天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用...天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用超声和时域反射联合探测技术,研究了沉积物中水合物饱和度与声学特性的关系.并对时间平均方程、伍德及其修正方程、李权重方程和BGTL(Biot-Gassmann Theory by Lee)理论等常用的水合物饱和度估算模型进行了验证.实验结果表明,超声和时域反射联合探测技术能有效地实时获得水合物饱和度和纵、横波速的实验数据,李权重方程和BGTL理论的速度预测值与实验值比较吻合,有广泛的适用性.展开更多
目的评估发声训练的临床疗效及音域图(voice range profile,VRP)在嗓音评估中的作用。方法对100例功能性发声障碍职业用嗓者进行为期8周的发声训练,包括:放松训练、呼吸训练、共鸣及构音训练、振动训练及发声综合训练;训练前后采用德国X...目的评估发声训练的临床疗效及音域图(voice range profile,VRP)在嗓音评估中的作用。方法对100例功能性发声障碍职业用嗓者进行为期8周的发声训练,包括:放松训练、呼吸训练、共鸣及构音训练、振动训练及发声综合训练;训练前后采用德国XION DIVAS系统对受试者进行音域图测试及声学分析,比较训练前后最大声强、最小声强、最高基频、最低基频、基频微扰(jitter)、最长发声时间(maximum phonation time,MPT)及嗓音障碍严重指数(dysphonia severity index,DSI)的变化。结果 100例受试者发声训练后音域图各指标均有不同程度改善,最大声强均值由90.33 dB SPL增加至95.00 dB SPL;最小声强均值由47.26 dB SPL降低至43.71 dB SPL;最高频率均值由506.29 Hz增加至682.05 Hz;jitter均值由训练前的2.50%改善至0.73%;MPT均值由训练前的12.92±2.91 s改善至23.64±1.05 s,DSI从训练前的-2.89±1.86改善为5.43±0.79,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论发声训练对改善职业用嗓者的功能性发声障碍切实有效,可改善其嗓音质量,音域图可作为职业用嗓者发声训练效果的评估手段。展开更多
Advertisement calls play an important role in influencing female mate choice and are regarded as one of the key characters responsible for reproductive isolation and speciation events in frogs and toads. The black-spi...Advertisement calls play an important role in influencing female mate choice and are regarded as one of the key characters responsible for reproductive isolation and speciation events in frogs and toads. The black-spined toad, Bufo melanostictus, is one of the most common amphibians in Southeast Asia and is frequently observed in human habitations throughout its distributional range. The advertisement calls of the toad have not been well described. Here, we report the advertisement calls of this species from Lishui, Zhejiang, China during its breeding season. The advertisement calls of B. melanostictus are composed of single notes with a single harmonic frequency emitted sporadically. The call parameters recorded in this study were highly variable across recording times and with different body sizes. Dominant frequency was negatively correlated with body size. Comparing the calls of the B. melanostictus population from Lishui with the populations from five other localities(Bangkok, Thailand; Coorg, India; Burma, Myanmar; Bali, Indonesia; Halimun-Salak National Park, Indonesia), we found that call structure was similar among five different populations with no harmonics, while the Halimun-Salak National Park population contained two clear harmonics. Dominant frequency was similar between Bali(1.56 kHz) and Coorg(1.6 kHz) populations, while it was highly variable among other populations. Besides call duration, call interval and pulse/call rate may also be significantly different among the comparing populations. Pooling the available data, we observed some similarities and differences in call parameters among the six populations.展开更多
文摘天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用超声和时域反射联合探测技术,研究了沉积物中水合物饱和度与声学特性的关系.并对时间平均方程、伍德及其修正方程、李权重方程和BGTL(Biot-Gassmann Theory by Lee)理论等常用的水合物饱和度估算模型进行了验证.实验结果表明,超声和时域反射联合探测技术能有效地实时获得水合物饱和度和纵、横波速的实验数据,李权重方程和BGTL理论的速度预测值与实验值比较吻合,有广泛的适用性.
文摘目的评估发声训练的临床疗效及音域图(voice range profile,VRP)在嗓音评估中的作用。方法对100例功能性发声障碍职业用嗓者进行为期8周的发声训练,包括:放松训练、呼吸训练、共鸣及构音训练、振动训练及发声综合训练;训练前后采用德国XION DIVAS系统对受试者进行音域图测试及声学分析,比较训练前后最大声强、最小声强、最高基频、最低基频、基频微扰(jitter)、最长发声时间(maximum phonation time,MPT)及嗓音障碍严重指数(dysphonia severity index,DSI)的变化。结果 100例受试者发声训练后音域图各指标均有不同程度改善,最大声强均值由90.33 dB SPL增加至95.00 dB SPL;最小声强均值由47.26 dB SPL降低至43.71 dB SPL;最高频率均值由506.29 Hz增加至682.05 Hz;jitter均值由训练前的2.50%改善至0.73%;MPT均值由训练前的12.92±2.91 s改善至23.64±1.05 s,DSI从训练前的-2.89±1.86改善为5.43±0.79,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论发声训练对改善职业用嗓者的功能性发声障碍切实有效,可改善其嗓音质量,音域图可作为职业用嗓者发声训练效果的评估手段。
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30770310,30970435)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang,China(Y307453)
文摘Advertisement calls play an important role in influencing female mate choice and are regarded as one of the key characters responsible for reproductive isolation and speciation events in frogs and toads. The black-spined toad, Bufo melanostictus, is one of the most common amphibians in Southeast Asia and is frequently observed in human habitations throughout its distributional range. The advertisement calls of the toad have not been well described. Here, we report the advertisement calls of this species from Lishui, Zhejiang, China during its breeding season. The advertisement calls of B. melanostictus are composed of single notes with a single harmonic frequency emitted sporadically. The call parameters recorded in this study were highly variable across recording times and with different body sizes. Dominant frequency was negatively correlated with body size. Comparing the calls of the B. melanostictus population from Lishui with the populations from five other localities(Bangkok, Thailand; Coorg, India; Burma, Myanmar; Bali, Indonesia; Halimun-Salak National Park, Indonesia), we found that call structure was similar among five different populations with no harmonics, while the Halimun-Salak National Park population contained two clear harmonics. Dominant frequency was similar between Bali(1.56 kHz) and Coorg(1.6 kHz) populations, while it was highly variable among other populations. Besides call duration, call interval and pulse/call rate may also be significantly different among the comparing populations. Pooling the available data, we observed some similarities and differences in call parameters among the six populations.
