为了同时实现应用于步进扫描投影光刻机中的长行程直线电机的高推力密度、低推力波动和低铜损耗,提出了基于多种群遗传算法(multiple population genetic algorithm,MPGA)的环形绕组形式无铁心永磁直线同步电机(air-corepermanent magne...为了同时实现应用于步进扫描投影光刻机中的长行程直线电机的高推力密度、低推力波动和低铜损耗,提出了基于多种群遗传算法(multiple population genetic algorithm,MPGA)的环形绕组形式无铁心永磁直线同步电机(air-corepermanent magnet linear synchronous motor,ACPMLSM)多目标优化设计方法。在建立磁场分析模型的基础上,推导了关键参数的解析表达式。以永磁体、环形绕组的尺寸为变量,以推力体积比、电机常数和推力波动为优化目标,提出了基于权重系数的多目标优化函数,应用搜索能力强、收敛速度快的多种群遗传算法优化电机的结构尺寸。结果表明,在不同的权重系数下,MPGA得到的电机优化设计结果与设计目标具有良好的一致性。有限元仿真和实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性和可行性。展开更多
For the flow field in a d50 mm hydrocyclone, numerical studies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and experimental studies based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement were carried out res...For the flow field in a d50 mm hydrocyclone, numerical studies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and experimental studies based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement were carried out respectively. The results of two methods show that air core generally forms after 0.7 s, the similar characteristics of air core can be observed. Vortexes and axial velocity distributions obtained by numerical and experimental methods are also in good agreement. Studies of different parameters based on CFD simulation show that tangential velocity distribution inside the hydrocyclone can be regarded as a combined vortex. Axial and tangential velocities increase as the feed rate increases. The enlargement of cone angle and overflow outlet diameter can speed up the overflow discharge rate. The change of underflow outlet diameter has no significant effect on axial and tangential velocities.展开更多
The concentrations of CH4 in the atmosphere over the past 2000 years have been deduced by extracting and analyzing the air in bubbles embedded in the Dasuopu ice core, Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau. Upon analyzing 57 ice c...The concentrations of CH4 in the atmosphere over the past 2000 years have been deduced by extracting and analyzing the air in bubbles embedded in the Dasuopu ice core, Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau. Upon analyzing 57 ice core samples we found that the concentration of CH4 200 years ago and earlier was 0.85 μ mol· mol-1 or about 40% of present atmospheric CH4 levels over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. A rapid and significant increase of atmospheric CH4 started about 200–250 a ago. For a given age before 19th century, the Dasuopu CH4 concentrations were about 15%-20% higher than those in Antarctic and Greenland references. It was also found that the Dasuopu CH4 concentrations changed more frequently, and its fluctuations could reflect the temperature change sensitively.展开更多
Transient electromagnetic method (TEM),as a non-seismic geophysical exploration mainstream electromagnetic method,is widely used in oil,gas,mineral and other underground resources exploration areas. The coil sensor is...Transient electromagnetic method (TEM),as a non-seismic geophysical exploration mainstream electromagnetic method,is widely used in oil,gas,mineral and other underground resources exploration areas. The coil sensor is generally used to collect data. In view of the problems of incomplete information of the abnormal body and the data loss in the existing TEM single-component coil sensor,a three-component TEM coil sensor is designed. By analyzing the relationship between sensor sensitivity and coil structure parameters,the coil structure and turns are designed. By analyzing the frequency response characteristics of the TEM magnetic field sensor,the signal distortion is reduced by using the under-damped matching mode. By analyzing the distribution of various noise sources of the magnetic sensor,the appropriate amplifier is selected to reduce the background noise. Finally,a three-component TEM induction magnetic field sensor is designed. The weight of the sensor is controlled at 3.2 kg and the working frequency is 10 mHz-10 kHz. The background noises of X and Y components probably keep in 1.5×10^-8 V/ Hz and sensitivities are 8.4 and 9.8 nT/s,respectively,the background noise of vertical component is 2.1× 10^-7 V/ Hz and sensitivity is 18.5 nT/s. Compared with the existing single-component TEM receiving magnetic field sensor,the designed sensor realizes the signal acquisition of three components. Without too much increase in volume and total weight,it improves the sensitivity of the sensor and reduces the background noise,thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal is improved.展开更多
文摘为了同时实现应用于步进扫描投影光刻机中的长行程直线电机的高推力密度、低推力波动和低铜损耗,提出了基于多种群遗传算法(multiple population genetic algorithm,MPGA)的环形绕组形式无铁心永磁直线同步电机(air-corepermanent magnet linear synchronous motor,ACPMLSM)多目标优化设计方法。在建立磁场分析模型的基础上,推导了关键参数的解析表达式。以永磁体、环形绕组的尺寸为变量,以推力体积比、电机常数和推力波动为优化目标,提出了基于权重系数的多目标优化函数,应用搜索能力强、收敛速度快的多种群遗传算法优化电机的结构尺寸。结果表明,在不同的权重系数下,MPGA得到的电机优化设计结果与设计目标具有良好的一致性。有限元仿真和实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性和可行性。
基金Projects(50974033,51104035)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘For the flow field in a d50 mm hydrocyclone, numerical studies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and experimental studies based on particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement were carried out respectively. The results of two methods show that air core generally forms after 0.7 s, the similar characteristics of air core can be observed. Vortexes and axial velocity distributions obtained by numerical and experimental methods are also in good agreement. Studies of different parameters based on CFD simulation show that tangential velocity distribution inside the hydrocyclone can be regarded as a combined vortex. Axial and tangential velocities increase as the feed rate increases. The enlargement of cone angle and overflow outlet diameter can speed up the overflow discharge rate. The change of underflow outlet diameter has no significant effect on axial and tangential velocities.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.49671021), the National Key Project for Basic Research (Grant No. KZ951-A1-204), CAS Project for Tibetan Research Project (Grant No. KZ95-T-06) and Innovation Project of Cold and Arid Regions E
文摘The concentrations of CH4 in the atmosphere over the past 2000 years have been deduced by extracting and analyzing the air in bubbles embedded in the Dasuopu ice core, Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau. Upon analyzing 57 ice core samples we found that the concentration of CH4 200 years ago and earlier was 0.85 μ mol· mol-1 or about 40% of present atmospheric CH4 levels over Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. A rapid and significant increase of atmospheric CH4 started about 200–250 a ago. For a given age before 19th century, the Dasuopu CH4 concentrations were about 15%-20% higher than those in Antarctic and Greenland references. It was also found that the Dasuopu CH4 concentrations changed more frequently, and its fluctuations could reflect the temperature change sensitively.
文摘Transient electromagnetic method (TEM),as a non-seismic geophysical exploration mainstream electromagnetic method,is widely used in oil,gas,mineral and other underground resources exploration areas. The coil sensor is generally used to collect data. In view of the problems of incomplete information of the abnormal body and the data loss in the existing TEM single-component coil sensor,a three-component TEM coil sensor is designed. By analyzing the relationship between sensor sensitivity and coil structure parameters,the coil structure and turns are designed. By analyzing the frequency response characteristics of the TEM magnetic field sensor,the signal distortion is reduced by using the under-damped matching mode. By analyzing the distribution of various noise sources of the magnetic sensor,the appropriate amplifier is selected to reduce the background noise. Finally,a three-component TEM induction magnetic field sensor is designed. The weight of the sensor is controlled at 3.2 kg and the working frequency is 10 mHz-10 kHz. The background noises of X and Y components probably keep in 1.5×10^-8 V/ Hz and sensitivities are 8.4 and 9.8 nT/s,respectively,the background noise of vertical component is 2.1× 10^-7 V/ Hz and sensitivity is 18.5 nT/s. Compared with the existing single-component TEM receiving magnetic field sensor,the designed sensor realizes the signal acquisition of three components. Without too much increase in volume and total weight,it improves the sensitivity of the sensor and reduces the background noise,thus the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal is improved.
