Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, ...Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, based on monthly monitoring in 15 parks from March 2009 to February 2010. In each park, sampling sites were selected in forests and open spaces. The annual variation in negative air ion concentrations （NAIC） showed peak values from June to October and minimum values from December to January. NAIC were highest in summer and autumn, intermediate in spring, and lowest in winter. During spring and summer, NAIC in open spaces were significantly higher in rural areas than those in suburban areas. However, there were no significant differences in NAIC at forest sites among seasons. For open spaces, total suspended particles （TSP） were the dominant determining factor of NAIC in sum- mer, and air temperature and air humidity were the dominant determining factors of NAIC in spring, which were tightly correlated with Shanghai＇s ongoing urbanization and its impacts on the environment. R is suggested that urbanization could induce variation in NAIC along the urban-rural gradient, but that may not change the temporal variation pattern. Fur- thermore, the effects of urbanization on NAIC were limited in non-vegetated or less-vegetated sites, such as open spaces, but not in well-vegetated areas, such as urban forests. Therefore, we suggest that urban greening, especially urban forest, has significant resistance to theeffect of urbanization on NAIC.展开更多
为探索岩溶地区城市遗存山体(urban remnant mountains,URMs)表面空气负离子浓度(negative air ion concentration,NAIC)特征及其影响因素,以贵阳市建成区内22座城市遗存山体为研究对象,通过样地调查法分析了城市遗存山体表面空气负离...为探索岩溶地区城市遗存山体(urban remnant mountains,URMs)表面空气负离子浓度(negative air ion concentration,NAIC)特征及其影响因素,以贵阳市建成区内22座城市遗存山体为研究对象,通过样地调查法分析了城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度空间格局特征,运用单因素方差分析LSD法、pearson相关性及线性回归分析等方法分析了山体规模大小、山体斑块特征、山体平均植被覆盖度、植物物种多样性、植物群落体积生物量、地表辐射、空气温湿度、人为干扰程度、近红外辐射、短波红外辐射及城市遗存山体周边城市景观格局等因素对城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度的影响。结果表明:(1)不同规模城市遗存山体的表面空气负离子浓度表现为中型山体>小型山体>大型山体;空气负离子浓度在城市遗存山体坡向上呈东坡面和北坡面大于西坡面和南坡面的两级格局,同一坡向的不同坡位间无明显差异。(2)空气负离子浓度与山体表面温度极显著负相关,与山体表面空气湿度极显著正相关;植物群落体积生物量对城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度影响较大,且小型山体表现最明显;植物物种多样性对山体表面空气负离子浓度影响微弱,其中Margalef指数影响最大。(3)大型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度与人为干扰、山体平均海拔、山体斑块形状指数及地表辐射等因素有相关性;中型城市遗存山体人为干扰、山体坡度差和山体斑块形状指数对其表面空气负离子浓度影响明显;小型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度不受山体斑块特征影响。(4)各规模城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度受周边环境影响空间尺度为大型山体周边300 m范围内,中小型山体周边500 m范围内;周边环境中水域相关指标对大中型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度影响最大,城市遗存山体相关指标对小型城市遗存山体�展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40971041)
文摘Negative air ions are natural components of the air we breathe Forests are the main continuous natural source of negative air ions （NAI）. The spatio-temporal patterns of negative air ions were explored in Shanghai, based on monthly monitoring in 15 parks from March 2009 to February 2010. In each park, sampling sites were selected in forests and open spaces. The annual variation in negative air ion concentrations （NAIC） showed peak values from June to October and minimum values from December to January. NAIC were highest in summer and autumn, intermediate in spring, and lowest in winter. During spring and summer, NAIC in open spaces were significantly higher in rural areas than those in suburban areas. However, there were no significant differences in NAIC at forest sites among seasons. For open spaces, total suspended particles （TSP） were the dominant determining factor of NAIC in sum- mer, and air temperature and air humidity were the dominant determining factors of NAIC in spring, which were tightly correlated with Shanghai＇s ongoing urbanization and its impacts on the environment. R is suggested that urbanization could induce variation in NAIC along the urban-rural gradient, but that may not change the temporal variation pattern. Fur- thermore, the effects of urbanization on NAIC were limited in non-vegetated or less-vegetated sites, such as open spaces, but not in well-vegetated areas, such as urban forests. Therefore, we suggest that urban greening, especially urban forest, has significant resistance to theeffect of urbanization on NAIC.
文摘为探索岩溶地区城市遗存山体(urban remnant mountains,URMs)表面空气负离子浓度(negative air ion concentration,NAIC)特征及其影响因素,以贵阳市建成区内22座城市遗存山体为研究对象,通过样地调查法分析了城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度空间格局特征,运用单因素方差分析LSD法、pearson相关性及线性回归分析等方法分析了山体规模大小、山体斑块特征、山体平均植被覆盖度、植物物种多样性、植物群落体积生物量、地表辐射、空气温湿度、人为干扰程度、近红外辐射、短波红外辐射及城市遗存山体周边城市景观格局等因素对城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度的影响。结果表明:(1)不同规模城市遗存山体的表面空气负离子浓度表现为中型山体>小型山体>大型山体;空气负离子浓度在城市遗存山体坡向上呈东坡面和北坡面大于西坡面和南坡面的两级格局,同一坡向的不同坡位间无明显差异。(2)空气负离子浓度与山体表面温度极显著负相关,与山体表面空气湿度极显著正相关;植物群落体积生物量对城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度影响较大,且小型山体表现最明显;植物物种多样性对山体表面空气负离子浓度影响微弱,其中Margalef指数影响最大。(3)大型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度与人为干扰、山体平均海拔、山体斑块形状指数及地表辐射等因素有相关性;中型城市遗存山体人为干扰、山体坡度差和山体斑块形状指数对其表面空气负离子浓度影响明显;小型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度不受山体斑块特征影响。(4)各规模城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度受周边环境影响空间尺度为大型山体周边300 m范围内,中小型山体周边500 m范围内;周边环境中水域相关指标对大中型城市遗存山体表面空气负离子浓度影响最大,城市遗存山体相关指标对小型城市遗存山体�
