thus, it is likely that smaller species have taken the niche vacated by the larger species. Changes in phytoplankton size and species composition may ultimately lead to various functional and structural changes at the system level.展开更多
文摘: Concentrations and ratios of nutrients in Jiaozhou Bay, China, have changed much in the past decades, with trends indicating an increase in nitrogen and a decrease in silicate. Statistical analysis has shown that the long-term variations of nutrients are associated with agricultural activities, precipitation, and anthropogenic factors. Stoichiometric calculations indicate that the nutrient structure has become more and more unbalanced. There has been almost no possibility for nitrogen limitation since the 1980s, the probability of P limitation has increased, and the probability of Si limitation has also increased markedly from the 1980s to the 1990s. As a consequence of changes in nutrient structure, a decrease in the abundance of net phytoplankton was evident, whereas total chlorophyll a, levels have remained roughly unchanged at around 3.55 g/L. Thus, it is likely that smaller species have taken the niche vacated by the larger species. Changes in phytoplankton size and species composition may ultimately lead to various functional and structural changes at the system level.
