Objective: A traditional Chinese medicine Tian Gui Recipe (TGR) has been used to effectively treat clomiphene resistant anovulatory disease and obesity, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cases with hyperi...Objective: A traditional Chinese medicine Tian Gui Recipe (TGR) has been used to effectively treat clomiphene resistant anovulatory disease and obesity, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cases with hyperinsulinemia. The effect of TGR on obesity and anovulation was investigated in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR). Methods: Female SD rats at the age of 9 days were divided into 3 groups. Group ASR (n=15): anovulation was demonstrated at the age of 70 days by vaginal smear in rats while 1. 25 mg of testosterone propionate was injected subcutaneously on its 9th neonatal day. Group A+H (n = 25): TGR were administered to ASR at the age of 80 days for 3 weeks. Rats with regular estrous cycle and ovulation after herbal treatment were included in this group. Group C (n = 15): normal ovulated rats were recruited. Around the age of 112 days or on proestrous day, all rats were sacrificed under anesthesia. Serum leptin, testosterone (T), estrogen (E2), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Double immunofluorescent staining combined with confocal laser scanning microscope and dual in situ hybridization were carried out on sections through areas of arcuate nucleus (ARC) to determine whether estrogen receptor (ER) immunoreactivity (IR) or long form of leptin receptor (OB-Rb) mRNA were expressed in neuropeptide Y (NPY) immuno-and mRNA-containing neurons, and its relationship to proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA-containing neurons. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to observe the levels of ER, NPY, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) and gene expression levels on NPY, OB-Rb, POMC. Meanwhile, the criteria of energy state, including daily food intake, retroperitoneal fat depot pad and body weight, were measured and evaluated. Values of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were expressed in mean optic density (MOD). Results: Seventeen out of the 25 rats (68%) in Group A+H were ovulated after herbal treatment. ASR cha展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of Tiangui Recipe (TGR) on obesity and reproductive function in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate t...Objective: To explore the effect of Tiangui Recipe (TGR) on obesity and reproductive function in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate to SD female rats at the age of 9 days. Change of serum leptin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in model rats aged 115 days before and a fter feeding them with TGR was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Meanwhile, criter ia of energy state, including diurnal food intake, retroperitoneal fat depot weight and body weight, were measured and evaluated.Results: ASR had the characteristics of high metabolic rate, energy imbalance and obesity. Serum level of leptin increased and FSH, LH decreased significantly (P<0.01) in model rats as compared with the normal rats. Significant positive correlation between leptin level and body weight (r=0.8977, P<0.001) was observed, and negative correlation was seen between FSH, LH and leptin (r=-0.7517, P<0.001; r=-0.8444, P<0.001, respectively). The endocrine changes of ASR all returned to normal range after the TGR treatment.Conclusion: Obesity and concerned hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal anovulation were expressed in ASR. TGR may play an important role in reducing weight and inducing ovulation.展开更多
Objective To investigate the androgen receptor （AR） mRNA expression in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary of androgen sterilized rats （ASR）.Methods ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone...Objective To investigate the androgen receptor （AR） mRNA expression in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary of androgen sterilized rats （ASR）.Methods ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate to SD female rats at the age of 9 days. Around the age of 106 days （proestrus）, all rats were killed, serum Δ4-andronestedione （Δ 4-A）, total testosterone （TT）, free testosterone （FT）, insulin （Ins） and C-peptide （C-P） were measured by radioimmunoassay （RIA）. Total RNA in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary were extracted and the amount of AR mRNA was quantitatedly analyzed by RT-PCR with single base mutant template as inner standard. Results Serum concentrations of Δ4-A, TT, FT, Ins and C-P in ASR model rats were significantly higher than those in control group （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The expression of AR mRNA in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary increased significantly （P〈0. 05, P〈0.01） of model rats as compared with control group. Conclusion The elevated serum androgen levels in ASR model could enhance the expression of AR mRNA levels in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary, which further induce hyperinsulinemia and anovulation.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of tonifying Kidney herbs (TKH) on pituitary gland, ovary, and adrenal gland of androgen sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by injecting testosterone propionate s...Objective: To observe the effect of tonifying Kidney herbs (TKH) on pituitary gland, ovary, and adrenal gland of androgen sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by injecting testosterone propionate subcutaneously to Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats of 9 days age. Morphological and endocrinological change of pituitary gland, ovary and adrenal gland in rats of 100–107 days old before and after feeding TKH extract were observed by light and electron microscope, cell cultures, immunohistochemical studies, and radioimmunoassay.Results: In the ASR groups, there were intracytoplasmic lipid drops, crinophagy, vacuole, and autophagy in pituitary gland, anovulation in ovary, and hyperplasia of reticular zone in adrenal gland. At the same time, serum follicular stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone decreased (P < 0.05-0.005) and serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone levels increased significantly (P < 0.01-0.001). These morphologiacl and endocrinological changes were all returned to normal range after the TKH treatment.展开更多
文摘Objective: A traditional Chinese medicine Tian Gui Recipe (TGR) has been used to effectively treat clomiphene resistant anovulatory disease and obesity, especially in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) cases with hyperinsulinemia. The effect of TGR on obesity and anovulation was investigated in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR). Methods: Female SD rats at the age of 9 days were divided into 3 groups. Group ASR (n=15): anovulation was demonstrated at the age of 70 days by vaginal smear in rats while 1. 25 mg of testosterone propionate was injected subcutaneously on its 9th neonatal day. Group A+H (n = 25): TGR were administered to ASR at the age of 80 days for 3 weeks. Rats with regular estrous cycle and ovulation after herbal treatment were included in this group. Group C (n = 15): normal ovulated rats were recruited. Around the age of 112 days or on proestrous day, all rats were sacrificed under anesthesia. Serum leptin, testosterone (T), estrogen (E2), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Double immunofluorescent staining combined with confocal laser scanning microscope and dual in situ hybridization were carried out on sections through areas of arcuate nucleus (ARC) to determine whether estrogen receptor (ER) immunoreactivity (IR) or long form of leptin receptor (OB-Rb) mRNA were expressed in neuropeptide Y (NPY) immuno-and mRNA-containing neurons, and its relationship to proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA-containing neurons. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to observe the levels of ER, NPY, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) and gene expression levels on NPY, OB-Rb, POMC. Meanwhile, the criteria of energy state, including daily food intake, retroperitoneal fat depot pad and body weight, were measured and evaluated. Values of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were expressed in mean optic density (MOD). Results: Seventeen out of the 25 rats (68%) in Group A+H were ovulated after herbal treatment. ASR cha
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Tiangui Recipe (TGR) on obesity and reproductive function in androgen-sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate to SD female rats at the age of 9 days. Change of serum leptin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in model rats aged 115 days before and a fter feeding them with TGR was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Meanwhile, criter ia of energy state, including diurnal food intake, retroperitoneal fat depot weight and body weight, were measured and evaluated.Results: ASR had the characteristics of high metabolic rate, energy imbalance and obesity. Serum level of leptin increased and FSH, LH decreased significantly (P<0.01) in model rats as compared with the normal rats. Significant positive correlation between leptin level and body weight (r=0.8977, P<0.001) was observed, and negative correlation was seen between FSH, LH and leptin (r=-0.7517, P<0.001; r=-0.8444, P<0.001, respectively). The endocrine changes of ASR all returned to normal range after the TGR treatment.Conclusion: Obesity and concerned hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal anovulation were expressed in ASR. TGR may play an important role in reducing weight and inducing ovulation.
文摘Objective To investigate the androgen receptor （AR） mRNA expression in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary of androgen sterilized rats （ASR）.Methods ASR model was established by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate to SD female rats at the age of 9 days. Around the age of 106 days （proestrus）, all rats were killed, serum Δ4-andronestedione （Δ 4-A）, total testosterone （TT）, free testosterone （FT）, insulin （Ins） and C-peptide （C-P） were measured by radioimmunoassay （RIA）. Total RNA in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary were extracted and the amount of AR mRNA was quantitatedly analyzed by RT-PCR with single base mutant template as inner standard. Results Serum concentrations of Δ4-A, TT, FT, Ins and C-P in ASR model rats were significantly higher than those in control group （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The expression of AR mRNA in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary increased significantly （P〈0. 05, P〈0.01） of model rats as compared with control group. Conclusion The elevated serum androgen levels in ASR model could enhance the expression of AR mRNA levels in pancreas, hypothalamus and ovary, which further induce hyperinsulinemia and anovulation.
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of tonifying Kidney herbs (TKH) on pituitary gland, ovary, and adrenal gland of androgen sterilized rats (ASR).Methods: ASR model was established by injecting testosterone propionate subcutaneously to Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats of 9 days age. Morphological and endocrinological change of pituitary gland, ovary and adrenal gland in rats of 100–107 days old before and after feeding TKH extract were observed by light and electron microscope, cell cultures, immunohistochemical studies, and radioimmunoassay.Results: In the ASR groups, there were intracytoplasmic lipid drops, crinophagy, vacuole, and autophagy in pituitary gland, anovulation in ovary, and hyperplasia of reticular zone in adrenal gland. At the same time, serum follicular stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone decreased (P < 0.05-0.005) and serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone levels increased significantly (P < 0.01-0.001). These morphologiacl and endocrinological changes were all returned to normal range after the TKH treatment.
