Propagated sensation along meridians （PSM） is a phenomenon that a sensation moves along meridians during stimulation of an acupoint. PSM has an appearance rate of 1.3% among people and have characteristics of low sp...Propagated sensation along meridians （PSM） is a phenomenon that a sensation moves along meridians during stimulation of an acupoint. PSM has an appearance rate of 1.3% among people and have characteristics of low speed, going toward afflicted sites and being blocked by physical pressure which is difficult to be explained by known neural and blood transmission. Volume transmission （VT） is a widespread mode of intercellular communication in the central nervous system that occurs in the extracellular fluid and in the cerebrospinal fluid. VT signals moves from source to target cells via energy gradients leading to diffusion and convection （flow） which is slow, long distance and much less space filling. VT channel diffuse forming a plexus in the extracellular space with two parameters of volume fraction and tortuosity. Some experiments showed an information transmission between adjacent and distant acupoints along meridians cross spinal segments. This process is a cross-excitation between peripheral nerve terminals which is related to nonsynaptic transmission. Some neurotransmitters or neuropeptides such as glutamate, adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and neuropeptide such as substance P, neurokinin A and calcitonin gene-related peptide relate with the cross-excitation which can be regards as VT signals. Comparing the characteristics of PSM and VT, many similar aspects can be found leading to an assumption that PSM is a process of VT in peripheral tissue along meridians. The reason why VT signals transmit along meridians is that the meridian is rich in interstitial fluid under the condition of low hydraulic resistance which has been proven experimentally. According to Darcy＇s law which descript the flow of interstitial fluid and conservation equation, interstitial fluid will move toward meridians and flow along meridians that restrict the VT signals within the channel and accelerate the flow according to Fick＇s diffusion law. During the process, a degranulation of histamine from mast cells happens on th展开更多
Objective The lateral extrusion eastward of the Tibetan Plateau leads to the formation of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, which is the most representative active block in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, cha...Objective The lateral extrusion eastward of the Tibetan Plateau leads to the formation of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, which is the most representative active block in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, characterized by strong and frequent seismicity(Li Ping et al., 1975; Zhang Peizhen et al., 2003; Li Yong et al., 2017). Its eastern boundary is composed of sinistral faults including the Xianshuihe, Xiaojiang faults, etc., and the western展开更多
Mechanical model of anchorage surrounding rock considering tray effect was established based on elastic theory,in order to study the mechanism of bolt supporting.Elastic solutions of normal force at point in the inter...Mechanical model of anchorage surrounding rock considering tray effect was established based on elastic theory,in order to study the mechanism of bolt supporting.Elastic solutions of normal force at point in the interior of a semi-infnite solid were obtained by means of classical displacement function method in elasticity.The factors which influence stress of bolted surrounding rock,such as the length of bolt and tray effect,were analyzed.The absolute value of stress along bolt axes decreased rapidly with an increase in radical distance and the maximum appeared near ends of bolt.With increasing radical distance,the value of radical stress changed from positive to negative roughly and then increased to zero,with maximum at the middle of bolt.The evolution of hoop stress as radical distance increasing was similar with stress along bolt axes.With an increase in depth,the radical effect ranges of all normal stress components were reduced.These suggest that the effect from tray on stress along bolt axes of bolted surrounding rock could be neglected,except near surface of surrounding rock.展开更多
To determine the filling body's width along the gob-side remained roadway which is underneath the gob,the authors analyzed the interaction mechanism between the roof and the supporting body along the remained road...To determine the filling body's width along the gob-side remained roadway which is underneath the gob,the authors analyzed the interaction mechanism between the roof and the supporting body along the remained roadway, based on the elastic thin plate theory of the stope roof. The stress state and mechanical response of the filling body along the remained roadway were studied. Specifically, firstly, the supporting pressure of the coal pillar which is on one side of the gob-side remained roadway was deduced.Also, an equation that is used to calculate the width of the balance area in the stress limit state was acquired. Then, an equation that is used to calculate the roof cutting force on one side of the supporting body was obtained. By using FLAC3D, the authors investigated the displacement field and stress field response laws of rock masses around the roadway with different filling body's widths. The results show that with the filling body's width increasing, the supporting ability of the filling body increases.Meanwhile, the rock mass displacement around the roadway and the filling body deformation decrease.The better the filling body's supporting effect is, the higher the roof cutting force will be. When the filling body's width is larger than 3.0 m, its internal bearing ability becomes stable and the filling body's deformation became non-apparent. Finally, analysis shows that the filling body's width should be 2.5 m.Furthermore, the authors conducted field tests in the supply roadway 1204, using high-water materials and acquired expected outcomes.展开更多
The Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world and the longest and largest river in China.China has adopted a national strategy to protect the Yangtze River.A better understanding of the ecosystem services ...The Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world and the longest and largest river in China.China has adopted a national strategy to protect the Yangtze River.A better understanding of the ecosystem services value along the Yangtze River would provide support for the Yangtze River protection strategy.Using Costanza’s method to estimate the ecosystem services value,the value of 10 ecosystem services was estimated within 1 km and 2 km from the Yangtze River in 2017.These 10 services were derived from the four established groupings of provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services.This study compared and analyzed the changes in the ecosystem services value in the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the river,and in provinces,cities,and villages along the Yangtze River.The total ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river was 37.208 and 43.769 billion yuan,respectively.Within 1 km,the ecosystem services value in the middle reaches was 12.93 billion yuan,while the next highest value was in the upper reaches at 12.45 billion yuan,and the downstream area had the smallest value of 11.855 billion yuan.Within 2 km,the value of upstream ecosystem services was the highest at 16.31 billion yuan,while the second highest value was in the middle reaches at 14.376 billion yuan,and the smallest value was in the downstream area at 13.083 billion yuan.In the Yangtze River Basin,regulating services played a leading role,accounting for 81.6%and 78.9%of the ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river,respectively.Among the 10 ecosystem services,hydrological regulation was the most important,while the value of raw material production made the smallest contribution.Among the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River,the highest ecosystem services value was in Hubei Province,while the lowest values were in Shanghai and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.If villages within 1 km and 2 km from the river were to be relocated,the total regional ecological value would increase by 527 and 975 millio展开更多
Abstract On the basis of analyzing floor strata mechanical circumstance of the roadway, the mechanical model was established. The relative displacement of roadway floor, narrow pillar floor coal mass and floor strata ...Abstract On the basis of analyzing floor strata mechanical circumstance of the roadway, the mechanical model was established. The relative displacement of roadway floor, narrow pillar floor coal mass and floor strata was calculated, the results showed that the high abutment pressure on coal mass beside the roadway was the main reason to lead to relative displacement of floor strata. And the roadway floor heave come mainly from three aspects. Firstly, the roadway floor strata is easily fractured by the stretch stress. Secondly, because the high abutment pressure is greater than the uniaxial compressive strength of floor strata, when the roadway floor strata are fractured, the coal mass floor strata at the same depth will be fractured, and broken rock will fluid into the open roadway. Thirdly, comparing with the coal mass floor, the roadway floor is relative ascending.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture along fascia,meridians,and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided nerve blockage in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.METHODS:A total of 61 outpatients w...OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture along fascia,meridians,and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided nerve blockage in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.METHODS:A total of 61 outpatients with post-chest and back herpes zoster neuralgia were recruited in the Department of Pain at the Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from May 2019 to June 2021.They were randomly divided into two groups.Thirty-one patients in the control group were treated with ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block(PVB)alone,one patient declined to continue during treatment(n=30),and thirty patients in the observation group received the acupuncture along the fascia,meridians,and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided PVB treatment(n=30).Both control and observation group received treatment weekly for 4 weeks.The medical history data such as age,sex,presence or absence of comorbidities and disease course were analyzed.The visual analog scale(VAS)score was used to assess the pain degree of two groups at T0(before treatment),T1(1-time treatment ended),T2(2 times treatment ended),T3(3 times treatment ended),and T4(4 times treatment ended).The sleep state was examined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after the study.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in general conditions between the control group and the observation group(P>0.05).The VAS score in both control and observation group was decreased in a time-dependent manner after 1-4 weeks of treatment.There were no significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups after 1 or 2 weeks of treatment(P>0.05).After 3 and 4 weeks of treatment,the VAS score was significantly decreased in the observation group compared with that in the control group(P<0.001).In addition,the reduction in VAS score(after treatment-before treatment)between the two groups was statistically significant[D value:-1.53,95%CI(-2.32,0.74),P<0.001].Furthermore,the sleep state of patients in both groups markedly improved and much obvious 展开更多
Propagated sensation along the meridian can occur when acupoints are stimulated by acupuncture or electrical impulses. In this study, participants with notable propagated sensation along the me- ridian were given elec...Propagated sensation along the meridian can occur when acupoints are stimulated by acupuncture or electrical impulses. In this study, participants with notable propagated sensation along the me- ridian were given electro-acupuncture at the Jianyu （LI15） acupoint of the large intestine meridian. When participants stated that the sensation reached the back of their hand, reguJar nervous system action discharge was examined using a physiological recording electrode placed on the superficial branch of the radial nerve. The topographical maps of brain-evoked potential in the primary cortical somatosensory area were also detected. When Guangming （GB37） acupoint in the lower limb and Hegu （LI4） acupoint in the upper limb were stimulated, subjects without propagated sensation along the meridian exhibited a high potential reaction in the corresponding area of the brain cortical somatosensory area. For subjects with a notable propagated sensation along the meridian, the re- action area was larger and extended into the face representative area. These electrophysiological measures directly prove the existence of propagated sensation along the meridian, and the periph- eral stimulated site is consistent with the corresponding primary cortical somatosensory area, which presents a high potential reaction.展开更多
For studying the strata behavior due to multi-slicing top coal caving longwall mining along-the-strike direction in steeply dipping extra thick coal seams,the shield support pressures of the upper and lower slices of ...For studying the strata behavior due to multi-slicing top coal caving longwall mining along-the-strike direction in steeply dipping extra thick coal seams,the shield support pressures of the upper and lower slices of panel 37220 in Dongxia Coal Mine were monitored using the KJ513 dynamic monitoring system.The set up rooms adopted the "horizontal line-arc segment-inclined line" form and used different types of shield supports.The results show that the strata pressure of upper slice panel 37220-1 changed slightly along the strike direction,while along the dip direction it exhibited strong to weak pressure from bottom to top.The first weighting interval of lower slice panel 37220-2 was about 60.8 m,and the average periodic weighting interval were about 22.6 m.The strata behavior of panel 37220-2 exhibited a spatiotemporal characteristic in that periodic weighting occurred first in the middle-upper part,followed by the middle and upper parts,arc segment,and finally the lower part.During the periodic weighting,the weighting interval and intensity also exhibited strong space characteristics.The average dynamic load coefficient was 1.48 and the maximum lateral load of the side shield was 20-25 MPa.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic s...BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic system and its clinical correlates in patients with different glucose metabolism states,the present study employed diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)index.METHODS Sample size was calculated using the pwr package in R software.This crosssectional study enrolled 22 patients with normal glucose metabolism(NGM),20 patients with prediabetes,and 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).A 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the function of the glymphatic system.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess general cognitive function.The DTI-ALPS index of bilateral basal ganglia and the mean DTI-ALPS index was calculated.Further,the correlation between DTI-ALPS and clinical features was assessed.RESULTS The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than that in the NGM group.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the prediabetes group.DTI-ALPS index lateralization was not observed.The MMSE score in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the NGM and prediabetes group.After controlling for sex,the left-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the prediabetes group were positively correlated with 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level;the left-side DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein level.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index were negatively correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin level and waist-to-hip ratio in the prediabetes group.The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were positively correlated with height.The left-side and mean DTIALPS index in the T2DM group were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein levels.展开更多
Let R be a unitary ring and a,b∈R with ab=0.We find the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility:if any two of a,b and a+b are Drazin invertible,then so is the third one.Then,we combine the 2/3 property of Drazin inverti...Let R be a unitary ring and a,b∈R with ab=0.We find the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility:if any two of a,b and a+b are Drazin invertible,then so is the third one.Then,we combine the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility to characterize the existence of generalized inverses by means of units.As applications,the need for two invertible morphisms used by You and Chen to characterize the group invertibility of a sum of morphisms is reduced to that for one invertible morphism,and the existence and expression of the inverse along a product of two regular elements are obtained,which generalizes the main result of Mary and Patricio(2016)about the group inverse of a product.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy difference between sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture and non-sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture in the treatment of chronic nonbact...Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy difference between sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture and non-sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis.Methods:A randomized,controlled,and single-blind clinical study was performed to collect 63 patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis who met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to a transmission sensation group(31 patients)and a non-transmission sensation group(32 patients).The two groups of patients took the same acupuncture points.When they were lying down on their backs,Guānyuán(关元 CV4),Zhōngjí(中极 CV3)and Dàhè(大赫 K112)were taken.When they were lying down on their stomachs,Shènshū(肾俞 BL 23),Cìliáo(次髎 BL32)and Huìyáng(会阳 BL35)were taken.Among them,the transmission sensation group was treated with transmission sensation along meridian to apply deep needling to the lower abdomen and lumbosacral acupuncture points with lifting,thrusting,and twirling method,so that the needling sensation was transmitted to the bladder,perineum and urethra.The non-transmission sensation group was treated with non-transmission sensation along meridian,and the acupuncture points were treated with conventional acupuncture until the patient felt soreness and distending etc.and the arrival of qi.Both groups of patients were treated with electro-acupuncture during acupuncture,and the sparse-dense wave(sparse wave 4 Hz,dense wave 20 Hz),and the needle retention continued for 20 min.All patients were treated for 3 times with once every other day,and the treatment lasted for one week.The CV4,CV3 and KI12 were used in the first and third treatments,and the BL23,BL32 and BL35 were used in the second treatment.The National Institute of Health chronic prostatitis syndrome index(NIH-CPSI)and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)were observed,and the clinical efficacies of the patient were observed.Results:After treatment,the NIH-CPSI scores(18.29±1.25,21.56±1.28展开更多
Objective To compare differences in therapeutic effects between acupuncture accelerating qi-flow along meridians （AQF） and conventional acupuncture （CA） in treating periarthritis of shoulder to find better acupunc...Objective To compare differences in therapeutic effects between acupuncture accelerating qi-flow along meridians （AQF） and conventional acupuncture （CA） in treating periarthritis of shoulder to find better acupuncture methods. Methods Sixty-four patients were randomly divided into two groups： group AQF, and group CA with 32 cases in each group. Jiānyú （肩髃 LI 15）, Jiānliáo （肩髎 TE 14）, Jiānzhēn （肩贞 SI 9）, Bìnào （臂臑 LI 14）, Qūchí （曲池 LI 11） and Wàiguān （外关 TE 5） on the affected side were used in both groups, and the two acupuncture methods were respectively used in the two groups for consecutive 2 courses. Pain and moving functions of shoulder and ability in daily life （ADL） were used as indices for evaluating therapeutic effects. Results The total effective rate was 96.9% （31/32） and 81.3% （26/32） in group AQF and group CA, respectively, showing superiority of AQF to CA （P〈0.05）. Scores reflecting pain and moving functions of shoulder and ADL were all improved after treatment in both groups （all P〈0.05）, and the improvement in group AQF was more obvious than those in group CA （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion In treating periarthritis of shoulder, the acupuncture accelerating qi-flow along meridians was better than conventional acupuncture in alleviating pain of the shoulder, improving its moving function and elevating abilities in daily life.展开更多
As one of the longest strike-slip fault in Asia,the Altyn Tagh Fault（ATF）defines the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau and plays a significant role inaccommodating the deformation resulting from the IndiaAsia...As one of the longest strike-slip fault in Asia,the Altyn Tagh Fault（ATF）defines the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau and plays a significant role inaccommodating the deformation resulting from the IndiaAsia convergence.展开更多
(HSCT),which has been acknowledged as a curative procedure,relapse of leukemia remains the leading cause of death following transplantation and is a disappointment to transplant physicians.Leukemic relapse occurs due ...(HSCT),which has been acknowledged as a curative procedure,relapse of leukemia remains the leading cause of death following transplantation and is a disappointment to transplant physicians.Leukemic relapse occurs due to leukemia cell escape from immune-mediated killing (immune escape) by pre-transplantation conditioning and post-transplantation immune control.Immune exhaustion of donor T cells is one of the common causes of relapse,and donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) have the potential to reverse this immune exhaustion.Patients who are deemed eligible for intensive treatment at this point are offered either DLI or a second transplant.Contrary to the contemporary understanding,DLI results in the same response and survival obtained via a second transplant but with less toxicity (Kharfan- Dabaja et al.,2018).Starting in the mid-1990s,our group along with few others demonstrated the efficacy of DLI,which was initially confirmed by the Hadassah group in Jerusalem in the late 1980s.In the first four patients (with both acute and chronic leukemias) treated by us with DLI,the initial success rate was 100%,which encouraged us to pursue this treatment further.展开更多
The meridian phenomena are closely associated with the neuro-muscular function. Our experiments show that meridian phenomenon, acupoint stimulation-induced generating-sensations along meridians(GSM), does exist in som...The meridian phenomena are closely associated with the neuro-muscular function. Our experiments show that meridian phenomenon, acupoint stimulation-induced generating-sensations along meridians(GSM), does exist in some volunteers, and the subjects can describe the characteristics of the feelings and the route of GSM. Simultaneously, GSM is often accompanied with progressive myoelectric activity along the meridian which is able to be recorded objectively. Brachial plexus anesthesia and regional neuro-muscular block may arrest these responses while the neuro-muscular blocking agent may stop neuromuscular transmission at the motor end-plate rather than check GSM. The facts reveal that GSM probably depends on muscular activity and is involved in the secondary neuro-muscular excitation propagating along the longitudinal axis of muscles. These findings suggest that the myoelectric activities constitute the foundation of secondarily generating-sensation propagating along the longitudinal orientation of limbs(muscles), or along the meridian.展开更多
It can be seen from the calculation that the vulnerable area along China's coast in which the elevation is less than 5 m, is 143 900 km2, accounting for about 11. 3% of the total area of the 11 coastal provinces, ...It can be seen from the calculation that the vulnerable area along China's coast in which the elevation is less than 5 m, is 143 900 km2, accounting for about 11. 3% of the total area of the 11 coastal provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. These areas are threatened to varying extent by sea level rise. According to prediction, the relative sea level rise (including global sea level rise caused by climate change and local relative as level rise caused by vertical crust movement and ground subsidence) along China's coast will be 4～16 cm by the year 2030 with the optimum estimated value of 6～14cm. It will be 9～26 cm by the year 2050 with the optimum estimated value of 12-23 cm. And it will be 31-74 cm by the year 2100 with the optimum estimated value of 47～65 cm. The calcuation result shows that the percentage of the cost for up-grading (heightening and consolidating) sea dykes/walls in adaptation strategy in the losses of submerged areas varies from area to area: 6. 9% in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Deta, 1. 3% ～24. 6% in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, and 0. 9%～2. 0% in the Huanghe River Delta.展开更多
In this paper, the asymptotical behaviour solutions of a class of nonlinear control systems are studied. By establishing infinite integrals along solutions of the system and drawing support from a LaSalle's invari...In this paper, the asymptotical behaviour solutions of a class of nonlinear control systems are studied. By establishing infinite integrals along solutions of the system and drawing support from a LaSalle's invariance principle of integral form, criteria of dichotomy and global asymptotical behaviour of solutions are obtained. This work is an improvement and further extension of research methods and results of A. S. Aisagaliev.展开更多
In this paper, a novel algorithm for aerosol optical depth（AOD） retrieval with a 1 km spatial resolution over land is presented using the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer （AATSR） dual-view capability at 0....In this paper, a novel algorithm for aerosol optical depth（AOD） retrieval with a 1 km spatial resolution over land is presented using the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer （AATSR） dual-view capability at 0.55, 0.66 and 0.87μm, in combination with the Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function （BRDF） model, a product of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS）. The BRDF characteristics of the land surface, i.e. prior input parameters for this algorithm, are computed by extracting the geometrical information from AATSR and reducing the kernels from the MODIS BRDF/Albedo Model Parameters Product. Finally, AOD, with a i km resolution at 0.55, 0.66 and 0.87 μm for the forward and nadir views of AATSR, can be simultaneously obtained. Extensive validations of AOD derived from AATSR during the period from August 2005 to July 2006 in Beijing and its surrounding area, against in-situ AErosol RObotic NETwork （AERONET） measurements, were performed. The AOD difference between the retrievals from the forward and nadir views of AATSR was less than 5.72%, 1.9% and 13.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the AATSR retrievals using the synergic algorithm developed in this paper are more favorable than those by assuming a Lambert surface, for the coefficient of determination between AATSR derived AOD and AERONET mearured AOD, decreased by 15.5% and 18.5%, compared to those derived by the synergic algorithm. This further suggests that the synergic algorithm can be potentially used in climate change and air quality monitoring.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Basic Research Program(973 No. 2010CB530507)National Nature Science Foundation(No. 81173206)
文摘Propagated sensation along meridians （PSM） is a phenomenon that a sensation moves along meridians during stimulation of an acupoint. PSM has an appearance rate of 1.3% among people and have characteristics of low speed, going toward afflicted sites and being blocked by physical pressure which is difficult to be explained by known neural and blood transmission. Volume transmission （VT） is a widespread mode of intercellular communication in the central nervous system that occurs in the extracellular fluid and in the cerebrospinal fluid. VT signals moves from source to target cells via energy gradients leading to diffusion and convection （flow） which is slow, long distance and much less space filling. VT channel diffuse forming a plexus in the extracellular space with two parameters of volume fraction and tortuosity. Some experiments showed an information transmission between adjacent and distant acupoints along meridians cross spinal segments. This process is a cross-excitation between peripheral nerve terminals which is related to nonsynaptic transmission. Some neurotransmitters or neuropeptides such as glutamate, adenosine triphosphate （ATP） and neuropeptide such as substance P, neurokinin A and calcitonin gene-related peptide relate with the cross-excitation which can be regards as VT signals. Comparing the characteristics of PSM and VT, many similar aspects can be found leading to an assumption that PSM is a process of VT in peripheral tissue along meridians. The reason why VT signals transmit along meridians is that the meridian is rich in interstitial fluid under the condition of low hydraulic resistance which has been proven experimentally. According to Darcy＇s law which descript the flow of interstitial fluid and conservation equation, interstitial fluid will move toward meridians and flow along meridians that restrict the VT signals within the channel and accelerate the flow according to Fick＇s diffusion law. During the process, a degranulation of histamine from mast cells happens on th
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (grant No. 41472204)
文摘Objective The lateral extrusion eastward of the Tibetan Plateau leads to the formation of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, which is the most representative active block in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, characterized by strong and frequent seismicity(Li Ping et al., 1975; Zhang Peizhen et al., 2003; Li Yong et al., 2017). Its eastern boundary is composed of sinistral faults including the Xianshuihe, Xiaojiang faults, etc., and the western
基金supported by the Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51227003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51074166)the Universities Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province(No.11kjd13002)
文摘Mechanical model of anchorage surrounding rock considering tray effect was established based on elastic theory,in order to study the mechanism of bolt supporting.Elastic solutions of normal force at point in the interior of a semi-infnite solid were obtained by means of classical displacement function method in elasticity.The factors which influence stress of bolted surrounding rock,such as the length of bolt and tray effect,were analyzed.The absolute value of stress along bolt axes decreased rapidly with an increase in radical distance and the maximum appeared near ends of bolt.With increasing radical distance,the value of radical stress changed from positive to negative roughly and then increased to zero,with maximum at the middle of bolt.The evolution of hoop stress as radical distance increasing was similar with stress along bolt axes.With an increase in depth,the radical effect ranges of all normal stress components were reduced.These suggest that the effect from tray on stress along bolt axes of bolted surrounding rock could be neglected,except near surface of surrounding rock.
基金supported by the Sub-Project of National Key Basic Research and Development Program (No. 2015CB251600)funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2014XT01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51574227)
文摘To determine the filling body's width along the gob-side remained roadway which is underneath the gob,the authors analyzed the interaction mechanism between the roof and the supporting body along the remained roadway, based on the elastic thin plate theory of the stope roof. The stress state and mechanical response of the filling body along the remained roadway were studied. Specifically, firstly, the supporting pressure of the coal pillar which is on one side of the gob-side remained roadway was deduced.Also, an equation that is used to calculate the width of the balance area in the stress limit state was acquired. Then, an equation that is used to calculate the roof cutting force on one side of the supporting body was obtained. By using FLAC3D, the authors investigated the displacement field and stress field response laws of rock masses around the roadway with different filling body's widths. The results show that with the filling body's width increasing, the supporting ability of the filling body increases.Meanwhile, the rock mass displacement around the roadway and the filling body deformation decrease.The better the filling body's supporting effect is, the higher the roof cutting force will be. When the filling body's width is larger than 3.0 m, its internal bearing ability becomes stable and the filling body's deformation became non-apparent. Finally, analysis shows that the filling body's width should be 2.5 m.Furthermore, the authors conducted field tests in the supply roadway 1204, using high-water materials and acquired expected outcomes.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2018YFC 1506500,National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.71974070,No.41501593,No.41971402Social Sciences Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China,No.19YJCZH068Open Research Fund of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response(2018B(003))。
文摘The Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world and the longest and largest river in China.China has adopted a national strategy to protect the Yangtze River.A better understanding of the ecosystem services value along the Yangtze River would provide support for the Yangtze River protection strategy.Using Costanza’s method to estimate the ecosystem services value,the value of 10 ecosystem services was estimated within 1 km and 2 km from the Yangtze River in 2017.These 10 services were derived from the four established groupings of provisioning,regulating,supporting,and cultural services.This study compared and analyzed the changes in the ecosystem services value in the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the river,and in provinces,cities,and villages along the Yangtze River.The total ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river was 37.208 and 43.769 billion yuan,respectively.Within 1 km,the ecosystem services value in the middle reaches was 12.93 billion yuan,while the next highest value was in the upper reaches at 12.45 billion yuan,and the downstream area had the smallest value of 11.855 billion yuan.Within 2 km,the value of upstream ecosystem services was the highest at 16.31 billion yuan,while the second highest value was in the middle reaches at 14.376 billion yuan,and the smallest value was in the downstream area at 13.083 billion yuan.In the Yangtze River Basin,regulating services played a leading role,accounting for 81.6%and 78.9%of the ecosystem services value within 1 km and 2 km from the river,respectively.Among the 10 ecosystem services,hydrological regulation was the most important,while the value of raw material production made the smallest contribution.Among the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River,the highest ecosystem services value was in Hubei Province,while the lowest values were in Shanghai and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.If villages within 1 km and 2 km from the river were to be relocated,the total regional ecological value would increase by 527 and 975 millio
文摘Abstract On the basis of analyzing floor strata mechanical circumstance of the roadway, the mechanical model was established. The relative displacement of roadway floor, narrow pillar floor coal mass and floor strata was calculated, the results showed that the high abutment pressure on coal mass beside the roadway was the main reason to lead to relative displacement of floor strata. And the roadway floor heave come mainly from three aspects. Firstly, the roadway floor strata is easily fractured by the stretch stress. Secondly, because the high abutment pressure is greater than the uniaxial compressive strength of floor strata, when the roadway floor strata are fractured, the coal mass floor strata at the same depth will be fractured, and broken rock will fluid into the open roadway. Thirdly, comparing with the coal mass floor, the roadway floor is relative ascending.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture along fascia,meridians,and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided nerve blockage in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.METHODS:A total of 61 outpatients with post-chest and back herpes zoster neuralgia were recruited in the Department of Pain at the Xiyuan Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from May 2019 to June 2021.They were randomly divided into two groups.Thirty-one patients in the control group were treated with ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block(PVB)alone,one patient declined to continue during treatment(n=30),and thirty patients in the observation group received the acupuncture along the fascia,meridians,and nerves combined with ultrasound-guided PVB treatment(n=30).Both control and observation group received treatment weekly for 4 weeks.The medical history data such as age,sex,presence or absence of comorbidities and disease course were analyzed.The visual analog scale(VAS)score was used to assess the pain degree of two groups at T0(before treatment),T1(1-time treatment ended),T2(2 times treatment ended),T3(3 times treatment ended),and T4(4 times treatment ended).The sleep state was examined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)before and after the study.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in general conditions between the control group and the observation group(P>0.05).The VAS score in both control and observation group was decreased in a time-dependent manner after 1-4 weeks of treatment.There were no significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups after 1 or 2 weeks of treatment(P>0.05).After 3 and 4 weeks of treatment,the VAS score was significantly decreased in the observation group compared with that in the control group(P<0.001).In addition,the reduction in VAS score(after treatment-before treatment)between the two groups was statistically significant[D value:-1.53,95%CI(-2.32,0.74),P<0.001].Furthermore,the sleep state of patients in both groups markedly improved and much obvious
基金supported by the General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30973720the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province in China,No.2011J01192Free Topics of Fujian Provincial Science & Technology Ministry in China,No.2012fjzyyk-6
文摘Propagated sensation along the meridian can occur when acupoints are stimulated by acupuncture or electrical impulses. In this study, participants with notable propagated sensation along the me- ridian were given electro-acupuncture at the Jianyu （LI15） acupoint of the large intestine meridian. When participants stated that the sensation reached the back of their hand, reguJar nervous system action discharge was examined using a physiological recording electrode placed on the superficial branch of the radial nerve. The topographical maps of brain-evoked potential in the primary cortical somatosensory area were also detected. When Guangming （GB37） acupoint in the lower limb and Hegu （LI4） acupoint in the upper limb were stimulated, subjects without propagated sensation along the meridian exhibited a high potential reaction in the corresponding area of the brain cortical somatosensory area. For subjects with a notable propagated sensation along the meridian, the re- action area was larger and extended into the face representative area. These electrophysiological measures directly prove the existence of propagated sensation along the meridian, and the periph- eral stimulated site is consistent with the corresponding primary cortical somatosensory area, which presents a high potential reaction.
基金funds supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51634007)
文摘For studying the strata behavior due to multi-slicing top coal caving longwall mining along-the-strike direction in steeply dipping extra thick coal seams,the shield support pressures of the upper and lower slices of panel 37220 in Dongxia Coal Mine were monitored using the KJ513 dynamic monitoring system.The set up rooms adopted the "horizontal line-arc segment-inclined line" form and used different types of shield supports.The results show that the strata pressure of upper slice panel 37220-1 changed slightly along the strike direction,while along the dip direction it exhibited strong to weak pressure from bottom to top.The first weighting interval of lower slice panel 37220-2 was about 60.8 m,and the average periodic weighting interval were about 22.6 m.The strata behavior of panel 37220-2 exhibited a spatiotemporal characteristic in that periodic weighting occurred first in the middle-upper part,followed by the middle and upper parts,arc segment,and finally the lower part.During the periodic weighting,the weighting interval and intensity also exhibited strong space characteristics.The average dynamic load coefficient was 1.48 and the maximum lateral load of the side shield was 20-25 MPa.
文摘BACKGROUND Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in the brain in different stages of altered glucose metabolism and its influencing factors are not well characterized.AIM To investigate the function of the glymphatic system and its clinical correlates in patients with different glucose metabolism states,the present study employed diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space(DTI-ALPS)index.METHODS Sample size was calculated using the pwr package in R software.This crosssectional study enrolled 22 patients with normal glucose metabolism(NGM),20 patients with prediabetes,and 22 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).A 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the function of the glymphatic system.The mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to assess general cognitive function.The DTI-ALPS index of bilateral basal ganglia and the mean DTI-ALPS index was calculated.Further,the correlation between DTI-ALPS and clinical features was assessed.RESULTS The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than that in the NGM group.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were significantly lower than those in the prediabetes group.DTI-ALPS index lateralization was not observed.The MMSE score in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the NGM and prediabetes group.After controlling for sex,the left-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index in the prediabetes group were positively correlated with 2-hour postprandial blood glucose level;the left-side DTI-ALPS index was negatively correlated with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein level.The right-side DTI-ALPS and mean DTI-ALPS index were negatively correlated with the glycosylated hemoglobin level and waist-to-hip ratio in the prediabetes group.The left-side,right-side,and mean DTI-ALPS index in the T2DM group were positively correlated with height.The left-side and mean DTIALPS index in the T2DM group were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein levels.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12171083,11871145,12071070)the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Provincethe Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.KYCX22-0231)。
文摘Let R be a unitary ring and a,b∈R with ab=0.We find the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility:if any two of a,b and a+b are Drazin invertible,then so is the third one.Then,we combine the 2/3 property of Drazin invertibility to characterize the existence of generalized inverses by means of units.As applications,the need for two invertible morphisms used by You and Chen to characterize the group invertibility of a sum of morphisms is reduced to that for one invertible morphism,and the existence and expression of the inverse along a product of two regular elements are obtained,which generalizes the main result of Mary and Patricio(2016)about the group inverse of a product.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:2018YJ12Innovation and entrepreneurship training program for Post-graduates of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Y201825
文摘Objective:To investigate the short-term efficacy difference between sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture and non-sensation of transmission along meridian acupuncture in the treatment of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis.Methods:A randomized,controlled,and single-blind clinical study was performed to collect 63 patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis who met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to a transmission sensation group(31 patients)and a non-transmission sensation group(32 patients).The two groups of patients took the same acupuncture points.When they were lying down on their backs,Guānyuán(关元 CV4),Zhōngjí(中极 CV3)and Dàhè(大赫 K112)were taken.When they were lying down on their stomachs,Shènshū(肾俞 BL 23),Cìliáo(次髎 BL32)and Huìyáng(会阳 BL35)were taken.Among them,the transmission sensation group was treated with transmission sensation along meridian to apply deep needling to the lower abdomen and lumbosacral acupuncture points with lifting,thrusting,and twirling method,so that the needling sensation was transmitted to the bladder,perineum and urethra.The non-transmission sensation group was treated with non-transmission sensation along meridian,and the acupuncture points were treated with conventional acupuncture until the patient felt soreness and distending etc.and the arrival of qi.Both groups of patients were treated with electro-acupuncture during acupuncture,and the sparse-dense wave(sparse wave 4 Hz,dense wave 20 Hz),and the needle retention continued for 20 min.All patients were treated for 3 times with once every other day,and the treatment lasted for one week.The CV4,CV3 and KI12 were used in the first and third treatments,and the BL23,BL32 and BL35 were used in the second treatment.The National Institute of Health chronic prostatitis syndrome index(NIH-CPSI)and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)were observed,and the clinical efficacies of the patient were observed.Results:After treatment,the NIH-CPSI scores(18.29±1.25,21.56±1.28
文摘Objective To compare differences in therapeutic effects between acupuncture accelerating qi-flow along meridians （AQF） and conventional acupuncture （CA） in treating periarthritis of shoulder to find better acupuncture methods. Methods Sixty-four patients were randomly divided into two groups： group AQF, and group CA with 32 cases in each group. Jiānyú （肩髃 LI 15）, Jiānliáo （肩髎 TE 14）, Jiānzhēn （肩贞 SI 9）, Bìnào （臂臑 LI 14）, Qūchí （曲池 LI 11） and Wàiguān （外关 TE 5） on the affected side were used in both groups, and the two acupuncture methods were respectively used in the two groups for consecutive 2 courses. Pain and moving functions of shoulder and ability in daily life （ADL） were used as indices for evaluating therapeutic effects. Results The total effective rate was 96.9% （31/32） and 81.3% （26/32） in group AQF and group CA, respectively, showing superiority of AQF to CA （P〈0.05）. Scores reflecting pain and moving functions of shoulder and ADL were all improved after treatment in both groups （all P〈0.05）, and the improvement in group AQF was more obvious than those in group CA （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion In treating periarthritis of shoulder, the acupuncture accelerating qi-flow along meridians was better than conventional acupuncture in alleviating pain of the shoulder, improving its moving function and elevating abilities in daily life.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Grants No.41202156 and 41330211)China Geological Survey(Grants No.12120115026901 and 12120115027001)the Institute of Geology,CAGS(Grant No.J1520)
文摘As one of the longest strike-slip fault in Asia,the Altyn Tagh Fault（ATF）defines the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau and plays a significant role inaccommodating the deformation resulting from the IndiaAsia convergence.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0104500)the Ministry of Science and Technology, National Natural Science Foundation of China (81770189, 81621001, 81530046)+1 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology China, the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province of China (2016B030230003)the Project of Health Collaborative Innovation of Guangzhou city (201704020214)
文摘(HSCT),which has been acknowledged as a curative procedure,relapse of leukemia remains the leading cause of death following transplantation and is a disappointment to transplant physicians.Leukemic relapse occurs due to leukemia cell escape from immune-mediated killing (immune escape) by pre-transplantation conditioning and post-transplantation immune control.Immune exhaustion of donor T cells is one of the common causes of relapse,and donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) have the potential to reverse this immune exhaustion.Patients who are deemed eligible for intensive treatment at this point are offered either DLI or a second transplant.Contrary to the contemporary understanding,DLI results in the same response and survival obtained via a second transplant but with less toxicity (Kharfan- Dabaja et al.,2018).Starting in the mid-1990s,our group along with few others demonstrated the efficacy of DLI,which was initially confirmed by the Hadassah group in Jerusalem in the late 1980s.In the first four patients (with both acute and chronic leukemias) treated by us with DLI,the initial success rate was 100%,which encouraged us to pursue this treatment further.
基金This work was supported by the Climbing Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
文摘The meridian phenomena are closely associated with the neuro-muscular function. Our experiments show that meridian phenomenon, acupoint stimulation-induced generating-sensations along meridians(GSM), does exist in some volunteers, and the subjects can describe the characteristics of the feelings and the route of GSM. Simultaneously, GSM is often accompanied with progressive myoelectric activity along the meridian which is able to be recorded objectively. Brachial plexus anesthesia and regional neuro-muscular block may arrest these responses while the neuro-muscular blocking agent may stop neuromuscular transmission at the motor end-plate rather than check GSM. The facts reveal that GSM probably depends on muscular activity and is involved in the secondary neuro-muscular excitation propagating along the longitudinal axis of muscles. These findings suggest that the myoelectric activities constitute the foundation of secondarily generating-sensation propagating along the longitudinal orientation of limbs(muscles), or along the meridian.
文摘It can be seen from the calculation that the vulnerable area along China's coast in which the elevation is less than 5 m, is 143 900 km2, accounting for about 11. 3% of the total area of the 11 coastal provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. These areas are threatened to varying extent by sea level rise. According to prediction, the relative sea level rise (including global sea level rise caused by climate change and local relative as level rise caused by vertical crust movement and ground subsidence) along China's coast will be 4～16 cm by the year 2030 with the optimum estimated value of 6～14cm. It will be 9～26 cm by the year 2050 with the optimum estimated value of 12-23 cm. And it will be 31-74 cm by the year 2100 with the optimum estimated value of 47～65 cm. The calcuation result shows that the percentage of the cost for up-grading (heightening and consolidating) sea dykes/walls in adaptation strategy in the losses of submerged areas varies from area to area: 6. 9% in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Deta, 1. 3% ～24. 6% in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, and 0. 9%～2. 0% in the Huanghe River Delta.
文摘In this paper, the asymptotical behaviour solutions of a class of nonlinear control systems are studied. By establishing infinite integrals along solutions of the system and drawing support from a LaSalle's invariance principle of integral form, criteria of dichotomy and global asymptotical behaviour of solutions are obtained. This work is an improvement and further extension of research methods and results of A. S. Aisagaliev.
基金an output from the research projects entitled "Study on the Na-tional AOD Retrieval System based on MODIS Data" supported by the Special Funds for the Basic Research in Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) of Chinese Meteorological Administration (CMA) (2007Y001)"Multi-scale Aerosol Optical Thickness Quantitative Retrieval from Remotely Sensing Data at Urban Area"(40671142)+2 种基金the project (Grant Nos. 40871173,40601068) funded by National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaInnovation Fund by State Key Laboratoryof Remote Sensing Sciences, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos.07S00502CX, 03Q0033049)"Aerosol over China and Their Climate Effect" supported by National Basic Research Program of China (2006CB403701)
文摘In this paper, a novel algorithm for aerosol optical depth（AOD） retrieval with a 1 km spatial resolution over land is presented using the Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer （AATSR） dual-view capability at 0.55, 0.66 and 0.87μm, in combination with the Bi-directional Reflectance Distribution Function （BRDF） model, a product of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS）. The BRDF characteristics of the land surface, i.e. prior input parameters for this algorithm, are computed by extracting the geometrical information from AATSR and reducing the kernels from the MODIS BRDF/Albedo Model Parameters Product. Finally, AOD, with a i km resolution at 0.55, 0.66 and 0.87 μm for the forward and nadir views of AATSR, can be simultaneously obtained. Extensive validations of AOD derived from AATSR during the period from August 2005 to July 2006 in Beijing and its surrounding area, against in-situ AErosol RObotic NETwork （AERONET） measurements, were performed. The AOD difference between the retrievals from the forward and nadir views of AATSR was less than 5.72%, 1.9% and 13.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the AATSR retrievals using the synergic algorithm developed in this paper are more favorable than those by assuming a Lambert surface, for the coefficient of determination between AATSR derived AOD and AERONET mearured AOD, decreased by 15.5% and 18.5%, compared to those derived by the synergic algorithm. This further suggests that the synergic algorithm can be potentially used in climate change and air quality monitoring.
